Basmachilik Issue in Uzbek Literature During The Soviet Period and After

Year 2017, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 32 - 62, 01.04.2017

Selahittin Tolkun

Abstract

Mehmet Çınarlı originating from Ermenek, a small town with no road, no train, and no bus in the middle of the The Turkestan Turks, getting independence partly from the Tsarist Russia, were again invaded by the Russian under the name Soviet. The name Basmachi was used to humiliate the national forces of Turkistan that resisted the Russian occupation. The mass that the Soviet administration called the Basmachi was generally active between 1918 and 1925. However, the name Basmachi has been begun to use since the middle of 1919. This name also was used to referred by the Soviet press to its associates of the liberation struggle carried out by the Afghan people against the occupation of the USSR in Afghanistan, in the years 1979-1989. In addition, this name was exploited for the purpose of accusing and persecuting those who contradicted the Soviet ideology, until the last years of the Soviet. This rhetoric have been used extensively in their works to show that the Uzbek intellectuals were not anti-Soviet until the disintegration of the Soviets. In the process of disintegration of the Soviet Union, this situation has reversed. Basmachi means "rebel, bandit, invader" in Uzbek language. Soviet authorities used this term to name the Turkistan people who contradicted the Soviet ideology to introduce them as humiliated, rebellious. The Uzbek poets and writers have begun to tell what is the truth of the community which was named by the Soviet authorities as Basmachi. In fact, It is determined that some authors who criticised Basmachis in the Soviet Period had praised them in the post-Soviet period. For example, Shukur Xolmirzaev an important Uzbek writer, who lived between 1940 and 2006, is a very suit example for the standing of surrendering the transformation or truth experienced by Uzbek writers. Same approachment appears in the same way in Uzbek dictionaries and encyclopedias. In this paper, different kind of examples will be given in order to show the evolution of the approachment to the Basmachi term in the works of Uzbek poets and writers.

Keywords

The phrase of basmachilik, basmachilik issue in Uzbek literature, basmachilik issue in Uzbek literature in Soviet period, Uzbek literature in post-Soviet period

Sovyet Dönemi ve Sonrası Özbek Edebiyatinda ‘Basmacılık’ Konusu

Abstract

Keywords

Basmacılık kavramı, Özbek edebiyatında basmacılık, Sovyet devri Özbek edebiyatında basmacılık, Sovyet sonrası Özbek edebiyatı.