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PHONETIC AND NON-PHONETIC LANGUAGES: A CONTRASTIVE STUDY OF ENGLISH AND TURKISH PHONOLOGY FOCUSING ON THE ORTHOGRAPHY-INDUCED PRONUNCIATION PROBLEMS OF TURKISH LEARNERS OF ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (TURKISH EFL LEARNERS)

Year 2014, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 1 - 16, 30.04.2014

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı İngiliz dilini bir yabancı dil olarak öğrenen Türk öğrencilerin bu dilin yazım (imla) kurallarından kaynaklanan telaffuz sorunlarını araştırmaktır. Yazım sistemi belli bir yazı kurallarını kullanarak belli bir dili yazmak için standartlaşmış bir sistem demektir. Bu sistem imla kurallarını hem de yazı dilinin diğer elemanlarını mesela telaffuz ve büyük harflerle yazmağı içermektedir. Farklı dillerin imla sistemlerinde yazı ile telaffuz arasında farklı derecede uygunluk bulunmaktadır, mesela İngiliz dilinin imla sistemi çok düzensizdir. Bu yüzden, sözcüklerin doğru telaffuzlarını bilmek öğrenciler için ciddi bir sorun olabilir. Yule (1996) İngiliz dilinin yazı sisteminde sesler ile yazı işaretleri arasında güvenilir bir uygunluğun olmamasını ifade etmektedir. Bu nedenle, bu dilin yazı sisteminde düzenlilik çok düşük bir seviyede bulunmaktadır. Biliyoruz ki İngilizce fonetik ama Türkçe gayri-fonetik bir dildir. Bu nedenle, Türk öğrencilerin İngilizceyi öğrenmekte bir sıra telaffuz sorunlarla karşılaşmaları çok doğal bir meseledir. Makalenin yazarı şu sorunların sebeplerini bulup çıkarmak amacıyla İngilizce ve Türkçenin sessizleri, seslileri ve hece yapısı sistemleri ile ilgili karşılaştırmalı bir araştırma yapmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçlarından Türk öğrencilere İngilizceyi öğretmekte faydalanabiliriz. Araştırmanın sonuçları bahs etdiğimiz sorunların iki dilin arasındaki yazım ve sesbilim kurallarından kaynaklanmasını göstermektedir. Bu konuda, İngilizce öğretmenleri öğrencilere yardımcı olmak için iki dilin arasında olan farkların (yazım ve sesbilim kuralları ile ilgili) üzerinde durmalı ve bu konularda öğrencileri yeterince çalıştırmalılar.

References

  • BAYRAKTAROĞLU, S. (2008) Orthographic Interference and The Teaching of British Pronunciation to Turkish. Learners Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, Vol.4 Issue 2. 19.
  • BEKLEYEN, N. (2007) An investigation of English teacher candidates’ problems related to listening skill. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences 6(21) 91-105.
  • BEKLEYEN, N. (2011) Pronunciation Problems of the Turkish EFL Learners. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences.
  • DEMIREZEN, M. (2007) A Model to Rehabilitate a Fossilized Pronunciation Error of Turkish English Language Teachers: the English Consonant Phoneme /ŋ/ Wrongly articulated as /nk/ Through Nasal Devoicing. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 3(2), 289-303.
  • FIELD, J. (2003) Promoting perception: lexical segmentation in L2 listening. ELT Journal 57(4) 325-334. HEBERT, J. (2002) PracTESOL: It’s not what you say, but how you say it. In J. C. Richards & W. A.
  • HIŞMANOĞLU, M. (2007) [ ɔː ] and [ oʊ ] contrast as fossilized pronunciation error of Turkish learners of English and "How many words are there in the English Language?. Oxford dictionaries.com. http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/page/howmanywords.
  • JONES, R. (2002) Beyond “listen and repeat”: Pronunciation teaching materials and theories of second language acquisition. In J. C. Richards & W. A. Renandya (Ed.), Methodology in Language Teaching (178-187). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Katz, L. & Frost, R. (1992). The reading process is different for different orthographies: The orthographic depth hypothesis. In Frost, R. & Katz, L., (Eds.). Orthography, Phonology, Morphology, and Meaning, pp. 67-84. Amsterdam: Elsevier North Holland Press.
  • KAWAGUCHI, Y., MINEGISHI, M., DURAND, J. (2011) Corpus analysis and variation in Linguistics. Google Books. Books.google.com. Retrieved.
  • KESHAVARZ, M. H. (2003) A Practical Course of English Phonetics and Phonology. Tehran, The Center for Studying and Compiling University Books in Humanities (SAMT).
  • LARSEN-FREEMAN, D. (2000) Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • LEWIS, G. (2002) The Turkish Language Reform: A Catastrophic Success. Oxford:Oxford University Press, p. 26
  • MYDANS, S. (2007) Across cultures, English is the word. New York Times. Retrieved 21 September 2011
  • ÖNEM, E. (2012) Inhibitors for Speaking English in Turkish EFL students. Proceedings of the ISLC 2012, Mega Press, Erzurum, p. 53-63
  • ROACH, P. (1983) English Phonetics and Phonology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
  • ŞENEL, M. (2006) Suggestions for Beautifying the Pronunciation of EFL Learners in Turkey. Journal of Language and The_Inflluences_on_Old_English.html. Retrieved 5 September 2010.
  • WEISSBORT, D. (2006) Translation: theory and practice : a historical reader. Oxford University Press, p.100.
  • Ziahosseiny, S.M. (1994) Introducing Contrastive Linguistics. Tehran, Islamic Azad University Press.

PHONETIC AND NON-PHONETIC LANGUAGES: A CONTRASTIVE STUDY OF ENGLISH AND TURKISH PHONOLOGY FOCUSING ON THE ORTHOGRAPHY-INDUCED PRONUNCIATION PROBLEMS OF TURKISH LEARNERS OF ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (TURKISH EFL LEARNERS)

Year 2014, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 1 - 16, 30.04.2014

Abstract

The present study aims to investigate the pronunciation problems of Turkish learners of English as a foreign language (Turkish EFL learners) due to the orthography system of English. Orthography is a standardized system for using a particular writing system (script) to write a particular language. It includes rules of spelling, and may also concern other elements of the written language such as punctuation and capitalization. It is clear that English is a non-phonetic and Turkish is a phonetic language, so it is very natural for the Turkish EFL learners to have some phonological problems in learning English. The author has done a contrastive study concerning three linguistic systems, i.e. consonants, vowels and syllable structures of English and Turkish to find the causes of the problems to be used in teaching English as a foreign language to Turks. The results of the study showed that the problems under discussion are caused by some differences between the orthography and the phonology of the two languages. As a result, English teachers, to be helpful, should focus on the differences and help the Turkish learners overcome the pronunciation problems. The author of the paper believes that an English teacher should be both aware of the differences and be able to teach them effectively to the Turkish EFL learners.

References

  • BAYRAKTAROĞLU, S. (2008) Orthographic Interference and The Teaching of British Pronunciation to Turkish. Learners Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, Vol.4 Issue 2. 19.
  • BEKLEYEN, N. (2007) An investigation of English teacher candidates’ problems related to listening skill. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences 6(21) 91-105.
  • BEKLEYEN, N. (2011) Pronunciation Problems of the Turkish EFL Learners. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences.
  • DEMIREZEN, M. (2007) A Model to Rehabilitate a Fossilized Pronunciation Error of Turkish English Language Teachers: the English Consonant Phoneme /ŋ/ Wrongly articulated as /nk/ Through Nasal Devoicing. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 3(2), 289-303.
  • FIELD, J. (2003) Promoting perception: lexical segmentation in L2 listening. ELT Journal 57(4) 325-334. HEBERT, J. (2002) PracTESOL: It’s not what you say, but how you say it. In J. C. Richards & W. A.
  • HIŞMANOĞLU, M. (2007) [ ɔː ] and [ oʊ ] contrast as fossilized pronunciation error of Turkish learners of English and "How many words are there in the English Language?. Oxford dictionaries.com. http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/page/howmanywords.
  • JONES, R. (2002) Beyond “listen and repeat”: Pronunciation teaching materials and theories of second language acquisition. In J. C. Richards & W. A. Renandya (Ed.), Methodology in Language Teaching (178-187). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Katz, L. & Frost, R. (1992). The reading process is different for different orthographies: The orthographic depth hypothesis. In Frost, R. & Katz, L., (Eds.). Orthography, Phonology, Morphology, and Meaning, pp. 67-84. Amsterdam: Elsevier North Holland Press.
  • KAWAGUCHI, Y., MINEGISHI, M., DURAND, J. (2011) Corpus analysis and variation in Linguistics. Google Books. Books.google.com. Retrieved.
  • KESHAVARZ, M. H. (2003) A Practical Course of English Phonetics and Phonology. Tehran, The Center for Studying and Compiling University Books in Humanities (SAMT).
  • LARSEN-FREEMAN, D. (2000) Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • LEWIS, G. (2002) The Turkish Language Reform: A Catastrophic Success. Oxford:Oxford University Press, p. 26
  • MYDANS, S. (2007) Across cultures, English is the word. New York Times. Retrieved 21 September 2011
  • ÖNEM, E. (2012) Inhibitors for Speaking English in Turkish EFL students. Proceedings of the ISLC 2012, Mega Press, Erzurum, p. 53-63
  • ROACH, P. (1983) English Phonetics and Phonology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
  • ŞENEL, M. (2006) Suggestions for Beautifying the Pronunciation of EFL Learners in Turkey. Journal of Language and The_Inflluences_on_Old_English.html. Retrieved 5 September 2010.
  • WEISSBORT, D. (2006) Translation: theory and practice : a historical reader. Oxford University Press, p.100.
  • Ziahosseiny, S.M. (1994) Introducing Contrastive Linguistics. Tehran, Islamic Azad University Press.
There are 18 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects English As A Second Language
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Amir Khalilzadeh This is me

Publication Date April 30, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 2 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Khalilzadeh, A. (2014). PHONETIC AND NON-PHONETIC LANGUAGES: A CONTRASTIVE STUDY OF ENGLISH AND TURKISH PHONOLOGY FOCUSING ON THE ORTHOGRAPHY-INDUCED PRONUNCIATION PROBLEMS OF TURKISH LEARNERS OF ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (TURKISH EFL LEARNERS). International Journal of Languages’ Education and Teaching, 2(1), 1-16.