The effect of borax against Botrytis cinerea, the casual agent grey mold on apple

Abstract

Grey mold caused by Botrytis cinerea is one of the most important post-harvest diseases of apples. In this study, the efficacy of borax (Na2B4O7) salt against B. cinerea was evaluated in in vitro and in vivo. In vitro tests showed that the difference between the inhibitory effects of increasing borax concentrations on the mycelial growth, spore germination and germ tube elongation of B. cinerea was statistically significant (P<0.05). Moreover, mycelial growth, spore germination and germ tube elongation were completely inhibited at 2.0%, 1.0% and 1.0% borax concentrations, respectively. On the other hand, no significant difference was observed between the inhibitory effects of 1% and 2% concentrations of borax on the mycelial growth (P<0.05). The EC50, MIC and MFC values were 0.263%, 1.0% and 1.0%, respectively. In vivo experiments have shown that both protective and curative borax applications significantly reduce the disease development of grey mold compared to control. In general, it was determined that the protective applications against the disease development were superior to the curative applications, and the disease development was reduced by 85.69% and 63.16%, respectively, for both applications at 3% borax concentration. In conclusion, the study findings suggest that borax salt can be used to control apple grey mold.

Keywords

• Malus × domestica
• postharvest
• grey mold
• sodium tetraborate
• alternative control

Elmada kurşuni küfe neden olan Botrytis cinerea’ya karşı boraksın etkisi

Abstract

Botrytis cinerea'nın neden olduğu kurşini küf, elma meyvesinde hasat sonrası en önemli hastalıklardan biridir. Bu çalışmada, boraks (Na2B4O7) B. cinerea'a karşı in vitro etkinliği ve elmada hasat sonrası kurşini küf enfeksiyonlarına karşı koruyucu ve tedavi edici etkinliği için değerlendirilmiştir. In vitro testler B. cinerea'nın misel gelişimi üzerine boraksın artan konsantrasyonlarının engelleyici etkileri arasında önemli farklılıkların olduğunu (P ≤ 0.05), %2.0 konsantrasyonda misel gelişiminin, %1.0 konsantrasyonda ise hem spor çimlenmesinin hem de çim tüp uzamasının tamamen engellendiğini göstermiştir. Boraks fungal patojenin spor çimlenmesini ve çim tüp uzamasını %1.0 konsantrasyonda tamamen engellerken, misel gelişimini %2.0 konsantrasyonda tamamen engellemiştir. B. cinerea'nın misel gelişimi pH 3 ile pH 10 arasında görülmüştür. Boraksın EC50 (misel gelişimini %50 engelleyen konsantrasyon) değeri %0.263 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bunun yanında MIC (minimum engelleyici konsantrasyon) ve MFC (minimum fungisidal konsantrasyon) değerleri ise %2.0 olarak bulunmuştur. In vivo denemelerde, fungus inokulasyonu (1x105 konidi mL-1)’ndan önce (koruyucu), boraksın %3.0 konsantrasyonu uygulanmış elma meyvelerindeki lezyon alanı, kontrol uygulaması ile kıyaslandığında, %85.69’a kadar önemli derecede azalmıştır (P<0.05). Bununla birlikte, aynı konsantrasyonda, fungus ile inokulasyondan sonra (tedavi edici) boraks uygulanmış elma meyvelerindeki lezyon alanı kontrol uygulaması ile kıyaslandığında ancak %63,16 engellenmiştir. Bu bulgular, boraksın, elma meyvesinde sentetik mantar öldürücülerin kullanımının kısmen ikamesi için doğal bir mantar ilacı olarak umut verici olduğunu göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Malus × domestica
• hasat sonu
• kurşuni küf
• sodyum tetraborat
• alternatif mücadele

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