TARIMIN KATMA DEĞERİ ÜZERİNDE DOĞRUDAN YABANCI YATIRIMLARIN ETKİLERİ: GELİŞMEKTE OLAN ÜLKELERDEN KANITLAR

Year 2025, Volume: 21 Issue: 3, 937 - 958, 30.09.2025

Melahat Batu Ağırkaya , Semih Karacan

Abstract

Gelişmekte olan ülkelerin büyüme ve sürdürülebilir kalkınmasında önemli faktörlerden biri olan doğrudan yabancı yatırımların öncelikle gerekli kaynakların yetersizliği durumunda öne çıkarmaktadır. Bu çalışmada gelişmekte olan ülkelerin tarımsal ihracatı üzerinde doğrudan yabancı yatırımların etkisi araştırılmaktadır. Çalışmanın ampirik analizleri gelişmekte ülkeler grubunda yer alan; Arjantin, Brezilya, Çekya, Hindistan, Meksika, Polonya, Güney Afrika, Türkiye, Macaristan, Rusya ülkeleri 1996-2022 dönemi için gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaçla öncelikle yatay kesit bağımsızlığı ve parametre homojenliği testleri yapılarak ikinci nesil birim kök testi ile değişkenlerin durağanlıkları incelenmiş, değişkenlerin farklı mertebede durağan oldukları tespit edildiğinden uzun dönem ilişkisi Pesaran vd. (1999) tarafından önerilen PMG modeli ile tahmin edilmiştir. Hata düzeltme modeli bulguları kısa dönemdeki bozulmaların uzun dönemde ortadan kalktığını; uzun dönemde ticaret açıklığı ve gelen doğrudan dış yatırımların tarımın katma değeri üzerinde pozitif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı etkileri olduğunu, ancak GSYİH’nın uzun dönemde de tarımsal üretimin katma değerinin ekonomideki payını azalttığını göstermektedir.

Keywords

Tarım , Dorudan Yabancı Sermaye Yatrımları , İhracat , Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler , ARDL Sınır Testi

EFFECTS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ON VALUE ADDED IN AGRICULTURE: EVIDENCE FROM DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Abstract

Foreign direct investment, which is one of the important factors in the growth and sustainable development of developing countries, is primarily highlighted in the case of insufficient resources. In this study, the effect of foreign direct investments on agricultural exports of developing countries is investigated. The empirical analyses of the study were carried out in the group of developing countries; Argentina, Brazil, Czechia, India, Mexico, Poland, South Africa, Turkey, Hungary, Russia countries for the period 1996-2022. For this purpose, firstly, cross-sectional independence and parameter homogeneity tests were performed and the stationarity of the variables was examined with the secondgeneration unit root test, and since it was determined that the variables were stationary at different levels, the long-term relationship was estimated with the PMG model proposed by Pesaran et al. (1999). The findings of the error correction model show that short-term deterioration disappears in the long run; It shows that trade deficit and incoming foreign direct investments have positive and statistically significant effects on the added value of agriculture in the long run, but in the long run, GDP reduces the share of the added value of agricultural production in the Economy.

Keywords

Agriculture , Direct Foregin Investment, Export , Developing Countries , ARDL Limit Test

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