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Novel Support Material with Polymeric Ligand for Ion Exchange Chromatography: Synthesis, Characterization and Chromatographic Performance

Year 2019, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 173 - 183, 23.12.2019

Abstract

Within the scope of the study, polymeric ligands
with weak cation exchange carboxyl (-COOH) groups formed on the surface,
designed for High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), monodisperse and
porous poly(2,3-dihydroxypropyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate),
poly(DHPM- co-EDM) particles were tested in Ion Exchange Chromatography (IEC)
mode for chromatographic separation of protein mixtures as a weak cation
exchange column-material.
The synthesis of the
particles obtained for the design of the column support material, which is the
first step of the study carried out in three stages, takes place in four
different sections.
Firstly, monodisperse
polystyrene microgels to form the skeletal structure were synthesized by “Dispersion
Polymerization”, then monodispersed-porous poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethyleneglycol
dimethacrylate), poly(GMA-co-EDM) microspheres with epoxy groups were produced
by using “
multi-stage microsuspension polymerization”. The particles were hydrolyzed in acidic medium
to form the surface in diol form and poly(2,3-dihydroxypropyl
methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate), poly(DHPM-co-EDM) particles were
obtained which were suitable for chromatographic use.
The particles obtained in the last step were
used in the
“Free Radical Grafting Polymerization” (FRGP) method for the
production of polymeric ligand containing carboxyl group.
Poly (DHPM-co-EDM) particles with –OH groups on
the surface are silanated with 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl methacrylate (TMSPM) and
derivatized with methacrylic acid (MAA) to form poly(MAA) ligand on the surface
of poly(DHPM-c-EDM) particles were obtained for ion-exchange chromatography.
The characterization and chromatographic
performance of the particles were investigated in the second and third stages
of the study.
For particles
synthesized by the FRGP method, the average-pore size was 33 nm and the
specific-surface area was 21 m2/g.
Theoretical plate height values ​​between 200-320 µm were obtained for weak
cation exchange column. The peak resolution values ​​in the chromatogram were
found to be above 1.4 for separation as short as 15 minutes. Protein recovery
values ​​were found to be between 90-100% for all proteins.
For
the produced poly(MAA)-grafted-poly(DHPM-co-EDM) column, the BSS values ​​of
the analytes from analysis to analysis and from day to day reproducibility
tests were below 1%. These results showed that synthesized column packed
materials can be successfully used in ion exchange chromatography.
 

References

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  • [2]. Q.C. Wang, F. Svec, J.M.J. Frechet, “Fine Control of the Porous Structure and Chromatographic Properties of Monodispers Macroporous Poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) Beads Prepared Using Polymer Porogens”, Journal of Polymer Science: Part A: Polymer Chemistry, vol. 32, pp. 2577-2588. 1994.
  • [3]. M. Galia, F. Svec, J.M.J. Frechet, “Monodisperse Polymer Beads As Packing Material For High Performance Chromatography: Effect of Divinylbenzene Content on the Porous and Chromotagraphic Properties of Poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) Beads Prepared in the Presence of Lineer Polystyrene as a Porogen”, Journal of Polymer Science: Part A: Polymer Chemistry, vol. 32, pp. 2169-2175. 1994.
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  • [7]. B. Saraçoğlu Kaya, A. Tuncel, “Chromatographic Performance of Weak Cation Exchanger Carrying Molecular Brushes Synthesized by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization”, 1st International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies, ISMSIT, 2017, Paper ID: 341, p. 310.
  • [8]. B. Saraçoğlu Kaya, A. Tuncel, “Chromatographic Performance of Weak Cation Exchanger Carrying Molecular Brushes Synthesized by Reversible Addition Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization”, 1st International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies, ISMSIT, 2017, Paper ID: 342, p. 314.
  • [9]. B. Saraçoğlu Kaya, E. Sağ, “Design of Reversed Phase Chromatography (RPC) Column Packing Material for Protein Separation: Part 1-Synthesis and Characterization”, Cumhuriyet Science Journal vol. 38 (4), pp. 788-797. 2017.
  • [10]. B. Saraçoğlu Kaya, E. Sağ, “Design of Reversed-Phase Chromatography Column Packing Material for Protein Separation: Part 2- Chromatographic Performance”, Cumhuriyet Science Journal vol. 40 (1), pp. 213-220. 2019.
  • [11]. B. Caglayan, E. Unsal, T. Çamlı, M. Tuncel, A. Tuncel, “Monodisperse porous poly(vinyl acetate-co-divinylbenzene) particles by single-stage seeded polymerization: A packing material for reversed phase HPLC”, Journal of Separation Science, vol. 29, pp. 936-934. 2006.
  • [12]. V. Smigol, F. Svec, J.M.J. Frechet, “2-Dimensional High-Performance Liquid-Chromatography Using Monodisperse Polymer Beads Containing Segregated Chemistries Prepared by Pore-Size Specific Functionalization -Single-Column Combinations of Size Exclusion or İon-Exchange With Reversed-Phase Chromatography”, Analytical Chemistry, vol. 66 (23), pp. 4308-4315. 1994.
  • [13]. V. Smigol, F. Svec, J.M.J. Frechet, “High-Performance Liquid Chromatography of Complex mixtures Using Monodisperse Dual-Chemistry Polymer Beads Prepared by a Pore-Size-Specific Functionalization Process. A Single Column Combination of Hydrophobic Interaction and Reversed-Phase Chromatography”, Analytical Chemistry, vol. 66, pp. 2129-2138. 1994.
  • [14]. K. Lewandowski, F. Svec, J.M.J. Frechet, “Polar, A Novel Polar Seperation Medium For The Size Exclusion Chromatography of Small Molecules: Uniformly Sized, Porous Poly(vinylphenol-co-divinylbenzene) Beads”, J. Liq. Chrom. & Rel. Technol., vol. 20, pp. 227-243. 1997.
  • [15]. K. Lewandowski, F. Svec, J.M.J. Frechet, “Polar, Monodisperse, Reactive Beads from Functionalized Metacrylate Monomers by staged Templated Suspension Polymerization”, Chem. Mater., vol. 10, pp. 385-391. 1998.
  • [16]. S.T. Camlı, S. Şenel, A. Tuncel, “Cibacron Blue F3G-A Attached Uniform and Macroporous Poly(styrene-divinlybenzene) Particles For Specific Albumin Adsorption”, J. Biomater. Sci. Polym., vol. 10, pp. 875-889. 1999.
  • [17]. E. Unsal, S.T. Camli, M. Tuncel, S. Senel, A. Tuncel, “Monodisperse-Porous Particles With Different Polarities By Modified Seeded Polymerization and Their Use As Chromatographic Packing In HPLC”, Reactive and Functional Polymers, vol. 61, pp. 353–368. 2004.
  • [18]. E. Unsal, B. Elmas, B. Çağlayan, M. Tuncel, S. Patır, A. Tuncel, “Preparation of An Ion Exchange Chromatographic Support By A New Grafting From Strategy Based on Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization”, Analytical Chemistry, vol. 78, pp. 1-8. 2006.
  • [19]. E. Unsal, T. Irmak, E. Durusoy, M. Tuncel, A. Tuncel, “Monodisperse porous particles with polyionic ligands for ion exchange separation of proteins”, Analytical Chimica Acta, vol. 570, pp. 240-248. 2006.
  • [20]. E. Ünsal, “Yüksek Performanslı Sıvı Kromatografisi İçin Farklı Polaritelere Sahip, Fonksiyonel Gruplu Kolon Dolgu Materyallerinin Sentezi ve Kromatografik Karakterizasyonu”, Doktora Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara, Türkiye, 2006.
  • [21]. M. Petro, F. Svec, , J.M.J. Frechet, “Monodisperse Hydrolized Poly(glycidylmethacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) Beads as a Stationary Phase for Normal-Phase HPLC”, Analytical Chemistry, vol. 69, pp. 3131-3139. 1997.
  • [22]. E. Unsal, E. Uguzdogan, S. Patir, A. Tuncel, “Ion-exchanger synthesis using reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization”, Journal of Separation Science, vol. 32, pp. 1791-1800. 2009.
Year 2019, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 173 - 183, 23.12.2019

Abstract

References

  • [1]. T. Ellingsten, O. Aune, J. Ugelstad, S. Hagen, “Monosized Stationary Phases For Chromatography”, Journal of Chromatography, vol. 535, pp. 147-161. 1990.
  • [2]. Q.C. Wang, F. Svec, J.M.J. Frechet, “Fine Control of the Porous Structure and Chromatographic Properties of Monodispers Macroporous Poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) Beads Prepared Using Polymer Porogens”, Journal of Polymer Science: Part A: Polymer Chemistry, vol. 32, pp. 2577-2588. 1994.
  • [3]. M. Galia, F. Svec, J.M.J. Frechet, “Monodisperse Polymer Beads As Packing Material For High Performance Chromatography: Effect of Divinylbenzene Content on the Porous and Chromotagraphic Properties of Poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) Beads Prepared in the Presence of Lineer Polystyrene as a Porogen”, Journal of Polymer Science: Part A: Polymer Chemistry, vol. 32, pp. 2169-2175. 1994.
  • [4]. F. Svec, J.M.J. Frechet, “New Designs of Macroporous Polymers and Supports: From Seperation to Biocatalysis”, Science, vol. 273, pp. 205-211. 1996.
  • [5]. K. Hossoya, M. Teramachi, N. Tanaka, A. Kobayashi, T. Kanda, Y. Ohtsu, “Preparation Strategy for Uniformly Sized, Polymer-Beads HPLC Packing Materials Having Practically Acceptable Column Efficiency. 1. Copolymerization Technique”, Anal. Chem., vol. 73, pp. 5852-5857. 2001
  • [6]. B. Saraçoğlu Kaya, A. Tuncel, “Chromatographic Performance of Weak Cation Exchanger Synthesized by a Simple Method”, 1st International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies, ISMSIT, 2017, Paper ID: 343, p. 318.
  • [7]. B. Saraçoğlu Kaya, A. Tuncel, “Chromatographic Performance of Weak Cation Exchanger Carrying Molecular Brushes Synthesized by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization”, 1st International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies, ISMSIT, 2017, Paper ID: 341, p. 310.
  • [8]. B. Saraçoğlu Kaya, A. Tuncel, “Chromatographic Performance of Weak Cation Exchanger Carrying Molecular Brushes Synthesized by Reversible Addition Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization”, 1st International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies, ISMSIT, 2017, Paper ID: 342, p. 314.
  • [9]. B. Saraçoğlu Kaya, E. Sağ, “Design of Reversed Phase Chromatography (RPC) Column Packing Material for Protein Separation: Part 1-Synthesis and Characterization”, Cumhuriyet Science Journal vol. 38 (4), pp. 788-797. 2017.
  • [10]. B. Saraçoğlu Kaya, E. Sağ, “Design of Reversed-Phase Chromatography Column Packing Material for Protein Separation: Part 2- Chromatographic Performance”, Cumhuriyet Science Journal vol. 40 (1), pp. 213-220. 2019.
  • [11]. B. Caglayan, E. Unsal, T. Çamlı, M. Tuncel, A. Tuncel, “Monodisperse porous poly(vinyl acetate-co-divinylbenzene) particles by single-stage seeded polymerization: A packing material for reversed phase HPLC”, Journal of Separation Science, vol. 29, pp. 936-934. 2006.
  • [12]. V. Smigol, F. Svec, J.M.J. Frechet, “2-Dimensional High-Performance Liquid-Chromatography Using Monodisperse Polymer Beads Containing Segregated Chemistries Prepared by Pore-Size Specific Functionalization -Single-Column Combinations of Size Exclusion or İon-Exchange With Reversed-Phase Chromatography”, Analytical Chemistry, vol. 66 (23), pp. 4308-4315. 1994.
  • [13]. V. Smigol, F. Svec, J.M.J. Frechet, “High-Performance Liquid Chromatography of Complex mixtures Using Monodisperse Dual-Chemistry Polymer Beads Prepared by a Pore-Size-Specific Functionalization Process. A Single Column Combination of Hydrophobic Interaction and Reversed-Phase Chromatography”, Analytical Chemistry, vol. 66, pp. 2129-2138. 1994.
  • [14]. K. Lewandowski, F. Svec, J.M.J. Frechet, “Polar, A Novel Polar Seperation Medium For The Size Exclusion Chromatography of Small Molecules: Uniformly Sized, Porous Poly(vinylphenol-co-divinylbenzene) Beads”, J. Liq. Chrom. & Rel. Technol., vol. 20, pp. 227-243. 1997.
  • [15]. K. Lewandowski, F. Svec, J.M.J. Frechet, “Polar, Monodisperse, Reactive Beads from Functionalized Metacrylate Monomers by staged Templated Suspension Polymerization”, Chem. Mater., vol. 10, pp. 385-391. 1998.
  • [16]. S.T. Camlı, S. Şenel, A. Tuncel, “Cibacron Blue F3G-A Attached Uniform and Macroporous Poly(styrene-divinlybenzene) Particles For Specific Albumin Adsorption”, J. Biomater. Sci. Polym., vol. 10, pp. 875-889. 1999.
  • [17]. E. Unsal, S.T. Camli, M. Tuncel, S. Senel, A. Tuncel, “Monodisperse-Porous Particles With Different Polarities By Modified Seeded Polymerization and Their Use As Chromatographic Packing In HPLC”, Reactive and Functional Polymers, vol. 61, pp. 353–368. 2004.
  • [18]. E. Unsal, B. Elmas, B. Çağlayan, M. Tuncel, S. Patır, A. Tuncel, “Preparation of An Ion Exchange Chromatographic Support By A New Grafting From Strategy Based on Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization”, Analytical Chemistry, vol. 78, pp. 1-8. 2006.
  • [19]. E. Unsal, T. Irmak, E. Durusoy, M. Tuncel, A. Tuncel, “Monodisperse porous particles with polyionic ligands for ion exchange separation of proteins”, Analytical Chimica Acta, vol. 570, pp. 240-248. 2006.
  • [20]. E. Ünsal, “Yüksek Performanslı Sıvı Kromatografisi İçin Farklı Polaritelere Sahip, Fonksiyonel Gruplu Kolon Dolgu Materyallerinin Sentezi ve Kromatografik Karakterizasyonu”, Doktora Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara, Türkiye, 2006.
  • [21]. M. Petro, F. Svec, , J.M.J. Frechet, “Monodisperse Hydrolized Poly(glycidylmethacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) Beads as a Stationary Phase for Normal-Phase HPLC”, Analytical Chemistry, vol. 69, pp. 3131-3139. 1997.
  • [22]. E. Unsal, E. Uguzdogan, S. Patir, A. Tuncel, “Ion-exchanger synthesis using reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization”, Journal of Separation Science, vol. 32, pp. 1791-1800. 2009.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Berna Saraçoğlu Kaya 0000-0003-4706-5146

Ali Tuncel

Publication Date December 23, 2019
Submission Date November 20, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

IEEE B. Saraçoğlu Kaya and A. Tuncel, “Novel Support Material with Polymeric Ligand for Ion Exchange Chromatography: Synthesis, Characterization and Chromatographic Performance”, IJMSIT, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 173–183, 2019.