Thermophysical Properties of Nanoferrofluid (Fe3O4 –Acetone/Znbr2) as a Working Fluid for Use in Absorption Refrigeration Applications

Year 2021, , 103 - 109, 01.12.2021

Mohamad Mehyo , Hakan Özcan

https://doi.org/10.5541/ijot.949012

Cited By: 3

Abstract

In this paper, thermophysical analyses were achieved for the mixture of (Fe3O4-acetone/ZnBr2) refrigeration working solution and examine its efficiency characteristics as a nanoferrofluid for use in absorption refrigeration applications driven by different low temperatures sources. Where it shows an investigation of the chosen nanoferrofluid containing the preparation, stability, structure, and properties. The reasons behind choosing Fe3O4 nanoparticles are that acetone is a good dispersivity medium for this kind of nanoparticles, also, their excellent thermophysical properties and magnetic property which give an ability to utilize them combined with applying an external magnetic field as a method for long and acceptable suspension stability of these nanoparticles in the base fluid thus enhancement in the heat transfer process in the generator of Absorption Refrigeration System (ARS). As a multi-factor experimental study, the experiments are designed to visually inspect the suspension nanoparticle's stability in the base fluid. Then presenting the thermophysical analysis of different properties of the mixture (thermal conductivity, density, dynamic viscosity, and specific heat capacity). The results elucidate that the studied nanoferrofluid has good dispersion and an enhancement in thermal conductivity that reaches 10.179 % at 0.2 (wt.%) of nanoparticle concentration. Also, by increasing nanoparticle concentration, the density increased, heat capacity decreased, as expected, and viscosity significantly increased.

Keywords

Acetone/ZnBr2, Thermal conductivity, Nanoferrofluid, Thermophysical properties, Fe3O4, ARS

Project Number

PYO.MUH.1904.19.011

References

• J. K. Lee., J. Koo, H. Hong, Y. T. Kang, “The effects of nanoparticles on absorption heat and mass transfer performance in NH3/H2O binary nanofluids”, International Journal of Refrigeration 33, 269–275, 2010.
• L. Yang, K. Du, X. F. Niu, B. Cheng, Y. F. Jiang, “Experimental study on enhancement of ammonia–water falling film absorption by adding nanoparticles”, International Journal of Refrigeration 34, 640–647, 2011.
• W.D. Wu, C.W. Pang, W. Sheng, “Enhancement on NH3/H2O bubble absorption in binary nanofluids by mono nano Ag”, Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering (China) 61, 1112–1117, 2010.
• Y. Cuenca, A. Vernet, M. Valle`s, "Thermal conductivity enhancement of the binary mixture (NH3+LiNO3) by the addition of CNTs". Int J Refrig. 41:113–20, 2014.
• A. Sozen, E. Ozbas, T. Menlik, U. Iskender, C. Kilinc, M. T. Cakir, "Performance investigation of a diffusion absorption refrigeration system using nano-size alumina particles in the refrigerant", International Journal of Exergy, 443-461, 2015.
• L. Yang, D. Du, X. Zhang, (2012). "Influence factors on thermal conductivity of ammonia-water nanofluids" J. Cent. South Univ.19: 1622−1628, 2012.
• E. Nourafkan, M. Asachi, H. Jin, D. Wen, W. Ahmed, "Stability and photo-thermal conversion performance of binary nanofluids for solar absorption refrigeration systems". Renewable Energy 140, 264-273, 2019.
• E. Nourafkana, M. Asachia, H. Gaoa, G. Razaa, D. Wena, "Synthesis of stable iron oxide nanoparticle dispersions in high ionic media". Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 50, 57–7, 2017.
• J. Markhulia, “Some Physical Parameters of PEG-modified Magnetite Nanofluids”. J. Pharm. Appl. Chem. 2, 33–37, 2016.
• D. Farhanian, G.D. Crescenzo, J. R. Tavares, "Large-Scale Encapsulation of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles via Syngas Photo-Initiated Chemical Vapor Deposition". Scientific REPORTS | 8:12223 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-018-30802-1, 2018.
• W. D. Wu, G. Liu, S. X. Chen, H. Zhang, "Nanoferrofluid addition enhances ammonia/water bubble absorption in an external magnetic field", Energy and Buildings 57. 268–277, 2013
• O. Abe, M. Narita, Solid State Ionics 101– 103 103–109, 1997.
• M. Koikea, O. Abeb, "Redox synthesis of magnetite powder under mixing-grinding of metallic iron and hydrated iron oxide", Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1, Nakanarusawa, Hitachi, Ibaraki 316-8511, Japan, 2007.
• S. Ajib, A. Karno, "Thermophysical properties of acetone-zinc bromide for using in a low temperature driven absorption refrigeration machine." Heat and Mass Transfer. 45(1):61–70, 2008.
• H. I. Mohammed, D. Giddings, G. S. Walker, "Thermo-physical properties of the nano-binary fluid (acetone–zinc bromide-ZnO) as a low temperature operating fluid for use in an absorption refrigeration machine". Heat and Mass Transfer, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature, 2020.
• H. I. Mohammed, D. Giddings, G. S. Walker, "Experimental investigation of nanoparticles concentration, boiler temperature and flow rate on flow boiling of zinc bromide and acetone solution in a rectangular duct", International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 130, 710–721, 2019.
• R. Saidur, S. N. Kazi, M. M. Hossain, H. A. Rahman Mohammed, "A review on the performance of nanoparticles suspended with refrigerants and lubricating oils in refrigeration systems". Renew Sustain Energy Rev;15:310–23, 2011.
• D. S. Kumar, R. Elansezhian, "ZnO nanorefrigerant in R152a refrigeration system for energy conservation and green environment". Front Mech Eng; 9(1):75–80,2014.
• R. Lin L., H. Peng, G. Ding, "Dispersion stability of multi- walled carbon nanotubes in refrigerant with addition of surfactant". Appl Therm Eng. 91:163–71, 2015.
• Hyteknoloji Limited, web-based product information accessed at: http://www.hyteknoloji.com/pdf/ultrasonik.pdf. (last accessed November 2020).
• Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany. web-based product information accessed at: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/aldrich/518158?lang=en&region=TR&cm_sp=Insite-_-caSrpResults_srpRecs_srpModel_fe3o4-_-srpRecs3-3 (last accessed November 2020).
• Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. web-based product information accessed at: https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/product/379-0600#/379-0600. (last accessed November 2020).
• Decagon Devices, Inc. web-based product information accessed at: http://manuals.decagon.com/Manuals/13351_KD2%20Pro_Web.pdf (last accessed November 2020).
• A. S. Teja, "Simple method for the calculation of heat capacities of liquid mixtures", J. Chem. Eng. Data, 28, 83-85, 1983.
• S.M. Sohel Murshed, "Determination of effective specific heat of nanofluids". Journal of Experimental Nanoscience. 539–546, October 2011.
• S.Q. Zhou, R. Ni, “Measurement of the specific heat capacity of water-based Al2O3 nanofluid”, ApplPhysLett 92(9):093123, 2008.
• Y. R. Sekhar, K. V. Sharma, “Study of viscosity and specific heat capacity characteristics of water-based Al2O3nanofluids at low particle concentrations”. J ExpNanosci 10(2):86–102, 2015.
• L. Sundar, M. Singh, A. Sousa, "Investigation of thermal conductivity and viscosity of Fe3O4 nanofluid for heat transfer applications". Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf, 44, 7–14, 2013
• JC. Maxwell,“A treatise on electricity and magnetism”. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Oxford University Press; 1904.
• R. Prasher, EP. Phelan, “Brownian motion-based convective-conductive model for the effective thermal conductivity of nanofluids”. ASME J Heat Transf;128:588–595, 2006.
• T. Hong, H.S. Yanga, C.J. Choi, “Study of the enhanced thermal conductivity of Fe nanofluids”, J. Appl. Phys. 97, 064311, 2005.