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Gas turbines for polygeneration? A thermodynamic investigation of a fuel rich gas turbine cycle

Year 2011, Volume: 14 Issue: 4, 185 - 192, 28.11.2011

Abstract

Gas turbines as used nowadays are working far in the fuel lean regime, which is most reasonable for mobile applications, since the formation of pollutants and soot are avoided while the temperatures remain low enough to avoid damage of the turbine. However, from a thermodynamic point of view the exergy utilization is far from optimum at such conditions.

For stationary conditions a different approach may be worth a second thought: the use of gas turbines as chemical reactors for hydrogen and carbon monoxide production in combination with power generation and the utilization of the exhaust enthalpy stream. A gas turbine model cycle is analyzed using complex equilibria including radicals and chemical exergies. Chemical exergies were calculated from equilibrating the gas mixtures at different points in each process with a large excess of moist air. Methane was studied as an exemplary fuel.

Comparing the exergy losses of the idealized gas turbine process, the losses for the fuel rich stoichiometry are lower than at the lean stoichiometry used in gas turbines nowadays. The exact values of the exergetic efficiency depend on the pressure ratio, which was studied in the range of 10 to 30. The hydrogen to carbon monoxide ratio would be typically near 2.2, while the adiabatic flame temperature would be in a range which either would cause no damage to typical gas turbines or could be handled with carbon fiber reinforced carbon. The composition of the gases is likely to change within the turbine, where temperature and enthalpy drops. This was considered in additional calculations where chemical equilibration of the gas mixture in the turbine is considered. The possibility to combine a partial oxidation with an energy conversion process and thus produce syngas mixtures would add an additional flexibility to the gas turbine process, which is worth consideration.

References

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  • Goodwin, D. G. (2003). An open-source, extensible software suite for CVD process simulation. Chemical Vapor Deposition XVI and EUROCVD, 14, 2003-2008.
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  • Jin, H. G., Sun, S., Han, W., & Gao, L. (2009). Proposal of a Cogeneration of Coke, Hydrogen, and Power. Journal Energy System for of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power- Transactions of the ASME, 131(5).
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  • Yamamoto, T., Kobayashi, N., Arai, N., & Tanaka, T. (1997). Effects of pressure on fuel-rich combustion of methane-air under high pressure. Energy Conversion and Management, 38(10-13), 1093-1100.
  • Yamamoto, T., Lior, N., Furuhata, T., & Arai, N. (2007). A novel high-performance low-NO alpha fuel-rich/fuel- lean two-stage combustion gas and steam turbine system for power and heat generation. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part a-Journal of Power and Energy, 221(A4), 433-446.
Year 2011, Volume: 14 Issue: 4, 185 - 192, 28.11.2011

Abstract

References

  • Albrecht, B. A., Kok, J. B. W., & van der Meer, T. H. (2007). Co-production of synthesis gas and power by integration of Partial Oxidation reactor, gas turbine and air separation unit. [Article]. International Journal of Exergy, 4(4), 357-370.
  • Caton, J. A. (2000). On the destruction of availability (exergy) due to combustion processes - with specific application to internal-combustion engines. Energy, 25(11), 1097-1117.
  • Chicco, G., & Mancarefla, P. (2009). Distributed multi- generation: A comprehensive view. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13(3), 535-551.
  • Dunbar, W. R., & Lior, N. (1994). Sources of Combustion Irreversibility. Combustion Science and Technology, 103(1-6), 41-61.
  • Goodwin, D. G. (2003). An open-source, extensible software suite for CVD process simulation. Chemical Vapor Deposition XVI and EUROCVD, 14, 2003-2008.
  • Heyen, G., & Kalitventzeff, B. (1999). A comparison of advanced thermal cycles suitable for upgrading existing power plant. Applied Thermal Engineering 19, 227-237.
  • Jin, H. G., Han, W., & Gao, L. (2007). Multifunctional energy system (MES) with multifossil fuels and multiproducts. Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power-Transactions of the ASME, 129(2), 331-337. Paper]. Journal of
  • Jin, H. G., Sun, S., Han, W., & Gao, L. (2009). Proposal of a Cogeneration of Coke, Hydrogen, and Power. Journal Energy System for of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power- Transactions of the ASME, 131(5).
  • Kotas, T. J. (1995). The exergy method of thermal plant analysis. Company. Krieger Publishing
  • Liszka, M., & Ziebik, A. (2009). Economic optimization of the combined cycle integrated with multi-product gasification Management, 50(2), 309-318. Energy Conversion and
  • Piacentino, A., & Cardona, F. (2008). An original multi- objective criterion for the design of small-scale polygeneration systems based on realistic operating conditions. Applied Thermal Engineering, 28(17-18), 2391-2404.
  • Smith, G. P., Golden, D. M., Frenklach, M., Nigel W. Moriarty, Boris Eiteneer, Mikhail Goldenberg, et al. (2000). from http://www.me.berkeley.edu/gri_mech/
  • Yamamoto, T., Kobayashi, N., Arai, N., & Tanaka, T. (1997). Effects of pressure on fuel-rich combustion of methane-air under high pressure. Energy Conversion and Management, 38(10-13), 1093-1100.
  • Yamamoto, T., Lior, N., Furuhata, T., & Arai, N. (2007). A novel high-performance low-NO alpha fuel-rich/fuel- lean two-stage combustion gas and steam turbine system for power and heat generation. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part a-Journal of Power and Energy, 221(A4), 433-446.
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Invited ECOS 2010 Paper for ECOS Special Issue
Authors

Burak Atakan

Publication Date November 28, 2011
Published in Issue Year 2011 Volume: 14 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Atakan, B. (2011). Gas turbines for polygeneration? A thermodynamic investigation of a fuel rich gas turbine cycle. International Journal of Thermodynamics, 14(4), 185-192.
AMA Atakan B. Gas turbines for polygeneration? A thermodynamic investigation of a fuel rich gas turbine cycle. International Journal of Thermodynamics. November 2011;14(4):185-192.
Chicago Atakan, Burak. “Gas Turbines for Polygeneration? A Thermodynamic Investigation of a Fuel Rich Gas Turbine Cycle”. International Journal of Thermodynamics 14, no. 4 (November 2011): 185-92.
EndNote Atakan B (November 1, 2011) Gas turbines for polygeneration? A thermodynamic investigation of a fuel rich gas turbine cycle. International Journal of Thermodynamics 14 4 185–192.
IEEE B. Atakan, “Gas turbines for polygeneration? A thermodynamic investigation of a fuel rich gas turbine cycle”, International Journal of Thermodynamics, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 185–192, 2011.
ISNAD Atakan, Burak. “Gas Turbines for Polygeneration? A Thermodynamic Investigation of a Fuel Rich Gas Turbine Cycle”. International Journal of Thermodynamics 14/4 (November 2011), 185-192.
JAMA Atakan B. Gas turbines for polygeneration? A thermodynamic investigation of a fuel rich gas turbine cycle. International Journal of Thermodynamics. 2011;14:185–192.
MLA Atakan, Burak. “Gas Turbines for Polygeneration? A Thermodynamic Investigation of a Fuel Rich Gas Turbine Cycle”. International Journal of Thermodynamics, vol. 14, no. 4, 2011, pp. 185-92.
Vancouver Atakan B. Gas turbines for polygeneration? A thermodynamic investigation of a fuel rich gas turbine cycle. International Journal of Thermodynamics. 2011;14(4):185-92.