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Thermoeconomics as a tool for the design and analysis of energy savings initiatives in buildings connected to district heating networks

Year 2012, Volume: 15 Issue: 4, 221 - 229, 12.03.2012

Abstract

District Heating (DH) is a rational way to supply heat to buildings in urban areas. This is expected to play an important role in future energy scenarios, mainly because of the possibility to recover waste heat and to integrate renewable energy sources. Even if DH is a well known technology, there are open problems to face. Some of these problems are related to tendencies to reduce design and operation temperatures, the improvement of control strategies, connection of new users to existing networks, implementation of energy savings initiatives and the access of multiple heat producers to the same network. This paper aims to show that exergy is an appropriate quantity for the analysis of DH systems and thermoeconomics can be profitably used to improve their design and operation. Three possible applications of thermoeconomic theories are presented: variation of supply temperature along the heating season, opportunities to connect new users, effects of energy savings initiatives in buildings connected with the network.

References

  • Rezaie B, Rosen MA. District heating and cooling: Review of technology and potential enhancements. Article in press. Applied Energy (2011), doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.04.020
  • Wiltshire R, J. Williams, S. Werner. European DHC research issues. The 11th International Symposium on District Heating and Cooling, August 31 to September 2, 2008, Reykjavik, ICELAND
  • Woods P., Gunning R., Snoek C., Onno T., Yang L., Ahonen M., Wiltshire R. Optimization of operating temperatures and an appraisal of the benefits of low temperature district heating. Report IEA district heating 1999. www.iea-dhc.org
  • Wiltshire R, Low temperature district energy systems. 16th,, Building Services, Mechanical and Building Industry Days”. International conference, 14-15 october 2011, Debrecen, Hungary
  • Lund H., Möller B., Mathiesen B.V., Dyrelund A,. The role of district heating in future renewable energy systems. Energy, Vol 35, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 1381-1390
  • V. Lottner, M.E. Schulz, E. Hahne (2000). Solar- Assisted District Heating Plants: Status of the German Program SOLARTHERMIE-2000. Solar Energy 69: 449–459
  • Ozgener L., Hepbasli A., Dincer I. (2007) A key review on performance improvement aspects of geothermal district heating systems and applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 11: 1675-1697
  • M.J. Moran, H.N. Shapiro, Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics, 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA, 1998.
  • Ozenger L, Hepbasli A, Dincer I. (2005). Energy and Exergy analysis of geothermal district heating system: an application. Buildings and Environment 40: 1309– 22.
  • H. Torio, D. Schmidt (2010). Development of system concepts for improving performance of waste heat district heating network with exergy analysis. Energy and Buildings 42: 1601-1609
  • Poredoš A., Kitanovski A. Exergy loss as a basis for the price of thermal energy. Energy Conversion and Management 43 (2002) 2163–2173
  • R. A. Gaggioli, W. J. Wepfer, Exergy Economics, Energy, Vol. 5, pp. 823-837 (1980).
  • Y.M. El Sayed (2003). The Thermoeconomics of Energy Conversions. Elsevier.
  • J.H. Keenan (1932) A Steam Chart for Second Law Analysis. Mechanical Engineering 54: 195-204.
  • L. Adamo, G. Cammarata, A. Fichera, L. Marletta (1997). Immprovement of a district heating network through thermoeconomic approach. Renewable Energy 10: 213-216.
  • V. Verda, R. Borchiellini, M. Calì (2001). A Thermoeconomic Approach for the Analysis of District Heating Thermodynamics 4: 183-190. International Journal of
  • V. Verda, C. Ciano (2005). Procedures for the Search of the Optimal Configuration of District Heating Networks. International Journal of Thermodynamics 8: 143-153.
  • Z. Oktay, I. Dincer (2009). Exergoeconomic analysis of the Gonen geothermal district heating system for buildings, Energy and Buildings 41: 154–163.
  • F. Harary, Graph Theory, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi (1995).
  • G. Tsatsaronis, M. Winhold, Exergoeconomic Analysis and Evaluation of energy-conversion. Plants – I. A new general Theory. Energy, Vol.10. N.1, pp. 69- 80 (1985).
  • C. A. Frangopoulos. Thermoeconomic Functional Analysis; a method for the optimal design or improvement of complex thermal systems. Ph. D. Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology. (1983).
  • M.A. Lozano, A. Valero (1993). Theory of the Exergetic Cost. Energy, Vol. 18 No. 9, pp. 939-960.
  • M. Calì, R. Borchiellini (2002). District Heating Network Calculation and Optimization. Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems, UNESCO (paper 3.19.3.8).
  • V. Verda. Thermoeconomic Diagnosis of an Urban District Heating System Based on Cogenerative Steam and Gas Turbines, Ph.D. Thesis, Polytechnic of Turin and University of Zaragoza (2001).
  • A. Bejan, G. Tsatsaronis, M. Moran., Thermal design and Optimization. Wiley. New York (1996).
  • Verda V.; Borchiellini R.; Calì Quaglia M. (2001). A thermoeconomic approach for the analysis of district heating systems. In: International Journal of Applied Thermodynamics. vol. 4, pp. 183-190. - ISSN 1301- 9724
  • Difs K., Trygg L., Pricing district heating by marginal cost. Energy Policy 37 (2009) 606–616
  • Y.M. El-Sayed, R.B. Evans (1970). Thermoeconomics and the Design of Heat Systems. Journal of Engineering for Power. 27-35
  • Y.M. El-Sayed, R.A. Gaggioli (1987). The Integration of Synthesis and Optimization for the Conceptual Designs of Energy Systems. 4th International Symposium on Second Law Analysis of Thermal Systems. Rome. May 25-29.
  • Chia-Hui Chen, course materials for 14.01 Principles of Microeconomics, Fall 2007. MIT OpenCourseWare (http://ocw.mit.edu), Technology. Downloaded on February / 2012. Institute of
Year 2012, Volume: 15 Issue: 4, 221 - 229, 12.03.2012

Abstract

References

  • Rezaie B, Rosen MA. District heating and cooling: Review of technology and potential enhancements. Article in press. Applied Energy (2011), doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.04.020
  • Wiltshire R, J. Williams, S. Werner. European DHC research issues. The 11th International Symposium on District Heating and Cooling, August 31 to September 2, 2008, Reykjavik, ICELAND
  • Woods P., Gunning R., Snoek C., Onno T., Yang L., Ahonen M., Wiltshire R. Optimization of operating temperatures and an appraisal of the benefits of low temperature district heating. Report IEA district heating 1999. www.iea-dhc.org
  • Wiltshire R, Low temperature district energy systems. 16th,, Building Services, Mechanical and Building Industry Days”. International conference, 14-15 october 2011, Debrecen, Hungary
  • Lund H., Möller B., Mathiesen B.V., Dyrelund A,. The role of district heating in future renewable energy systems. Energy, Vol 35, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 1381-1390
  • V. Lottner, M.E. Schulz, E. Hahne (2000). Solar- Assisted District Heating Plants: Status of the German Program SOLARTHERMIE-2000. Solar Energy 69: 449–459
  • Ozgener L., Hepbasli A., Dincer I. (2007) A key review on performance improvement aspects of geothermal district heating systems and applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 11: 1675-1697
  • M.J. Moran, H.N. Shapiro, Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics, 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA, 1998.
  • Ozenger L, Hepbasli A, Dincer I. (2005). Energy and Exergy analysis of geothermal district heating system: an application. Buildings and Environment 40: 1309– 22.
  • H. Torio, D. Schmidt (2010). Development of system concepts for improving performance of waste heat district heating network with exergy analysis. Energy and Buildings 42: 1601-1609
  • Poredoš A., Kitanovski A. Exergy loss as a basis for the price of thermal energy. Energy Conversion and Management 43 (2002) 2163–2173
  • R. A. Gaggioli, W. J. Wepfer, Exergy Economics, Energy, Vol. 5, pp. 823-837 (1980).
  • Y.M. El Sayed (2003). The Thermoeconomics of Energy Conversions. Elsevier.
  • J.H. Keenan (1932) A Steam Chart for Second Law Analysis. Mechanical Engineering 54: 195-204.
  • L. Adamo, G. Cammarata, A. Fichera, L. Marletta (1997). Immprovement of a district heating network through thermoeconomic approach. Renewable Energy 10: 213-216.
  • V. Verda, R. Borchiellini, M. Calì (2001). A Thermoeconomic Approach for the Analysis of District Heating Thermodynamics 4: 183-190. International Journal of
  • V. Verda, C. Ciano (2005). Procedures for the Search of the Optimal Configuration of District Heating Networks. International Journal of Thermodynamics 8: 143-153.
  • Z. Oktay, I. Dincer (2009). Exergoeconomic analysis of the Gonen geothermal district heating system for buildings, Energy and Buildings 41: 154–163.
  • F. Harary, Graph Theory, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi (1995).
  • G. Tsatsaronis, M. Winhold, Exergoeconomic Analysis and Evaluation of energy-conversion. Plants – I. A new general Theory. Energy, Vol.10. N.1, pp. 69- 80 (1985).
  • C. A. Frangopoulos. Thermoeconomic Functional Analysis; a method for the optimal design or improvement of complex thermal systems. Ph. D. Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology. (1983).
  • M.A. Lozano, A. Valero (1993). Theory of the Exergetic Cost. Energy, Vol. 18 No. 9, pp. 939-960.
  • M. Calì, R. Borchiellini (2002). District Heating Network Calculation and Optimization. Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems, UNESCO (paper 3.19.3.8).
  • V. Verda. Thermoeconomic Diagnosis of an Urban District Heating System Based on Cogenerative Steam and Gas Turbines, Ph.D. Thesis, Polytechnic of Turin and University of Zaragoza (2001).
  • A. Bejan, G. Tsatsaronis, M. Moran., Thermal design and Optimization. Wiley. New York (1996).
  • Verda V.; Borchiellini R.; Calì Quaglia M. (2001). A thermoeconomic approach for the analysis of district heating systems. In: International Journal of Applied Thermodynamics. vol. 4, pp. 183-190. - ISSN 1301- 9724
  • Difs K., Trygg L., Pricing district heating by marginal cost. Energy Policy 37 (2009) 606–616
  • Y.M. El-Sayed, R.B. Evans (1970). Thermoeconomics and the Design of Heat Systems. Journal of Engineering for Power. 27-35
  • Y.M. El-Sayed, R.A. Gaggioli (1987). The Integration of Synthesis and Optimization for the Conceptual Designs of Energy Systems. 4th International Symposium on Second Law Analysis of Thermal Systems. Rome. May 25-29.
  • Chia-Hui Chen, course materials for 14.01 Principles of Microeconomics, Fall 2007. MIT OpenCourseWare (http://ocw.mit.edu), Technology. Downloaded on February / 2012. Institute of
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Invited Paper for Special Issue in Honor of Yehia El-Sayed
Authors

Vittorio Verda

Albana Kona This is me

Publication Date March 12, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 15 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Verda, V., & Kona, A. (2012). Thermoeconomics as a tool for the design and analysis of energy savings initiatives in buildings connected to district heating networks. International Journal of Thermodynamics, 15(4), 221-229.
AMA Verda V, Kona A. Thermoeconomics as a tool for the design and analysis of energy savings initiatives in buildings connected to district heating networks. International Journal of Thermodynamics. November 2012;15(4):221-229.
Chicago Verda, Vittorio, and Albana Kona. “Thermoeconomics As a Tool for the Design and Analysis of Energy Savings Initiatives in Buildings Connected to District Heating Networks”. International Journal of Thermodynamics 15, no. 4 (November 2012): 221-29.
EndNote Verda V, Kona A (November 1, 2012) Thermoeconomics as a tool for the design and analysis of energy savings initiatives in buildings connected to district heating networks. International Journal of Thermodynamics 15 4 221–229.
IEEE V. Verda and A. Kona, “Thermoeconomics as a tool for the design and analysis of energy savings initiatives in buildings connected to district heating networks”, International Journal of Thermodynamics, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 221–229, 2012.
ISNAD Verda, Vittorio - Kona, Albana. “Thermoeconomics As a Tool for the Design and Analysis of Energy Savings Initiatives in Buildings Connected to District Heating Networks”. International Journal of Thermodynamics 15/4 (November 2012), 221-229.
JAMA Verda V, Kona A. Thermoeconomics as a tool for the design and analysis of energy savings initiatives in buildings connected to district heating networks. International Journal of Thermodynamics. 2012;15:221–229.
MLA Verda, Vittorio and Albana Kona. “Thermoeconomics As a Tool for the Design and Analysis of Energy Savings Initiatives in Buildings Connected to District Heating Networks”. International Journal of Thermodynamics, vol. 15, no. 4, 2012, pp. 221-9.
Vancouver Verda V, Kona A. Thermoeconomics as a tool for the design and analysis of energy savings initiatives in buildings connected to district heating networks. International Journal of Thermodynamics. 2012;15(4):221-9.