Tunceli İli İçin Üç Boyutlu (3B) Havalimanı Pist Tasarımı Modeli

Abstract

Bu araştırma makalesi, coğrafi olarak zorlu bir topoğrafyaya sahip olan Tunceli ili için bir havalimanı pisti tasarımını ele almaktadır. Çalışma, karmaşık arazilerde geleneksel iki boyutlu (2B) analizlerin yetersizliklerini vurgulamakta ve üç boyutlu (3B) modellemeye dayalı bir karar destek yaklaşımı önermektedir. Bu kapsamda iki alternatif saha değerlendirilmiştir. Geleneksel 2B yöntemlerle analiz edilen ilk saha, aşırı doğal eğim ve belirgin mania penetrasyonları nedeniyle uygun bulunmamıştır. Sayısal Yükseklik Modeli (DEM) verilerinin Blender yazılımında kullanıldığı üç boyutlu ortamda analiz edilen ikinci saha ise, Mania Sınırlandırma Yüzeylerinin (OLS) hacimsel olarak modellenmesine imkân tanımış ve arazi-engel etkileşimlerinin daha gerçekçi biçimde temsil edilmesini sağlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, ICAO Kod 4C sınıfında yer alan ve Türkiye’de iç hat uçuşlarında yaygın olarak kullanılan Boeing 737-800 uçağı, havalimanı pisti tasarımı için referans uçak olarak seçilmiştir. Saha özelindeki rakım ve sıcaklık koşulları dikkate alındığında gerekli pist uzunluğu 3200 metre olarak hesaplanmıştır. Üç boyutlu analizler, kuzey-güney doğrultusundaki pist yerleşiminin yaklaşma, kalkış tırmanışı ve iç yatay yüzey kriterlerinin tamamıyla uyumlu olduğunu göstermiştir. Genel olarak elde edilen sonuçlar, 3B veri odaklı yöntemlerin dağlık bölgelerdeki havalimanı planlamalarında geleneksel 2B yaklaşımlara kıyasla daha güvenilir ve daha hassas bir değerlendirme çerçevesi sunduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

• Havalimanı pist tasarımı
• 3B modelleme
• Blender
• mania analizi

Three-Dimensional (3D) Airport Runway Design Model for Tunceli Province

Abstract

This research article addresses the design of an airport runway for the province of Tunceli, which is characterized by a geographically challenging topography. The study highlights the inadequacies of traditional two-dimensional (2D) analyses in complex terrains and proposes a decision support approach based on three-dimensional (3D) modelling. In this context, two alternative sites were evaluated. The first site, assessed using conventional 2D methods, was found unsuitable due to excessive natural slope and significant obstacle penetrations. The second site, analyzed through a 3D environment using Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data in Blender, enabled the volumetric modelling of Obstacle Limitation Surfaces (OLS) and provided a more realistic representation of terrain-obstacle interactions. In this study, the Boeing 737-800 classified under ICAO Code 4C and widely used in Türkiye’s domestic flights, was selected as the reference aircraft for the airport runway design. Considering site-specific altitude and temperature conditions, the required runway length was calculated as 3200 m. The 3D analyses indicated full compliance with approach, takeoff-climb and inner horizontal surface criteria for the north-south orientation. Overall, the results demonstrate that 3D data-driven methods offer a more reliable and precise framework for airport planning in mountainous regions compared with traditional 2D approaches.

Keywords

• Airport runway design
• 3D modeling
• Blender
• obstacle analysis.

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