ABD Ulusal Güvenlik Stratejilerinin Evrimi: Değişim Dinamikleri ve Stratejik Süreklilik

Abstract

ABD’nin ulusal güvenlik politikaları 1947 yılından itibaren kurumsal yapının konsolidasyonu, 1948’de savunma birimlerinin hiyerarşik yeniden yapılanması ve 1986’da çıkartılan Savunma Bakanlığı Yeniden Yapılandırılması yasaları ile tekamül ettirilerek günümüze ulaşmıştır. Bu kapsamda her Amerikan başkanının seçilmesine müteakip bir Uluslar Güvenlik Stratejisi (NSS) hazırlayarak Kongreye göndermesi zorunlu hale getirilmiştir. Bu zorunluluğa düzenli olarak uyulmamakla birlikte ilki 1987 yılında yayımlanan ve son olarak 2022 kamuoyu ile paylaşılan bu raporlar ABD’nin stratejik vizyonunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu makalede 1947’den itibaren izlenen savunma stratejileri ve politikaları genel çerçeveleri itibariyle ele alınarak ABD’nin savunma vizyonun tarihsel gelişimi ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.

Keywords

• Ulusal Güvenlik
• Ulusal Güvenlik Politikaları
• Ulusal Güvenlik Stratejileri
• ABD

The Evolution of US National Security Strategies: Dynamics of Change and Strategic Continuity

Abstract

The national security policies of the USA have evolved since 1947 with the consolidation of the institutional structure, the hierarchical restructuring of the defense units in 1948, and the Department of Defense Restructuring laws enacted in 1986, and have reached the present day. In this context, it has been made mandatory for every American president to prepare a National Security Strategy (NSS) and submit it to Congress after being elected. Although this obligation is not regularly complied with, these reports, the first of which was published in 1987 and last shared with the public in 2022, reveal the strategic vision of the USA. In this article, the defense strategies and policies pursued since 1947 are discussed in their general frameworks and the historical development of the defense vision of the USA is attempted to be revealed.

Keywords

• National Security
• National Security Policies
• National Security Strategies
• USA

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