Water Security in Syria in 21st Century

Abstract

Water, which constitutes one of the most important international security issues today, has become one of the most significant problem areas with political, economic and social impacts in Syria. Syria has started to experience serious water problems, especially in the 21st century. Although there are different factors that have made water a security problem in the country, climate change, whose effects have been felt more in the Mediterranean region in the new century, and the Arab Spring, which took place in the region in 2010 and affected Syria, have made the water problem more visible in the country. This study aims to reveal the factors that make water a security problem in Syria in the 21st century. The research reveals that both climate change and the Arab Spring have had serious negative impacts on water, resulting in direct negative consequences not only on access to a natural resource such as water, but also on agricultural development and naturally economic development, food security, health security, and ultimately human security. In this way, it is emphasized that water has become a serious security problem in Syria in the 21st century, this situation will continue, and therefore, this problem should be among Syria's priority policy goals and strategies.

Keywords

• Water Security
• Water in Syria
• Climate Change
• Syrian Civil War

21. Yüzyılda Suriye’de Su Güvenliği

Abstract

Günümüzde önemli uluslararası güvenlik konularından birini oluşturan su, Suriye’de siyasi, ekonomik, toplumsal etkileri olan önemli sorun alanlarından biri haline gelmiştir. Suriye, özellikle 21. yüzyılda ciddi su sorunu yaşamaya başlamıştır. Ülkede suyu güvenlik sorunu haline getiren farklı etmenler bulunmakla beraber yeni yüzyılda Akdeniz bölgesinde etkileri daha fazla hissedilen iklim değişikliği ile 2010’da bölgede vukuu bulan ve Suriye’yi etkisi altına alan Arap Baharı, su sorununu ülkede daha görünür hale getirmiştir. Çalışmada 21. yüzyılda Suriye’de suyu güvenlik sorunu haline getiren unsurların neler olduğunun ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada gerek iklim değişikliğinin gerekse Arap Baharı’nın su üzerinde ciddi olumsuz etkiler yaratarak su gibi doğal bir kaynağa yalnızca erişim noktasında değil tarımsal kalkınma ve doğal olarak ekonomik kalkınma, gıda güvenliği, sağlık güvenliği, nihai olarak insani güvenlik üzerinde doğrudan olumsuz sonuçlar doğurduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu şekilde 21. yüzyılda Suriye’de suyun ciddi güvenlik sorunu haline geldiği, bu durumun devam edeceği ve bu nedenle söz konusu sorunun Suriye’nin öncelikli politika hedef ve stratejileri arasında yer alması gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır.

Keywords

• Su Güvenliği
• Suriye'de Su
• İklim Değişikliği
• Suriye İç Savaşı

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