Essential Oil and Fatty Acid Composition of Centaurea solstitialis ssp. solstitialis

Abstract

Centaurea is a widespread genus from Asteraceae family in Turkey. There are plenty of researches about fatty acid and essential oil profiles of Centaurea species. Essential oils were obtained using a Clevenger apparatus by hydrodistillation from aerial part of the plant. The essential oil composition of the plant was identified by GC-MS using FID detector. 31 compounds representing 91.5% were identified. Hexadecanoic acid (50.2%) and tetradecanoic acid (10.1%) were found to be the major compounds. For fatty acids, fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were prepared. The fatty acid compositions were analyzed by GC. Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) were totally 25.05%, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) were 19.60% and polyunsaturated fatty acids were 19.86%. The major compounds were found as oleic acid (18.54%), linoleic acid (10.07%), palmitic acid (8.28%), stearic acid (6.82%) and ℽ- linoleic acid (6.75%).

Keywords

• Centaurea
• essential oil
• fatty acid

Essential Oil and Fatty Acid Composition of Centaurea solstitialis ssp. solstitialis

Abstract

Centaurea is a widespread genus from Asteraceae family in Turkey. There are plenty of researches about fatty acid and essential oil profiles of Centaurea species. Essential oils were obtained using a Clevenger apparatus by hydrodistillation from aerial part of the plant. The essential oil composition of the plant was identified by GC-MS using FID detector. 31 compounds representing 91.5% were identified. Hexadecanoic acid (50.2%) and tetradecanoic acid (10.1%) were found to be the major compounds. For fatty acids, fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were prepared. The fatty acid compositions were analyzed by GC. Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) were totally 25.05%, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) were 19.60% and polyunsaturated fatty acids were 19.86%. The major compounds were found as oleic acid (18.54%), linoleic acid (10.07%), palmitic acid (8.28%), stearic acid (6.82%) and ℽ- linoleic acid (6.75%).

Keywords

• Centaurea
• essential oil
• fatty acid

References

1. Davis PH. (1975). Flora of Turkey. Edinburgh: 484–585.
2. Davis PH. (1984). Flora of Turkey. Edinburgh:166–168.
3. Çakılcıoğlu, U., Türkoğlu, İ., Kurşat, M. (2007). Harput (Elazığ) ve çevresindeki bazı bitkilerin etnobotanik özellikleri, Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi Araştırmaları, 5, 22-28.
4. Gülcemal, D., Alankuş-Çalışkan, O., Karaalp, C., Ors, A.U., Ballar, P., Bedir, E. (2010). Phenolic Glycosides with antiproteasomal activity from Centaurea urvillei DC. subsp. urvillei, Carbohydrate Researchs, 345, 2529-2533.
5. Nowak, G. (1993). Isolatıon and chromatography of 15-deoxyrepın and 25 other sesquıterpene lactones from Centaurea bella trautv, Acta Societatis Botinacorum Poloniae, 62, 33-36.
6. Christensen, L.P., Lam, J. (1991). Acetylenes and other constituents from Centaurea species, Phytochemistry, 30, 3289-3292.
7. Tekeli, Y., Zengin, G., Aktumsek, A., Sezgin M. (2017). Comparison of the fatty acid compositions of Six Centaurea species. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 49 (3), 496-498.
8. Lazari, D., Skaltsa, H., Constantinidis, T. (2000). Volatile constituents of Centaurea pelia DC., C-thessala Hausskn. subsp drakiensis (Freyn & Sint.) Georg. and C-zuccariniana DC. from Greece, Flavour and Fragnance Journal, 15, 7-11.

9. Zengin, G., Guler, G.O., Cakmak, Y.S., Aktumsek, A. (2011). Antioxidant capacity and fatty acid profile of Centaurea kotschyi (Boiss. & Heldr.) Hayek var. (Boiss.) Wagenitz from Turkey, Grasas y Aceites, 62 (1), 90-95.
10. Akbar, E., Abdolhossein, R., Mohammad, T.A., Nasrin, M., Shiva, M. Hamzeh, A. (2006). Composition of the essential oils of Xanthium strumarium L. and Centaurea solstitalis L. from Iran, Journal of Essential Oil Research, 18, 427-429.
11. Lazari, D., Skaltsa, H., Constantinidis, T. (1999). Volatile constituents of Centaurea raphanina Sm. subsp mixta (DC.) Runemark and C. spruneri Boiss. & Heldr. (Asteraceae), growing wild in Greece, Flavour and Fragnance Journal, 14, 415-8.
12. Ertas, A., Gören, A.C., Boga, M., Demirci, S., Kolak, U. (2014). Chemical composition of the essential oils of three Centaurea species growing wild in Anatolia and their anticholinesterase activities, Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 17, 922-6.