Research Article
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Year 2022, , 63 - 70, 31.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.1034318

Abstract

References

  • Andreassen, C. S., Pallesen, S., & Griffiths, M. D. (2017). The relationship between addictive use of social media, narcissism, and self-esteem: Findings from a large national survey. Addictive Behaviors, 64, 287-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.03.006
  • Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88(3), 588-606. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.88.3.588
  • Calogero, R. M., Tantleff-Dunn, S., & Thompson, J. K. (2011). Self-objectification in women: Causes, consequences, and counteractions (1st ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/12304-000
  • Choukas-Bradley, S., Nesi, J., Widman, L., & Higgins, M. K. (2018). Camera-ready:Young women’s appearance-related social media consciousness. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 8(4), 473–481. doi:10.1037/ppm0000196.
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.) Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Deighton-Smith, N., & Bell, B. T. (2017). Objectifying fitness: A content and thematic analysis of #Fitspiration images on social media. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000143
  • Digital 2021 in Turkey. (2021, 25 May). Erişim adresi https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2021-turkey
  • Erbiçer, E. S. (2020). Siber zorbalık ve siber mağduriyetin sosyal uyuma ve bazı demografik değişkenlere göre incelenmesi. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 49, 190-222. https://doi.org/10.9779/pauefd.559831
  • Fardouly, J., Diedrichs, P. C., Vartanian, L. R., & Halliwell, E. (2015). The mediating role of appearance comparisons in the relationship between media usage and self-objectification in young women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 39, 447-457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361684315581841
  • Fardouly, J., Pinkus, R. T., & Vartanian, L. R. (2017). The impact of appearance comparisons made through social media, traditional media, and in person in women’s everyday lives. Body Image, 20, 31-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.11.002
  • Fox, J., & Vendemia, M. A. (2016). Selective self-presentation and social comparison through photographs on social networking sites. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 19(10), 593-600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2016.0248
  • Gündüz, B., & Sağlam, N. (2020). Ergenlerde sosyal görünüş kaygısı, ebeveyn ve akrana bağlanmanın depresyonu yordamadaki katkısı. Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(1), 243-267. https://doi.org/10.26468/trakyasobed.625074
  • Hendrickse, J., Arpan, L. M., Clayton, R. B., & Ridgway, J. L. (2017). Instagram and college women's body image: Investigating the roles of appearance-related comparisons and intrasexual competition. Computers in Human Behavior, 74, 92-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.04.027
  • Hu L.T., & Bentler P.M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
  • IBM Corp. (2019). IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows. Version 22.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.
  • Işık, M., & Kaptangil, İ. (2018). Akıllı telefon bağımlılığının sosyal medya kullanımı ve beş faktör kişilik özelliği ile ilişkisi: üniversite öğrencileri üzerinden bir araştırma. Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches, 7(2), 695-717.
  • Jöreskog, K.G. & Sörbom, D. (2006). LISREL 8.80 for Windows. Version 8.80. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific Software International, Inc. Kleemans, M., Daalmans, S., Carbaat, I., & Anschütz, D. (2018). Picture perfect: The direct effect of manipulated Instagram photos on body image in adolescent girls. Media Psychology, 21, 93- 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2016.1257392
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling, (3rd ed.). The Guilford Press.
  • Manago, A. M., Ward, L. M., Lemm, K. M., Reed, L., & Seabrook, R. (2015). Facebook involvement, objectified body consciousness, body shame, and sexual assertiveness in college women and men. Sex Roles, 72, 1-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11199-014-0441-1
  • Meier, E. P., & Gray, J. (2014). Facebook photo activity associated with body image disturbance in adolescent girls. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17, 199-206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2013.0305
  • Nesi, J., Choukas-Bradley, S., & Prinstein, M. J. (2018a). Transformation of adolescent peer relations in the social media context: Part 1—A theoretical review and application to dyadic peer relationships. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-018-0261-x
  • Nesi, J., Choukas-Bradley, S., & Prinstein, M. J. (2018b). Transformation of adolescent peer relations in the social media context: Part 2—Application to peer group processes and future directions for research. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-018-0262-9
  • Özcan, H., Subaşı, B., Budak, B., Çelik, M., Gürel, Ş., Yıldız, M. (2013). Ergenlik ve genç yetişkinlik dönemindeki kadınlarda benlik saygısı, sosyal görünüş kaygısı, depresyon ve anksiyete ilişkisi. Journal Of Mood Disorders, 3(3), 107-113. https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20130507015148
  • Raykov, T., & Marcoulides, G. A. (2000). A first course in structural equation modeling. Mahwah. NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Rideout, V., & Robb, M. B. (2018). Social media, social life: Teens reveal their experiences Retrieved from Common Sense Media:. https://www.commonsensemedia.org/sites/default/files/uploads/research/2018_cs_socialmediasociallife_executivesummary-final-release_3_lowres.pdf
  • Salvucci, S., Walter, E., Conley, V., Fink, S., & Saba, M. (1997). Measurement Error Studies at the National Center for Education Statistics. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED410313.pdf
  • Slater, A., & Tiggemann, M. (2015). Media exposure, extracurricular activities, and appearancerelated comments as predictors of female adolescents' self-objectification. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 39, 375-389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361684314554606
  • Steiger, J. H. (1990). Structural model evaluation and modification: An interval estimation approach. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 25(2), 173-180. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327906mbr2502_4
  • Tabachnick. B., & Fidell. L. (2012). Using multivariate statistics. Boston: Allyn and Bacon
  • Tezbaşaran, A. (1997). Likert tipi ölçek hazırlama kılavuzu. Ankara: Türk Psikologlar Derneği.
  • Yang, Y., & Green, S.B. (2011). Coefficient Alpha: A reliability coefficient for the 21st century? Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 29(4) 377-392.https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282911406668
  • Vandenbosch, L., & Eggermont, S. (2012). Understanding sexual objectification: A comprehensive approach toward media exposure and girls' internalization of beauty ideals, selfobjectification, and body surveillance. Journal of Communication, 62, 869-887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01667.x
  • Vogel, E. A., Rose, J. P., Roberts, L. R., & Eckles, K. (2014). Social comparison, social media, and self-esteem. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 3(4), 206-222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000047
  • Vieira, A. L. (2011). Interactive LISREL in practice. Heidelberg: Springer.
  • Zheng, D., Ni, X., & Luo, Y. (2019). Selfie posting on social networking sites andfemale adolescents’ self-objectification: The moderating role of imaginary audience ideation. Sex Roles, 80(5-6), 325–331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11199-018-0937-1
  • Doğan, T. (2011). Sosyal Görünüş Kaygısı Ölçeği'nin Psikometrik Özelliklerinin Ergenlerden Oluşan Bir Örneklemde İncelenmesi. Ilkogretim Online, 10(1). 12-19. http://ilkogretim-online.org.tr
  • Hart, T. A., Flora, D. B., Palyo, S. A., Fresco, D. M., Holle, C., & Heimberg, R. G. (2008). Development and examination of the social appearance anxiety scale. Assessment, 15(1), 48-59. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191107306673
  • Choukas-Bradley, S., Nesi, J., Widman, L., & Galla, B. M. (2020). The appearance-related social media consciousness scale: Development and validation with adolescents. Body Image, 33, 164-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.02.017
  • Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33(3), 335-343. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(94)00075-U
  • Sarıçam, H. (2018). The psychometric properties of Turkish version of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) in health control and clinical samples. Journal of Cognitive Behavioral Psychoterapy and Research 7(1). 19-30. https://doi.org/10.5455/JCBPR.274847

Adaptation of appearance-related social media consciousness scale into Turkish: A validity and reliability study on adolescents

Year 2022, , 63 - 70, 31.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.1034318

Abstract

This study aims to adapt the Appearance-Related Social Media Consciousness Scale (ASMC), developed by Choukas-Bradley et al. (2020), into Turkish and carry out validity, reliability, and standard-setting studies on adolescents. The study was conducted on 444 adolescents, 296 of whom were girls. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine the scale's construct validity. Correlation analysis was performed for criterion validity, and Cronbach alpha and composite reliability coefficients were calculated for reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis results showed that the scale fits perfectly. The scale showed a moderate positive correlation with social appearance anxiety, depression, anxiety, and stress. In addition, the reliability coefficients were over .90. The results indicated that ASMC has good psychometric properties.

References

  • Andreassen, C. S., Pallesen, S., & Griffiths, M. D. (2017). The relationship between addictive use of social media, narcissism, and self-esteem: Findings from a large national survey. Addictive Behaviors, 64, 287-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.03.006
  • Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88(3), 588-606. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.88.3.588
  • Calogero, R. M., Tantleff-Dunn, S., & Thompson, J. K. (2011). Self-objectification in women: Causes, consequences, and counteractions (1st ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/12304-000
  • Choukas-Bradley, S., Nesi, J., Widman, L., & Higgins, M. K. (2018). Camera-ready:Young women’s appearance-related social media consciousness. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 8(4), 473–481. doi:10.1037/ppm0000196.
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.) Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Deighton-Smith, N., & Bell, B. T. (2017). Objectifying fitness: A content and thematic analysis of #Fitspiration images on social media. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000143
  • Digital 2021 in Turkey. (2021, 25 May). Erişim adresi https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2021-turkey
  • Erbiçer, E. S. (2020). Siber zorbalık ve siber mağduriyetin sosyal uyuma ve bazı demografik değişkenlere göre incelenmesi. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 49, 190-222. https://doi.org/10.9779/pauefd.559831
  • Fardouly, J., Diedrichs, P. C., Vartanian, L. R., & Halliwell, E. (2015). The mediating role of appearance comparisons in the relationship between media usage and self-objectification in young women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 39, 447-457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361684315581841
  • Fardouly, J., Pinkus, R. T., & Vartanian, L. R. (2017). The impact of appearance comparisons made through social media, traditional media, and in person in women’s everyday lives. Body Image, 20, 31-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.11.002
  • Fox, J., & Vendemia, M. A. (2016). Selective self-presentation and social comparison through photographs on social networking sites. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 19(10), 593-600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2016.0248
  • Gündüz, B., & Sağlam, N. (2020). Ergenlerde sosyal görünüş kaygısı, ebeveyn ve akrana bağlanmanın depresyonu yordamadaki katkısı. Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(1), 243-267. https://doi.org/10.26468/trakyasobed.625074
  • Hendrickse, J., Arpan, L. M., Clayton, R. B., & Ridgway, J. L. (2017). Instagram and college women's body image: Investigating the roles of appearance-related comparisons and intrasexual competition. Computers in Human Behavior, 74, 92-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.04.027
  • Hu L.T., & Bentler P.M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
  • IBM Corp. (2019). IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows. Version 22.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.
  • Işık, M., & Kaptangil, İ. (2018). Akıllı telefon bağımlılığının sosyal medya kullanımı ve beş faktör kişilik özelliği ile ilişkisi: üniversite öğrencileri üzerinden bir araştırma. Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches, 7(2), 695-717.
  • Jöreskog, K.G. & Sörbom, D. (2006). LISREL 8.80 for Windows. Version 8.80. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific Software International, Inc. Kleemans, M., Daalmans, S., Carbaat, I., & Anschütz, D. (2018). Picture perfect: The direct effect of manipulated Instagram photos on body image in adolescent girls. Media Psychology, 21, 93- 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2016.1257392
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling, (3rd ed.). The Guilford Press.
  • Manago, A. M., Ward, L. M., Lemm, K. M., Reed, L., & Seabrook, R. (2015). Facebook involvement, objectified body consciousness, body shame, and sexual assertiveness in college women and men. Sex Roles, 72, 1-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11199-014-0441-1
  • Meier, E. P., & Gray, J. (2014). Facebook photo activity associated with body image disturbance in adolescent girls. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17, 199-206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2013.0305
  • Nesi, J., Choukas-Bradley, S., & Prinstein, M. J. (2018a). Transformation of adolescent peer relations in the social media context: Part 1—A theoretical review and application to dyadic peer relationships. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-018-0261-x
  • Nesi, J., Choukas-Bradley, S., & Prinstein, M. J. (2018b). Transformation of adolescent peer relations in the social media context: Part 2—Application to peer group processes and future directions for research. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-018-0262-9
  • Özcan, H., Subaşı, B., Budak, B., Çelik, M., Gürel, Ş., Yıldız, M. (2013). Ergenlik ve genç yetişkinlik dönemindeki kadınlarda benlik saygısı, sosyal görünüş kaygısı, depresyon ve anksiyete ilişkisi. Journal Of Mood Disorders, 3(3), 107-113. https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20130507015148
  • Raykov, T., & Marcoulides, G. A. (2000). A first course in structural equation modeling. Mahwah. NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Rideout, V., & Robb, M. B. (2018). Social media, social life: Teens reveal their experiences Retrieved from Common Sense Media:. https://www.commonsensemedia.org/sites/default/files/uploads/research/2018_cs_socialmediasociallife_executivesummary-final-release_3_lowres.pdf
  • Salvucci, S., Walter, E., Conley, V., Fink, S., & Saba, M. (1997). Measurement Error Studies at the National Center for Education Statistics. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED410313.pdf
  • Slater, A., & Tiggemann, M. (2015). Media exposure, extracurricular activities, and appearancerelated comments as predictors of female adolescents' self-objectification. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 39, 375-389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361684314554606
  • Steiger, J. H. (1990). Structural model evaluation and modification: An interval estimation approach. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 25(2), 173-180. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327906mbr2502_4
  • Tabachnick. B., & Fidell. L. (2012). Using multivariate statistics. Boston: Allyn and Bacon
  • Tezbaşaran, A. (1997). Likert tipi ölçek hazırlama kılavuzu. Ankara: Türk Psikologlar Derneği.
  • Yang, Y., & Green, S.B. (2011). Coefficient Alpha: A reliability coefficient for the 21st century? Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 29(4) 377-392.https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282911406668
  • Vandenbosch, L., & Eggermont, S. (2012). Understanding sexual objectification: A comprehensive approach toward media exposure and girls' internalization of beauty ideals, selfobjectification, and body surveillance. Journal of Communication, 62, 869-887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01667.x
  • Vogel, E. A., Rose, J. P., Roberts, L. R., & Eckles, K. (2014). Social comparison, social media, and self-esteem. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 3(4), 206-222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000047
  • Vieira, A. L. (2011). Interactive LISREL in practice. Heidelberg: Springer.
  • Zheng, D., Ni, X., & Luo, Y. (2019). Selfie posting on social networking sites andfemale adolescents’ self-objectification: The moderating role of imaginary audience ideation. Sex Roles, 80(5-6), 325–331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11199-018-0937-1
  • Doğan, T. (2011). Sosyal Görünüş Kaygısı Ölçeği'nin Psikometrik Özelliklerinin Ergenlerden Oluşan Bir Örneklemde İncelenmesi. Ilkogretim Online, 10(1). 12-19. http://ilkogretim-online.org.tr
  • Hart, T. A., Flora, D. B., Palyo, S. A., Fresco, D. M., Holle, C., & Heimberg, R. G. (2008). Development and examination of the social appearance anxiety scale. Assessment, 15(1), 48-59. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191107306673
  • Choukas-Bradley, S., Nesi, J., Widman, L., & Galla, B. M. (2020). The appearance-related social media consciousness scale: Development and validation with adolescents. Body Image, 33, 164-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.02.017
  • Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33(3), 335-343. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(94)00075-U
  • Sarıçam, H. (2018). The psychometric properties of Turkish version of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) in health control and clinical samples. Journal of Cognitive Behavioral Psychoterapy and Research 7(1). 19-30. https://doi.org/10.5455/JCBPR.274847
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ali Çetinkaya 0000-0001-6029-5021

Ahmet Metin 0000-0001-6519-2523

Eyüp Sabır Erbiçer 0000-0001-8253-7212

Emine Yavuz 0000-0002-1991-1416

Publication Date January 31, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022

Cite

APA Çetinkaya, A., Metin, A., Erbiçer, E. S., Yavuz, E. (2022). Adaptation of appearance-related social media consciousness scale into Turkish: A validity and reliability study on adolescents. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 8(1), 63-70. https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.1034318
AMA Çetinkaya A, Metin A, Erbiçer ES, Yavuz E. Adaptation of appearance-related social media consciousness scale into Turkish: A validity and reliability study on adolescents. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research. January 2022;8(1):63-70. doi:10.24289/ijsser.1034318
Chicago Çetinkaya, Ali, Ahmet Metin, Eyüp Sabır Erbiçer, and Emine Yavuz. “Adaptation of Appearance-Related Social Media Consciousness Scale into Turkish: A Validity and Reliability Study on Adolescents”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research 8, no. 1 (January 2022): 63-70. https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.1034318.
EndNote Çetinkaya A, Metin A, Erbiçer ES, Yavuz E (January 1, 2022) Adaptation of appearance-related social media consciousness scale into Turkish: A validity and reliability study on adolescents. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research 8 1 63–70.
IEEE A. Çetinkaya, A. Metin, E. S. Erbiçer, and E. Yavuz, “Adaptation of appearance-related social media consciousness scale into Turkish: A validity and reliability study on adolescents”, International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 63–70, 2022, doi: 10.24289/ijsser.1034318.
ISNAD Çetinkaya, Ali et al. “Adaptation of Appearance-Related Social Media Consciousness Scale into Turkish: A Validity and Reliability Study on Adolescents”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research 8/1 (January 2022), 63-70. https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.1034318.
JAMA Çetinkaya A, Metin A, Erbiçer ES, Yavuz E. Adaptation of appearance-related social media consciousness scale into Turkish: A validity and reliability study on adolescents. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research. 2022;8:63–70.
MLA Çetinkaya, Ali et al. “Adaptation of Appearance-Related Social Media Consciousness Scale into Turkish: A Validity and Reliability Study on Adolescents”. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, vol. 8, no. 1, 2022, pp. 63-70, doi:10.24289/ijsser.1034318.
Vancouver Çetinkaya A, Metin A, Erbiçer ES, Yavuz E. Adaptation of appearance-related social media consciousness scale into Turkish: A validity and reliability study on adolescents. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research. 2022;8(1):63-70.

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