Gazetecilerin Alternatif Bir Medya Olarak Twitter’ı Kullanım Düzeyi: Washington Post Örneği

Year 2017, Issue: 45, 263 - 287, 14.12.2017

Uğur Bakan

https://izlik.org/JA84SF36TS

Abstract

Son yirmi yılda gerçekleşen teknolojik gelişmeler, gazetecilere hikâyeleri yeni perspektiflerden anlatmalarını ve daha geniş kitlelere dağıtmalarını sağlamıştır. Geleneksel medya ve yeni medya platformları arasındaki içerik paylaşımı, haber miktarı ve hızı açısından bir sinerji olarak algılanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Washington Post’un sekiz yazarının gazete yazıları ve kişisel Twitter paylaşımları Ocak-Mart 2017 tarihleri arasında üç aylık bir dönemde değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen ham veriler iki bağımsız araştırmacı tarafından metin madenciliğinden tekniğiyle on sekiz kategoriye göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde sırasıyla frekans ve ortalama istatiksel işlemler uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca değişken gruplar arasındaki arasında etki düzeyinin belirlenmesi için Ki-Kare ve yazarların gazete yazıları ile sosyal medya paylaşımları arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek için ise Cosine theta indeksi değer aralığı (-1, +1) kullanılmıştır. Ed O’Keefe (r=0,296), Philip Rucker (r=0,682) ve Robert Barnes (r=0.000)’ın gazete yazıları ve Twitter paylaşımları arasında anlamlı bir benzerlik bulunmazken, Carolyn Johnson (r=1.000) ve Sari Horwitz’in (r=1.000) gazete ve sosyal medya yazıları önemli bir benzerlik göstermiştir. Bu sonuçlar haber içeriklerinin doğrulu veya tarafsızlığından ziyade farklılıkların hangi konular üzerinde yoğunlaştığını belirlemeye odaklanmaktadır. Philip Rucker, Robert Barnes ve Ed O’Keefe’nin özellikle siyasal, uluslararası politika ve yasal düzenlemelerle ilgili konularda Twitter’ı alternatif bir medya olarak kullandıkları görülmüştür.

Keywords

Alternatif Medya , Sosyal Medya , İnternet Gazeteciliği , Twitter , İçerik Benzerliği Analizi.

The Level of Journalists Using Twitter As an Alternative Media Tool: The Washington Post Cases

https://izlik.org/JA84SF36TS

Abstract

Technological developments over the past two decades have allowed journalists to tell stories from new perspectives and distribute them to wider masses. Content sharing between traditional media and new media platforms is perceived as a synergy in terms of news volume and speed. In this study, eight newspaper writers of Washington Post and their personal Twitter shares were evaluated over a three-month period from January to March 2017. The raw data obtained were classified into eight category by two independent investigators, using text mining. The data was analyzed descriptively (e.g. frequency and mean scores). In addition, the Cosine theta index value range (-1, +1) was used to determine the relationship between newspaper articles and social media sharings while Chi-square was used to determinbe the level of influence between groups. While there was no significant similarity between Ed O’Keefe (r=0,296), Philip Rucker (r=0,682) and Robert Barnes (r=0.000) in newspaper articles and Twitter shares, there was a significant similiary between Carolyn Johnson (r=1.000) and Sari Horwitz (r =1.000) newspapers and social media articles. These results indicated that what issues are most intensely focused on instead of the authenticity or impartiality of the news content. Philip Rucker, Robert Barnes, and Ed O’Keefe have used Twitter as an alternative media, especially in matters related to political, international policy and legal regulation.

Keywords

Traditional Media , Social Media , Internet Journalism , Twitter , Content Similarity Analysis

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