Eleştirel Ekonomi Politik Bakış Açısından Medyada Tekelleşme Sorunu

Year 2019, Issue: 48, 404 - 418, 28.06.2019

Levent Yaylagül

Abstract

Bu makalede eleştirel ekonomi politik bir bakış açısıyla medya alanındaki tekelleşme sorunu,tarihsel ve nitel bir yaklaşımla incelenmiştir. Buna göre, 1980’li yıllarda neo-liberal politikalar çerçevesinde medya alanı piyasa ilişkileri çerçevesinde düzenlenerek özelleştirilmiştir ve kuralsızlaştırılmıştır. Teoride kuralsızlaştırma ve özelleştirme, medya içeriklerinin üretim ve dağıtımında çeşitliliği artıracağı ve böylece topluma daha çeşitli içerik ve bilgi sunacağı varsayılmıştır. Ancak özelleştirme ve kuralsızlaştırma politikaları sonucunda, içeriklerin üretim ve dağıtımında çeşitlilik ortaya çıkmamıştır. Özelleştirme ve kuralsızlaştırma politikalarına dayanan neo-liberalizm, ticari ve kurumsal ihtiyaçları her türlü toplumsal ihtiyacın üzerine koyan ve pazar mekanizmasının giderek egemen ahlak ve toplumun örgütlenme biçimi haline geldiği ortamlarda, az sayıdaki çokuluslu tekelci medya holdinginin egemen olduğu medya yapısı üretilen içerikleri sınırlama ihtimali vardır. Medya alanını, içeriğini ve dağıtımını ne kadar az şirket kontrol ederse o kadar az çeşitlilik ve bilgi üzerinde sınırlama olur. Ticari ve siyasi iktidarın tekelleşmesi demokrasi için potansiyel tehlikedir. Politik nüfuzun ve ekonomik çıkarların, medya alanındaki farklılık ve çeşitliliği yok ettiği görülmektedir.

Keywords

Neo-liberalizm, Özelleştirme, Kuralsızlaştırma, Tekelleşme, Eleştirel Ekonomi Politik.

The Problem of Concentration in the Field of Media From a Critical Political Economy Perspective

Abstract

In this article, the problem of monopolization in the field of media has been examined with a historical and qualitative approach. Accordingly, in the 1980s, within the framework of neo-liberal policies, the media space is organized and marketed within the framework of market relations. In theory, it is assumed that deregulation and privatization will increase diversity in the production and distribution of media contents, and thus offer a more variation and diverse range of content and information to society. However, as a result of privatization and deregulation policies, there was no variation in content production and distribution. Based on the policies of privatization and deregulation, neo-liberalism has the potential to limit the content, allowing a small number of multinational media holding to produce and distribute media content in such a way that the commercial and institutional needs are placed on all kinds of social needs and where the market mechanism becomes increasingly the dominant form of morality and society. . The less the company controls the media space and how much content and distribution it has, the less variation and limitation of information. The monopolization of commercial and political power is a potential danger for democracy. Political influence and economic interests destroy the variation and diversity of media.

Keywords

Neoliberalism, Privatization, Deregulation, Monopolization, Critical Political Economy

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