Duyguların İfade Aracı Olarak WhatsApp İletişiminde Emoji Kullanımı: Türk Üniversite Öğrencileri ile Yarı Deneysel Bir Çalışma*

Year 2019, Issue: 48, 511 - 528, 28.06.2019

Yunus Pinar Nihal Kubilay Pinar

Abstract

Bu araştırmada amaç, üniversite öğrencilerinin WhatsApp yazışmalarında birbirinden farklı durumsal bağlamlarda ve duygulanım durumlarında ne türden tepkiler verip, hangi emojilere başvurduklarını, emoji tercihlerindeki örtüşme derecesini ve emoji kullanımında cinsiyet değişkeninin rolünü deneysel olarak incelemektir. Araştırma grubunu, seçkisiz olmayan örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen Akdeniz Üniversitesi’nde öğrenim gören 87 üniversite öğrencisi (N= 87, 35 erkek ve 52 kız) oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcıların tepkisel davranışlarını ve kendilerine sunulan uyaranlar karşısında nasıl ve ne türden tepkiler verdiklerini inceleyebilmek için Anlık Mesaj Faaliyetlerinin İncelenmesi (AMFİ) adlı ampirik bir araştırma aracı geliştirilip, uygulanmıştır. AMFİ’den elde edilen bulgular, cinsiyet değişkeninin emoji kullanımında anlamlı bir rol oynadığına işaret etmiştir. Çalışmada, aynı uyaranlar karşısında kız öğrencilerin erkek öğrencilere kıyasla daha çok emoji kullandıkları izlenmiştir. Birbirinden farklı; pozitif, negatif ya da ambivalans durumsal bağlamlarda kız öğrencilerden oluşan örneklem grubunda %51 ile %84,6 aralığında seyreden emoji kullanımı olduğu, erkek öğrencilerde ise kullanım oranının yine çeşitli kategorilerde %14,3 ile %45,7 aralığında seyrettiği görülmüştür. Yapılan araştırmada, stres içeren ve çeşitli olumsuz duygusal çağrışımları tetikleyebilecek uyaranlar karşısında emoji kullanımının düştüğü bu gibi durumlarda tabu kelime (sövgü, argo vb.) kullanımında artış olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. AMFİ’den elde edilen sonuçlar, katılımcıların pozitif duyguların açığa çıktığı sosyal etkileşim durumlarında daha çok pozitif emojilere, negatif sosyal etkileşim durumlarında da negatif emojilere yöneldiklerine işaret etmektedir.

Keywords

Emoji, Whatsapp, Türk Öğrenciler, Tabu Kelime.

The Usage of emojis in WhatsApp text interactions in the context of expression of the emotions: A quasi-experimental study

Abstract

The aim of this research is to investigate and evaluate the usage of emojis in WhatsApp text interactions and examine the role of gender, impulsive reactions and preferences of students towards the use of emojis with particular focus on situational contexts and affect situations. The final sample consisted of 87 undergraduate students, including 52 women and 35 men of Akdeniz University. In order to investigate emotional impulsive reactions of students in WhatsApp text interactions we have developed an innovative empirical research tool called “Investigation of spontaneous Messaging Activity” (AMFI). The results revealed a significant interaction between emoji usage and gender variable. The study indicates that the use rates of emojis in WhatsApp are generally higher for female students than for male students under the same stimulus conditions. Also, it was observed that the use rates of emojis in positive, negative and ambivalent affective situations varied between 51% and 84,6% for female students and between 14,3% and 45,7% for male students. Our results show that the participants have a tendency to use taboo words to regulate the stressful and burdensome situational contexts and the participants used more positive emojis in positive affect situations and in positive situational contexts, more negative emojis in negative contexts.

Keywords

Emoji, Whatsapp, Turkish Students, Taboo Words.

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