Frailty Syndrome and Its Relationship with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Abstract

Although Frailty Syndrome is a geriatric syndrome associated with old age, it can also occur independently of age with comorbidity, disability and dependency. It is a situation that should be addressed at all ages, especially for individuals with chronic diseases. Frailty causes a decrease in mechanical strength and energy metabolism as a result of decreased oxygen levels due to cardiac and/or lung disease; it causes negative outcomes common to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), such as fatigue, weight loss, decreased physical activity, and muscle atrophy. As frailty known to have a psychological and social dimension apart from its physiological dimension, it inevitably has more in common aspects with COPD in this context. Although it is not yet clear whether frailty triggers COPD or COPD frailty, it is thought that their effects on each other are quite high. In this context, it is thought that the diagnosis of frailty in individuals with COPD and multidisciplinary interventions to be applied for it, alleviating existing frailty or preventing it by detecting it in the early period are very important for the management of COPD. In this context, this review is aimed to examine the relationship between COPD and Frailty Syndrome, which have common and similar aspects, to examine the assessment tools that will help in the diagnosis, and to contribute to the literature on the management of their common components.

Keywords

• Frailty
• chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• COPD
• older age

Kırılganlık Sendromu ve Kronik Obstrüktif Akciğer Hastalığı ile İlişkisi

Abstract

Kırılganlık Sendromu, yaşlılıkla ilişkilendirilen bir geriatrik sendrom olmasına karşın, komorbidite, maluliyet ve bağımlılıkla birlikte yaştan bağımsız da ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Özellikle kronik hastalığa sahip bireyler açısından her yaşta ele alınması gereken bir durumdur. Kırılganlığın kardiyak ve/veya akciğer hastalıklarına bağlı oksijen seviyesinde azalmanın sonucu olarak mekanik güçte ve enerji metabolizmasında azalmaya neden olması; yorgunluk, kilo kaybı, fiziksel aktivitede azalma ve kas atrofisi gibi Kronik Obstrüktif Akciğer Hastalığı (KOAH) ile ortak olumsuz çıktılara neden olmaktadır. Fizyolojik boyutu dışında kırılganlığın ruhsal ve sosyal boyutu da olduğundan KOAH ile kırılganlığın ortak yönünün daha fazla olduğu düşünülmektedir. Kırılganlığın mı KOAH’ı, KOAH’ın mı kırılganlığı tetiklediği halen aydınlatılamamasına karşın birbirleri üzerinde etkilerinin oldukça yüksek olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu bağlamda özellikle KOAH’lı bireylerde kırılganlığın tanılanması ve buna yönelik uygulanacak multidisipliner girişimler, kırılganlığın önlenmesi/hafifletilmesi için tanılamasının, KOAH’ın yönetimi açısından oldukça önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu bağlamda bu derlemede, ortak ve benzer yönleri olan KOAH ve Kırılganlık Sendromunun birbirleri ile ilişkisinin ve tanılanmasına yardımcı olacak değerlendirme araçlarının incelenmesi ve ortak bileşenlerinin yönetimi ile literatüre katkı sunması amaçlanmaktadır.

Keywords

• Kırılganlık
• kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı
• koah
• yaşlı

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