The Effect of Social Support on Treatment Adherence and Self- Efficacy in Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Year 2023, , 949 - 954, 08.10.2023

Gül Dural , Ümmühan Aktürk

https://doi.org/10.61399/ikcusbfd.1192186

Abstract

Objective: To determine the effect of social support on adherence to treatment and selfefficacy in adult patients with type 2 diabetes.
Material and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in at a university hospital’s inpatient diabetes clinic between January 2022-April 2022. The sample size of the study was determined as 431 as a result of the power analysis. In the study, Descriptive Characteristics Questionnaire, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Adherence Scale to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Treatment and Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale for Patients with Type 2 DM were used as the data collection tools.
Results: It was determined that social support had positive effects on self-efficacy (p < 0.05). It was determined that social support had positive effects on treatment adherence (p < 0.05). Education level, complication, glycated haemoglobin A1c and body mass index were effective on self-efficacy of the patients. Education level, and complication were effective on treatment adherence of the patients (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The results showed that social support had a positive effect on the self-efficacy and treatment adherence of the patients. It may be asserted that improving social support of the patients after they were diagnosed with diabetes was beneficial during the disorder and may enhance self-efficacy and treatment adherence levels of the patients.

Keywords

Self-efficacy, social support, treatment adherence, type 2 diabetes

Supporting Institution

yok

Project Number

-

Thanks

-

Tip 2 Diyabeti Olan Yetişkin Hastalarda Sosyal Desteğin Tedaviye Uyum ve Öz Yeterliliğe Etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Tip 2 diyabetli yetişkin hastalarda sosyal desteğin tedaviye uyum ve öz yeterlilik üzerine etkisini belirlemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki bu çalışma, Ocak 2022-Nisan 2022 tarihleri arasında bir üniversite hastanesinin diyabet kliniğinde yürütülmüştür. Güç analizi sonucunda çalışmanın örneklem büyüklüğü 431 olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Tanımlayıcı Özellikler Anketi, Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği, Tip 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Tedavisine Uyum Ölçeği ve Tip 2 DM Hastaları için Diyabet Yönetimi Öz Yeterlik Ölçeği kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Sosyal desteğin öz yeterlik üzerinde olumlu etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir (p < 0,05). Sosyal desteğin tedaviye uyumu olumlu yönde etkilediği belirlendi (p < 0,05). Eğitim düzeyi, komplikasyon, glikolize hemoglobin A1c ve beden kütle indeksi hastaların özyeterliliği üzerinde etkiliydi. Eğitim düzeyi ve komplikasyon, hastaların tedaviye uyumunda etkiliydi (p < 0,05).
Sonuç: Sonuçlar, sosyal desteğin hastaların öz-yeterlilik ve tedaviye uyumları üzerinde olumlu bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Hastalara diyabet tanısı konulduktan sonra sosyal desteğinin artırılmasının hastalık süresince yararlı olduğu ve hastaların öz-yeterlik ve tedaviye uyum düzeylerini artırabileceği söylenebilir.

Keywords

Öz yeterlilik, sosyal destek, tedaviye uyum, tip 2 diyabet

Project Number

-

References

• Jannoo Z, Mamode Khan N. Medication adherence and diabetes self-care activities among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Value Heal Reg Issues. 2019;18:30-35. doi:10.1016/j.vhri.2018.06.003.
• Shao Y, Liang L, Shi L, Wan C, Yu S. The effect of social support on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the mediating roles of self-efficacy and adherence. J Diabetes Res. 2017:1-8. doi:10.1155/2017/2804178.
• Zheng Y, Ley SH, Hu FB. Global aetiology and epidemiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2018;14(2):88-98.
• International Diabetes Federation. ‘’IDF Diabetes Atlas’’ 2021. Available from: https://diabetesatlas.org/data/en/world/.
• World Health Organization. “Diabetes.” 2020. Available from: https:// www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes.
• Satman I, Omer B, Tutuncu Y, Kalaca S, Gedik S, Dinccag N, et al. Twelve-year trends in the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes and prediabetes in Turkish adults. Eur J Epidemiol. 2013;28(2):169-180. doi: 10.1007/s10654-013-9771-5.
• Ramkisson S, Pillay BJ, Sibanda W. Social support and coping in adults with type 2 diabetes. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2017;9(1):1-8. doi:10.4102/phcfm.v9i1.1405
• Karimy M, Koohestani HR, Araban M. The association between attitude, self-efficacy, and social support and adherence to diabetes self-care behavior. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2018;10(1):1-6. https://doi. org/10.1186/s13098-018-0386-6.
• Rashid AA, Zuhra H, Tan CE. Social support, self-efficacy and their correlation among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A primary care perspective. Med J Malaysia. 2018;73(4):197-201.
• El-Radad HM, Ahmed HAS, Eldahshan NA. The relationship between self care activities, social support, and glycemic control in primary healthcare patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetology International (2023) 14:65–75 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-022-00598-7.
• Saffari M, Lin CY, Chen H, Pakpour AH. The role of religious coping and social support on medication adherence and quality of life among the elderly with type 2 diabetes. Qual Life Res. 2019;28(8):2183-93. doi:10.1007/s11136-019-02183-z.
• Świątoniowska-Lonc N, Tański W, Polański J, Jankowska-Polańska B, Mazur G. Psychosocial Determinants of Treatment Adherence in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes–A Review. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2021;14:2701-75.
• Ferreira S, Castleberry G. Systems Thinking Perspective of Medication Adherence for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Procedia Computer Science. 2019;153:218-224. doi:10.1016/j.procs.2019.05.073
• Adisa R, Olajide OO, Fakeye TO. Social support, treatment adherence and outcome among hypertensive and type 2 diabetes patients in ambulatory care settings in Southwestern Nigeria. Ghana Med J. 2017;51(2):64-77. doi:10.4314/gmj.v51i2.4
• Küçük S, Karşıgil P, Uludaşdemir D, Güven İ. Exercise habits and diabetes self-efficacy in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Sağ Aka Derg, 2022;9(2):129-138
• Yanık YT, Erol Ö. Evaluation of self-efficacy levels of individuals with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Nursology. 2016;19(3). doi:10.17049/ ahsbd.22818.
• Lin PY, Lee TY, Liu CY, Lee YJ. The effect of self-effi cacy in self-management on diabetes distress in young people with Type 2 diabetes. Healthcare 2021;9:1736. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9121736
• Eker D. Cok boyutlu algilanan sosyal destek olceginin gozden gecirilmis formunun faktor yapisi, gecerlik ve guvenirligi. Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi 2001;12:17-25.
• Demirtaş A, Akbayrak N. Development of an assessment scale for treatment compliance in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Turkish population: Psychometric evaluation. International Int J Nurs Sci. 2017;4(3):244-251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2017.06.002
• Usta Yeşilbalkan O. Tip 2 diabetli hastaların kendi kendine bakımlarındaki öz yeterlilikleri ve öz yeterliliklerini etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesi [Doktora Tezi] [İzmir]: Ege Üniversitesi; 2001. 229 p.
• Ranjbaran S, Shojaeizadeh D, Dehdari T, Yaseri M, Shakibazadeh E. Determinants of medication adherence among Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes: An application of health action process approach. Heliyon. 2020;6(7):e04442. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04442.
• Gu L, Wu S, Zhao S, Zhou H, Zhang S, Gao M, et al. Association of social support and medication adherence in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. International Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017;14(12):1522. doi:10.3390/ijerph14121522.
• Osborn CY, Egede LE. The relationship between depressive symptoms and medication nonadherence in type 2 diabetes: the role of social support. General Hospital Psychiatry 2012;34:249-53. doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2012.01.015.
• Chan CK, Cockshaw W, Smith K, Holmes-Truscott E, Pouwer F, Speight J. Social support and self-care outcomes in adults with diabetes: The mediating effects of self-efficacy and diabetes distress. Results of the second diabetes MILES–Australia (MILES-2) study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020;166:108314. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108314.
• Gao J, Wang J, Zheng P, Haardörfer R, Kegler MC, Zhu Y, et al. Effects of self-care, self-efficacy, social support on glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. BMC Fam Pract. 2013;14(1):1-6. doi: 10.1186/1471- 2296-14-66.
• Al-Dwaikat TN, Rababah JA, Al-Hammouri MM, Chlebowy DO. Social support, self-efficacy, and psychological wellbeing of adults with type 2 diabetes. West J Nurs Res. 2021;43(4):288-297. doi:10.1177/0193945920921101.