Pediatrik ve Yenidoğan Birimlerde Karşılanmamış Hemşirelik Bakımı: Kapsamlı Bir Literatür Derleme

Year 2024, , 281 - 290, 02.06.2024

Sinem Özmen , Havva Arslan Yürümezoğlu

https://doi.org/10.61399/ikcusbfd.1378047

Abstract

Amaç: Hemşire yetersizliği ve çalışma ortamından kaynaklanan nedenlerle karşılanmamış hemşirelik bakımı bir hasta güvenliği sorunudur. Bu derleme, pediatri kliniklerinde karşılanmamış hemşirelik bakımını inceleyen araştırmaların sonuçlarını gözden geçirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu kapsamlı derleme, Joanna Briggs Enstitütü’sünün derleme protokolü dikkate alınarak yürütülmüştür. Aralık 2022-Ağustos 2023 tarihleri arasında Pubmed, EBSCO, OVID, SCOPUS ve ULAKBİM veri tabanları kullanılarak belirlenen anahtar sözcükleri ile tarama yapılmıştır. Elemelerden sonra kalan 22 çalışma JBI’nın kesitsel çalışmalar ve sistematik derlemeler için hazırlanmış kontrol listeleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu kontrol listelerinde yer alan sorular “Evet, Hayır, Belirtilmemiş/ Açık Değil, Uygun Değil” olmak üzere dört seçenek ile yanıtlanmaktadır. “Evet” yanıtı “1”, “hayır, belirtilmemiş/açık değil, uygun değil” yanıtları ise “0” olarak puanlanmaktadır. Puanın yüksek olması incelenen araştırmanın metodolojik olarak iyi kalitede olduğunu göstermektedir.

Bulgular: Pediatri kliniklerinde karşılanmamış hemşirelik bakımının; iş yükü, hasta yoğunluğu, çalışma ortamı ve hemşire özellikleri ile ilişkili olduğu değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalarda, karşılanmamış hemşirelik bakımının hasta ve hemşire sonuçları üzerinde olumsuz etkisi olduğu gösterilmiştir.

Sonuç: Bu derlemede incelenen çalışma sonuçları, hemşirelerin çoğunlukla çalışma ortamına bağlı faktörlere bağlı olarak bakımı karşılayamadıklarını göstermektedir. Karşılanmamış bakım oranlarını azaltmak için hemşirelere yeterli kaynak sağlanması ve bakım gereksinimlerine ilişkin gerçekçi beklentiler belirlenmesi önemlidir. Bu nedenle, yönetici hemşirelerin karşılanmamış bakım sorununun hazırlayıcı faktörleri ve karşılanmamış bakım sonuçlarını yönetim kararlarında kullanmaları önerilmektedir.

Keywords

Karşılanmamış hemşirelik bakımı, pediatri, yenidoğan, hemşire, hasta.

Unmet Nursing Care in Pediatric and Newborn Units: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Objective: Unmet nursing care, which occurs due to nursing shortages and negative working environment, is seen as a patient safety issue. This study was conducted to review the results of studies examining unmet nursing care in pediatric units.

Material and Method: This scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) review protocol. Between December 2022 and August 2023, pre-determined keywords were searched using Pubmed, EBSCO, OVID, SCOPUS and ULAKBIM databases. 22 eligible studies that remained after exclusion were evaluated using JBI's critical appraisal checklists, which are designed for cross-sectional studies and systematic reviews. The questions in both checklists are answered with four options as "Yes, No, Unclear or Not/Applicable". "Yes" answers are scored as "1" and "no, unclear or not applicable" answers are scored as "0". A high score indicates the methodological quality of the research examined.

Results: The results of the studies examined in the review showed that unmet nursing care in pediatric units was associated with workload, patient intensity, working environment and nurse characteristics. Studies have shown that unmet nursing care has a negative effect on patient and nurse outcomes.

Conclusion: The results of the good-quality studies included in this review show that nurses do not meet the nursing care due to many factors. In order to reduce unmet nursing care rates, it is important to provide adequate resources to nurses and to set realistic expectations regarding care needs. Therefore, it is recommended that nurse managers should on the antecedent factors and use these results, which are related to the predisposing factors and the consequences of missed nursing care in their management decisions.

Keywords

Unmet nursing care, pediatrics, newborn, nurse, patient

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