Relationship Between Sleep Quality and Body Composition, Mediterranean and MIND Diet Adherence in Young Adults

Abstract

Objective: This cross-sectional study aims to examine the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet in young adults and sleep quality, physical activity levels, and body composition. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 900 healthy young adults. The Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale (MEDAS) was utilised to ascertain the adherence of individuals to the Mediterranean diet. The MIND diet scale was employed to assess compliance with the MIND diet. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate sleep quality. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) was administered to individuals face-to-face by researchers to assess physical activity. Anthropometric measurements such as body weight, height, waist circumference, and hip circumference, as well as body composition analyses, were performed on the individuals. Results: Among those with poor and good sleep quality, 31.5% and 25.0% of individuals, respectively, adhere poorly to the Mediterranean diet, while 6.4% and 13.6% adhere well (p<0.05). It was found that the MEDAS and MIND diet scale scores were higher in those with good sleep quality compared to those with poor sleep quality (p<0.05). A positive correlation was found between individuals' visceral fat percentage and PSQI score (r=0.069, p=0.039). A negative correlation was observed between lean body mass (LBM) and sleep quality score (p<0.05). Sleep quality was found to increase as individuals' MEDAS score and MIND diet scale score increased (p<0.05). A one-unit increase in the MIND diet scale and MEDAS scores was found to decrease the PSQI score (p<0.05). It was determined that those with high adherence to the Mediterranean diet had approximately 2.764 times greater chance of having good sleep quality. Conclusion: Obesity in young adults, and particularly an increase in visceral fat tissue, negatively impacts sleep quality, while adherence to the Mediterranean and MIND diets has been shown to improve sleep quality by increasing LBM. Healthy eating patterns may provide a protective effect for sleep quality and overall health in young adults.

Keywords

• Mediterranean Diet
• MIND diet
• obesity
• sleep

Genç Yetişkinlerde Uyku Kalitesi ile Vücut Bileşimi, Akdeniz ve MIND Diyetine Uyum İlişkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu kesitsel çalışmanın amacı, genç yetişkinlerde Akdeniz ve Nörodejeneratif Gecikme için Akdeniz-DASH Müdahalesi (MIND) diyeti uyumunun, uyku kalitesi, fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ve vücut bileşimi ile olan ilişkilerini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışma, 900 sağlıklı genç yetişkin ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bireylerin Akdeniz diyetine bağlılığını belirlemek için Akdeniz Diyeti Bağlılık Ölçeği (MEDAS), MIND diyetine uyumu değerlendirmek için MIND diyeti ölçeği, uyku kalitesini belirlemek için Pittsburgh Uyku Kalite İndeksi (PUKİ), fiziksel aktiviteyi değerlendirmek için Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi Kısa Formu (UFAA-KF), araştırmacılar tarafından bireylere yüz yüze uygulanmıştır. Bireylerin vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu, bel çevresi, kalça çevresi gibi antropometrik ölçümleri ve vücut bileşim analizleri yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Uyku kalitesi kötü ve iyi olanlarda, Akdeniz diyetine bağlılık durumları açısından sırasıyla %31,5 ve %25,0 kötü; %6,4 ve %13,6 iyi birey bulunmaktadır (p<0,05). MEDAS ve MIND diyeti ölçeği puanının, uyku kalitesi iyi olanların kötü olanlara göre daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmektedir (p<0,05). Bireylerin visseral yağ yüzdesi ile PUKİ puanı arasında pozitif korelasyon saptanmaktadır (r=0,069, p=0,039). Yağsız vücut kütlesi (YVK) ile uyku kalitesi puanı arasında negatif korelasyon görülmektedir (p<0,05). Bireylerin MEDAS puanı ve MIND diyeti ölçeği puanı arttıkça uyku kalitesinin arttığı bulunmaktadır (p<0,05). MIND diyeti ölçeği ve MEDAS puanlarındaki birimlik artışın PUKİ puanını azalttığı görülmektedir (p<0,05). Akdeniz diyetine bağlılığı yüksek olanların uyku kalitesinin iyi olma şansının yaklaşık 2,764 kat arttığı tespit edilmektedir. Sonuç: Genç yetişkinlerde obezite ve özellikle visseral yağ dokusundaki artış uyku kalitesini olumsuz etkilerken, Akdeniz ve MIND diyetine uyum ile YVK artışının uyku kalitesini iyileştirdiği görülmektedir. Sağlıklı beslenme modelleri, genç yetişkinlerde uyku kalitesi ve genel sağlık için koruyucu bir etki sağlayabilir.

Keywords

• Akdeniz diyeti
• MIND diyeti
• obezite
• uyku

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