Effect of Macronutrients and Cholesterol on Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Abstract

People in old age can encounter many chronic degenerative diseases. One of these is age-related macular degeneration. Age-related macular degeneration is a common, chronic, progressive, degenerative disorder affecting macula in older adults. Foods rich in carbohydrates and with high glycemic index bring the risk of age-related macular degeneration with oxidative stress damage and inflammation formation. The possible relationship between protein intake and age-related macular degeneration is also explained by oxidation of proteins. Fats affect disease by forming extracellular lipoprotein deposits in vascular wall in the systemic circulation and causing neovascularisation. For this reason, at least 3 meals a day eating patterns by providing a variety of foods should be adopted. Besides increasing the consumption of foods with low glycemic index, vegetables and fruits high in vitamins, minerals and fiber, foods should be prepared, cooked and stored correctly.

Keywords

• macular degeneration
• carbohydrates
• cholesterol
• fat

Yaşa Bağlı Makular Dejenerasyonda Makro Besin Ögeleri ve Kolesterolün Etkisi

Abstract

Yaşlılık döneminde insanlar birçok kronik dejeneratif hastalıkla karşılaşabilmektedir. Bunlardan birisi de yaşa bağlı olarak gelişen makular dejenerasyondur. Yaşa bağlı makular dejenerasyon, yaşlı bireylerde makulanın etkilendiği yaygın, kronik, ilerleyici dejeneratif bir bozukluktur. Karbonhidrat bakımından zengin ve yüksek glisemik indeksli besinler, oksidatif stres hasarı ve inflamasyon oluşumu yaşa bağlı makular dejenerasyon riskini de beraberinde getirmektedir. Protein alımı ile yaşa bağlı makular dejenerasyon arasındaki olası ilişki proteinlerin oksidasyonu ile açıklanmaktadır. Yağlar sistemik dolaşımda yer alan damar duvarında ekstraselüler lipoprotein depoları oluşturmaları ve neovaskülarizasyon neden olmaları ile hastalık üzerinde etki etmektedir. Bu nedenle her ne kadar yaşlılık dönemi için sağlıklı beslenme önerileri geliştirilmiş olsa da aslında temel olan yaşam boyu sağlıklı beslenme davranışlarının benimsenmesi ve sürdürülmesidir. Buna bağlı olarak, besin çeşitliliği sağlanarak günde en az 3 öğün beslenme modeli benimsenmelidir. Glisemik indeksi düşük besinlerin, vitamin, mineral ve posadan yüksek sebze ve meyve tüketiminin artırılmasının yanında besinlerin doğru hazırlanması, pişirilmesi ve saklanması gerekmektedir.

Keywords

• maküla dejenerasyonu
• karbonhidrat
• kolesterol
• yağ

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