Blood Transfusion Process and Nursing Management of Children with Transfusion Dependent Thalassemia in COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract

Objective: The COVID-19 outbreak started in Wuhan, China in late 2019 and continues to spread globally. Since the emergence of COVID-19, the number of blood donations has decreased significantly both in our country and around the world. For those who require regular blood transfusion treatment, the decrease in blood donations is a serious concern. In some countries, it is stated that almost half of the children with transfusiondependent thalassemia receive inadequate blood transfusion. Due to the curfews and intercity transportation barriers in Turkey, children and their parents have difficulty in visiting clinics where they receive routine care for blood transfusion. In addition, these restrictions drastically reduced the number of voluntary blood donations, resulting in a significant shortage in blood stocks. During the blood transfusion process of children with thalassemia; social distance rules were observed, masks were worn, patient appointments were limited, and attendants were restricted. Nurses and patients used disposable materials, and nurses used protective equipment. With the emergence of COVID-19, children with transfusion-dependent thalassemia may experience difficulties in the treatment and care process due to reduced blood reserves. Thus, in a future crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic, the case of transfusion-dependent patients should be prioritized in the public health preparedness strategy, especially in countries where thalassemia is common.

Keywords

• COVID-19
• thalassemia
• child
• nursing

COVID-19 Pandemisinde Transfüzyona Bağımlı Talasemili Çocukların Kan Transfüzyon Süreci ve Hemşirelik Yönetimi

Abstract

Amaç: COVID-19 salgını 2019’un sonlarında Çin’in Wuhan kentinde başlamış olup küresel olarak yayılmaya devam etmektedir. COVID-19’un ortaya çıkmasından bu yana kan bağışı sayısı ciddi oranda hem ülkemizde hem de dünya genelinde azalmıştır. Düzenli kan transfüzyonu tedavisi gerektirenler için de kan bağışlarının azalması ciddi bir endişe kaynağı oluşturmaktadır. Bazı ülkelerde transfüzyona bağımlı talasemili çocukların neredeyse yarısına yetersiz kan transfüzyonu uygulandığı belirtilmektedir. Ülkemizdeki sokağa çıkma yasakları, şehirlerarası ulaşım engelleri nedeni ile çocuklar ve ebeveynleri kan transfüzyonu için rutin bakım aldıkları kliniklere gitmekte zorluk yaşamaktadır. Ayrıca bu kısıtlamalar, gönüllü kan bağışlarının sayısını büyük ölçüde azaltarak, kan bankalarının stoklarında ciddi oranda azalmaya neden olmuştur. Talasemili çocukların kan transfüzyonu sürecinde; sosyal mesafe kurallarına dikkat edilmiş, maske takılması sağlanmış, hasta randevuları sınırlandırılmış, refakatçi sınırlaması yapılmıştır. Hemşireler, hastalarda tek kullanımlık malzemeler kullanmış ve hemşireler koruyucu ekipman kullanmıştır. COVID-19’un ortaya çıkmasıyla transfüzyona bağımlı talasemili çocuklar, kan rezervlerinin azalmasına bağlı olarak tedavi ve bakım sürecinde güçlük yaşayabilmektedir. Buna bağlı olarak gelecekte, COVID-19 pandemisi gibi bir kriz sırasında halk sağlığı hazırlık stratejisinde, özellikle talasemiye yatkın ülkelerde transfüzyon bağımlı hastalar konusuna öncelik verilmelidir.

Keywords

• COVID-19
• Talasemi
• Çocuk
• Hemşirelik

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