The Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Exercise

Abstract

Nowadays, gut microbiota, which is one of the important research areas, plays an important role on host health by sending signals to non-intestinal organs. Some unchangeable factors such as age, gender, genetics are effective in the modulation of gut microbiota, there are also changeable environmental factors such as nutrition and exercise. It has been shown that exercise increases microbiota biodiversity and is associated with the presence of beneficial microorganisms. It is also thought that exercise may be a possible modulator of gut microbiome composition Although various mechanisms have been discussed for the effect of exercise on microbiota modulation, there is no exact mechanism explaining this relationship. In addition, studies are still continuing to show that exercise can play a role in the treatment of some diseases by providing microbiota modification and positive changes in the gut microbiota. Overall, results from animal and human studies show that exercise has an effect on the gut microbiota. There is a need for longitudinal studies with large sample groups on this subject.

Keywords

• Exercise
• gut microbiota
• probiotic

Egzersiz ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotası Arasındaki İlişki

Abstract

Günümüz önemli araştırma alanlarından biri olan bağırsak mikrobiyotası, bağırsak dışı organlara sinyaller göndererek konakçı sağlığı üzerinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bağırsak mikrobiyotasının modülasyonunda; yaş, cinsiyet, genetik gibi bazı değiştirilemez faktörlerin yanı sıra beslenme, egzersiz gibi değiştirilebilir çevresel faktörler de etkilidir. Egzersizin mikrobiyota biyoçeşitliliğini artırdığı ve faydalı mikroorganizmaların varlığı ile ilişkili olduğu gösterilmektedir. Ayrıca egzersizin bağırsak mikrobiyom bileşiminin olası bir modülatörü olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Egzersizin mikrobiyota modülasyonu üzerinde etkisi için çeşitli mekanizmalar üzerinde durulsa da bu ilişkiyi açıklayan net bir mekanizma bulunmamaktadır. Ayrıca, egzersizin mikrobiyota modifikasyonunu sağlaması ve bağırsak mikroflorasında meydana getirdiği olumlu değişikliklerle bazı hastalıkların tedavisinde rol oynayabileceğine dair çalışmalar halen devam etmektedir. Genel olarak, hayvan ve insan çalışmalarından elde edilen sonuçlar, egzersizin bağırsak mikrobiyotası üzerinde etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu konuda geniş örneklem gruplarıyla uzunlamasına yapılacak çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Keywords

• egzersiz
• bağırsak mikrobiyotası
• probiyotik

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