Preoperatif Dönemde Yapılan Tanıtıcı Eğitimin Kaygı Üzerine Etkisi: Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma

Year 2020, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 291 - 297, 30.09.2020

Esra Kılınç Akman , Leman Şenturan

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, jinekolojik cerrahi girişim geçirecek hastalara ameliyat öncesi dönemde yapılan tanıtıcı eğitimin kaygı düzeyi üzerine etkisini incelemek için yapıldı.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma, randomize kontrollü deneysel çalışma olarak tasarlandı. İlk kez jinekolojik cerrahi girişim geçiren 60 hasta araştırma evrenini oluşturdu. Çalışmaya katılan tüm hastalar ameliyattan önceki gün/gece araştırmacı tarafından klinik ortamda ziyaret edildi; araştırma hakkında bilgi verildi, soru formu ve Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği uygulandı. Deney grubundaki hastalara ziyaret sırasında ayrıca tanıtıcı eğitim yapıldı ve eğitim sonunda hazırlanan eğitim broşürü verildi. Her iki gruptaki hastalar ameliyathanede araştırmacı tarafından karşılandı ve ameliyathane salonuna alınmadan hemen önce Durumluk Kaygı Ölçeği tekrar uygulandı.

Bulgular: Hem deney hem de kontrol grubundaki hastaların Durumluk Kaygı Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamasında (p:.001), klinik ortama göre ameliyathane ortamında görülen düşüş (p<.01) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (p:.001; p<.01).

Sonuç: Çalışmada, ameliyat olacak hastalara ameliyat öncesi dönemde verilen eğitimin kaygı üzerinde olumlu etkisi olduğu, daha önce hastanede yatma durumunun da ameliyat öncesi kaygı düzeyini etkilediği sonucuna varıldı.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Cerrahi, ameliyat öncesi dönem, kaygı, eğitim.

Keywords

cerrahi girişim, preoperatif dönem, kaygı, tanıtıcı eğitim

Effect Of Face To Face Education On Patient’s Anxiety In Perioperative Period: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Abstract
Objective: This study was conducted to examine the effect of preoperative introductory training, to be performed for patients who would undergo an operation for gynecological diseases, on anxiety.
Material and Method: This randomized controlled and experimental study consisted of 60 patients, who would undergo an operation for gynecological diseases for the first time. All patients were visited by the researcher in the service environmen informed about the study. An additional introductory training was offered to the patients in the experimental group during the visit. The patients in both groups were welcomed by the researcher in the operating room and State- Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was reapplied to them right before they were taken to the operating room.
Findings: There was a statistically significant decrease in the total mean scores obtained by the patients in both the experimental and the control groups from the State Anxiety Inventory in the operating room environment, compared to those obtained in the service environment (p:.001; p<.01).
Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was concluded that preoperative training provided to patients who would undergo an operation had an effect on their anxiety and the state of having previously been hospitalized also affected preoperative anxiety levels.

Keywords

surgical intervention, preoperative period, anxiety, Introductory traning

References

• Akinsulore A, Owojuyigbe AM, Faponle AF, Fatoye FO. Assessment of preoperative and postoperative anxiety among elective majör surgery patients in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Middle East J Anesthesiol 2015;23(2):235-40.
• Aksoy, G., Kanan, N. and Akyolcu, N. (2017) Surgical Nursing. Surgical Nursing. Nobel Tıp Bookstore, İstanbul.
• Ala, S. (2007) The Effect of Informative Role of Nurse before Thyroidectomy Operation on Postoperative Anxiety Level of Patients. Afyon Kocatepe University, Postgraduate Thesis, Afyonkarahisar, (Advisor: Assist. Prof: Dursun Ali Şahin).
• Ayan, G. G.. (2012) Knowledge and Opinions of Anesthesia and Anesthesiologist on Anesthesia Clinic. Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Thesis, Edirne, (Advisor: Assistant Prof. Dr. Alkın Çolak).
• Aykent R, Kocamanoglu S, Ustun E, Tür A, Sahinoglu H. (2007)Perioperative anxiety causes and evaluation: Comparison of APAIS and STAI scores. Turkey Clinic J. Anest. I Reanim.; 5: 7-13.www.turkiyeklinikleri.com/article/tr-preoperatif-anksiyete-nedenleri-ve degerlendirilmesi-apais-ve-stai-skorlarinin-karsilastirilmasi-47197.html
• Bulut H.(2013) Nursing care both before and after the surgery. Aşti TA, Karadağ, A (Editors). The principles of nursing are 2. İstanbul: Akademi Press and Publishing;s.71725.
• Caumo, T., Schmidt, A.P. ve Schneider, C.N. (2001) Risk Factors For Preoperative Anxiety in Adults. Acta Anaesthesiol Scandinavian, 45(3):298-307. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-6576.2001.045003298.x
• Çelik S.( 2013) Pain levels and applied nursing interventions 24-48 hours after abdominal surgery. Gümüşhane University Journal of Health Sciences; 2 (3): 325-30. dergipark.ulakbim.gov.tr/gumussagbil/article/view/5000003555/0
• Çetin A.( 2014) Determination of Anxiety Levels in Preoperative Period of Patients with Elective Surgery. Istanbul: Istanbul Bilim University Institute of Health Sciences.
• Çetinkaya F, Karabulut N.( 2010) The effect of preoperative training on anxiety and pain level in adult patients with abdominal surgery. Journal of Anatolian Nursing and Health Sciences; 13 (2): 20-26. http://dergipark.gov.tr/download/article-file/29524
• Çevik E. (2012) Evaluation of Patients' thoughts about the quality of nursing care and the level of anxiety in the operating room. Edirne: Trakya University Institute of Health Sciences. (Advisor: Asst. Assoc. Dr. Ümmü Yildiz Findik)
• Demir, A., Akyurt, D., Ergün, B., Haytural, C.,Yiğit, T., Taşoğlu, İ. et al.,. (2010). Anxiety Treatmet in Cases to Undergo Heart Surgery. Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 18(3), 177-182. http://tgkdc.dergisi.org/uploads/pdf/pdf_TGKDC_1307.pdf
• Doğu Ö. ( 2013 ) Meeting Education Needs of Patients Planned for Surgical Intervention and the Effect of Education on Psychological Preparation of Patient. Journal of Düzce University Institute of Health Sciences 2013; 3 (3): 10-13 http://www.sbedergi.duzce.edu.tr/article/viewFile/1039000085/1039000065
• Douki, Z. E., Vaezzadeh, N., Shahmohammadi, S.ve Ark, (2011) Anxiety Before and After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery: Relationship to QOL. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 7 (1): 103-108. https://www.idosi.org/mejsr/mejsr7(1)11/17.pdf
• Durmuş A. (2015)Determination of the Effect of Preoperative Education on Anxiety Levels in Patients with Abdominal Surgery . Istanbul: Haliç University Institute of Health Sciences.
• Erdil F. Surgical nursing. Erdil F, Elbas NÖ. Surgical diseases nursing. 6th Edition Ankara: Aydoğdu Printing House; 2012. p.101-14
• Fındık UY, Topçu SY. The effect of the mode of surgical intervention on preoperative anxiety level. Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Nursing Derg 2012; 19 (2): 22-33. http://dergipark.gov.tr/download/article-file/88619
• Grieve, R. (2002). Day Surgery Preoperative Anxiety Reduction and Coping Strategies. British Journal of Nursing, 11(10), 670-678. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2002.11.10.670
• Homzova P, Zelenikova R. Measuring preoperative anxiety in patients undergoing elective surgery in Czech Republic. Cent Eur J Nurs Midw 2015;6(4):321-6. doi: 10.15452/CEJNM.2015.06.0023
• Karaman, N. (2008). Examination of the Relationship between Anxiety Levels of Adolescents Undergoing Surgical Intervention and Parents and Reasons of Anxiety. Postgraduate Thesis, İstanbul University Faculty of Health Sciences, İstanbul.
• Kaughn, F., Wichowski, H. ve Bosworth, G. (2007) Does Preoperative Anxiety Level Predict Postoperative Pain. Association of perioperative Registered Nurses Journal,85(3), 589-604. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-2092(07)60130-6
• Kehlet, H., and Wilmore, D.W. (2008) Evidence-Based Surgical Care and The Evolution of Fast-Track Surgery. Ann Surg, 248 (2):189-198. https://insights.ovid.com/pubmed?pmid=18650627 doi: 10.1097/sla.0b013e31817f2c1a
• Marcus C. Strategies for improving the quality of verbal patient and family education: a review of the literature and creation of the EDUCATE model. Health Psychol Behav Med. 2014; 2(1): 482-495.
• Munafò, M. R., & Stevenson, J. (2001). Anxiety and surgical recovery: Reinterpreting the literature. Journal of psychosomatic research, 51(4), 589-596
• Nigussie S, Belachew T, Wolancho W. Predictors of preoperative anxiety among surgical patients in Jimma University Specialized Teaching Hospital, South Western Ethiopia. BMC Surg 2014; 14:67 doi: 10.1186/1471-2482-14-67.
• Öner, N. and Lecompte, A. (1998) Manual of State Trait Anxiety Inventory. Boğaziçi University Print House, İstanbul
• Özbaş A. Problems and Solutions in Breast Cancer Family Journal of Breast Health 2006 Volume: 2 Issue: 3. thejournalofbreasthealth.com/sayilar/6/buyuk/281.pdf
• Özbayır, T., Demir, F., Candan, Y., Coşkun, İ. and Dramalı, A. (2003) Examining Impressions of Patients About Perioperative Period. Journal of Atatürk University High School of Nursing, 6(1):14-23. e-dergi.atauni.edu.tr/ataunihem/article/view/1025000191/1025000185
• Özberksoy, A. (2006). The Effect of Preoperative Informative and Educational Nursing Approach on Postoperative Pain and Anxiety Levels in Patients with Breast Cancer. Postgraduate Thesis, Ege University, İzmir.
• Özer N. History of surgery. Aslan FE (Editor). Surgical care with case studies. Ankara: Academician Medical Bookstore; 2016. p.4-29.
• Robleda G, Sillero-Sillero A, Puiq T, Gich I, Baños JE. Influence of preoperative emotional state on postoperative pain following orthopedic and trauma surgery. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2014;22(5):785-91.
• Salkım, Ö.Ö. (2010). The Effect of Training Offered by Nurse before Closed Cholecystectomy Operation on Knowledge Level and Postoperative Anxiety and Pain levels of Patients. Ankara University, Postgraduate Thesis, Ankara, (Assoc. Prof. Dr Deniz Çalışkan).
• Sidar, A., Dedeli, Ö. and Ahmet, İ.İ. (2013) Anxiety and Pain Distress of Patients Before and After Open Heart Surgery: Examination of Its Relationship with Pain Level. Intensive Care Journal, 4:1-8. doi:10.5152/dcbybd.2013.02
• Spalding, N. J. (2003) Reducing Anxiety by Pre-operative Education: Make The Future Familiar. Occupational Therapy International, 10(4): 278-293. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/oti.191?sid=nlm%3Apubmed
• Taşdemir, A., Erakgun, A., Deniz, M.N., Çertuğ, A. (2013) Comparison of Preoperative and Postoperative Anxiety Levels with State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Test in Preoperatively Informed Patients. doi: 10.5152/TJAR.2013.11
• Tatarlı N. (2007) Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction in Health Services and Application in Health Sector, Postgraduate Thesis Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu.
• Ting KEL, Ng MSS, Siew WF. Patient perception about preoperative information to allay anxiety towards majör surgery. IeJSME 2013;7(1):29-32.
• Toksal M. (2005) Examination of Expectations of Patients from Nurses in the Preoperative Period, Postgraduate Thesis, Afyonkarahisar
• Turhan, T., Avcı, R. and Özcengiz, D. (2012) The Relationship of Preoperative and Postoperative Anxiety with Patient Satisfaction in Elective Surgery Preparation. Journal of Anesthesia, 20 (1): 27- 33. www.anestezidergisi.com/pdfs/2012_1-27-33.pdf
• Turhan, Y. (2007) The Relationship of Preoperative and Postoperative Anxiety with Patient Satisfaction in Patients Planned to Undergo Elective Surgery Operation. Çukurova University Medical Faculty Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Dissertation, Adana, (Advisor: Prof. Dr. Dilek Özcengiz).
• Uzun, Ö. (2000) Preoperative Patient Education. Journal of Atatürk University High School of Nursing, 3(2):36-45 e-dergi.atauni.edu.tr/ataunihem/article/view/1025000097/1025000090
• Yavuz M. Preoperative care. Karadakovan A, Aslan. FE (Editors). Internal and surgical diseases in care. 4. Printing. Adana: Nobel Kitabevi; 2017. p.261 - 76.
• Yıldız, D. (2011) Determination of Preoperative and Postoperative Anxiety Levels of Patients. Near East University Institute of Health Sciences, Postgraduate Thesis, T.R.N.C., (Advisor: Assist. Prof Gülcem Sala Razı).
• Yılmaz E. Surgical process: Preoperative preparation and care. Aslan FE (Editor). Surgical care with case studies. Ankara: Academician Medical Bookstore; 2016. p.319-45.
• Yılmaz M, Sezer H, Gürler H, Bekar M. Predictors of perioperative anxiety in surgical inpatients. J Clin Nurs 2012;21(7-8):956-64.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03799.x
• Yücel Ç., Ş. (2011) Role of Nurse in Meeting Psychosocial Needs of Unconscious Patient. Maltepe University Journal of Nursing Science and Art, 4(1):174- 180. hemsirelik.maltepe.edu.tr/dergiler/nisan/174-180.pdf