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Examination of the Experience and Stress Situation of Emergency Health Professionals During the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey

Year 2022, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 1 - 7, 31.01.2022

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the profiles, experiences, and stress of emergency health professionals in the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey.

Material and Method: The present descriptive study was carried out with 210 healthcare professionals working in emergency units of pandemic hospitals in Turkey between May 1 and June 1, 2020. The sampling method was not used. The data were collected on the internet with a questionnaire form consisting of 70 questions, which the researchers created by scanning the relevant literature and included many sub-headings such as the demographic characteristics of emergency workers, as well as their feelings, attitudes, stress situation, work environments, and information about the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results: The results showed that the participants followed current information about the COVID-19 pandemic from multiple sources (97.6%), received training regarding preventive measures through in-service training at hospitals (22.9%), or multiple sources (58.6%). The mean scores regarding the feeling of risk for themselves were 8.21±2.01 (min-max: 1-10), while the mean scores regarding the feeling of risk for the people they live with were 7.99±2.77 (min-max: 0-10). The stress intensity in the last week was found to be mean ±SD: 6.80±2.49.

Conclusion: Although the healthcare professionals working in the emergency units obtained the information about the COVID-19 outbreak from many sources, the information given by the hospitals was inadequate; the professionals felt themselves at risk. Intense stress was seen in the female healthcare workers, nurses, those who do not receive psychological support, and those who perform pre-triage to suspected COVID-19 patients.

References

  • Mo Y, Deng L, Zhang L, Lang Q, Liao C, Wang N, et al. Work stress among Chinese nurses to support Wuhan in fighting against COVID-19 epidemic. J Nurs Manag. 2020 Jul;28(5):1002-1009. doi:10.1111/ jonm.13014.
  • Lai CC, Shih TP, Ko WC, Tang HJ, Hsueh PR. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;55(3):105924. doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag. 2020.105924
  • Ferioli M, Cisternino C, Leo V, Pisani L, Palange P, Nava S. Protecting healthcare workers from SARS-CoV-2 infection: practical indications. Eur Respir Rev. 2020;29(155):200068. doi:10.1183/16000617.0068-2020
  • Kursumovic E, Lennane S, Cook TM. Deaths in healthcare workers due to COVID-19: the need for robust data and analysis. Anaesthesia. 2020;10.1111/anae.15116. doi:10.1111/anae.15116
  • The Lancet. COVID-19: protecting health-care workers. Lancet. 2020;395(10228):922. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)306449http:// europepmc.org/article/MED/32199474
  • Lotfinejad N, Peters A, Pittet D. Hand hygiene and the novel coronavirus pandemic: The role of healthcare workers. J Hosp Infect. 2020;S0195-6701(20)30116-X. doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.017
  • Moazzami B, Razavi-Khorasani N, Dooghaie Moghadam A, Farokhi E, Rezaei N. COVID-19 and telemedicine: Immediate action required for maintaining healthcare providers well-being. J Clin Virol. 2020;126:104345. doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104345
  • Tsamakis K, Rizos E, Manolis AJ, Chaidou S, Kympouropoulos S, Spartalis E, et al. COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on mental health of healthcare professionals. Exp Ther Med. 2020 Jun;19(6):3451-3453. doi:10.3892/etm.2020.8646.
  • Hoe Gan W, Wah Lim J, Koh D. Preventing intra-hospital infection and transmission of COVID-19 in healthcare workers [published online ahead of print, 2020 Mar 24]. Saf Health Work. 2020;11(2):241-243. doi:10.1016/j.shaw.2020.03.001
  • Houghton C, Meskell P, Delaney H, Smalle M, Glenton C, Booth A, et al. Barriers and facilitators to healthcare workers' adherence with infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines for respiratory infectious diseases: a rapid qualitative evidence synthesis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Apr 21;4(4):CD013582. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD013582
  • Bhagavathula AS, Aldhaleei WA, Rahmani J, Mahabadi MA, Bandari DK. Knowledge and perceptions of COVID-19 among health care workers: cross-sectional study. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2020;6(2):e19160. doi:10.2196/19160
  • Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020 Mar 17;323(11):1061-1069. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.1585
  • Friese CR, Veenema TG, Johnson JS, Jayaraman S, Chang JC, Clever LH. Respiratory Protection Considerations for Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Health Secur. 2020;18(3). doi:10.1089/ hs.2020.0036
  • Meng L, Qiu H, Wan L, Ai Y, Xue Z, Guo Q, et al. Intubation and Ventilation amid the COVID-19 Outbreak: Wuhan's Experience. Anesthesiology. 2020 Jun;132(6):1317-1332. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000003296
  • Pappa S, Ntella V, Giannakas T, Giannakoulis VG, Papoutsi E, Katsaounou P. Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis [published online ahead of print, 2020 May 8]. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;S0889-1591(20)30845-X. doi:10.1016/j. bbi.2020.05.026
  • Kisely S, Warren N, McMahon L, Dalais C, Henry I, Siskind D. Occurrence, prevention, and management of the psychological effects of emerging virus outbreaks on healthcare workers: rapid review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2020;369:m1642. Published 2020 May 5. doi:10.1136/bmj.m1642
  • Bohlken J, Schömig F, Lemke MR, Pumberger M, Riedel-Heller SG. COVID-19-Pandemie: Belastungen des medizinischen Personals [COVID-19 Pandemic: Stress Experience of Healthcare Workers- A Short Current Review]. Psychiatr Prax. 2020;47(4):190‐197. doi:10.1055/a-1159-5551
  • Gold JA. Covid-19: adverse mental health outcomes for healthcare workers. BMJ. 2020;369:m1815. doi:10.1136/bmj.m1815
  • Zhang M, Zhou M, Tang F, Wang Y, Nie H, Zhang L, et al. Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19 among healthcare workers in Henan, China. J Hosp Infect. 2020 Jun;105(2):183-187. doi:10.1016/j. jhin.2020.04.012.

Türkiye’de COVID-19 Pandemisinin İlk Dönemlerinde Acil Sağlık Profesyonellerinin Deneyimleri ve Stres Durumlarının İncelenmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 1 - 7, 31.01.2022

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma Türkiye’de COVID-19 pandemisinin ilk dönemlerinde acil sağlık profesyonellerinin deneyimleri ve yaşadıkları stresi belirlemek amacı ile yapıldı.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı olarak planlanan araştırma, 01 Mayıs-01 Haziran 2020 tarihleri arasında, Türkiye’de pandemi hastanelerinin acil ünitelerinde görev yapan 210 sağlık çalışanı ile gerçekleştirildi. Örneklem seçimine gidilmedi. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından ilgili literatür taranarak oluşturulan ve acil çalışanlarının demografik özelliklerinin yanısıra, çalışma ortamları, COVID-19 ile ilgili bilgileri, pandemiye ilişkin hissettikleri, tutumları, stres durumları gibi birçok alt başlığı içeren 70 soruluk anket formu ile internet ortamında toplandı.

Bulgular: Katılımcıların COVID-19 hakkındaki güncel bilgi/haberleri birden çok kaynaktan takip ettikleri (%97,6), koruyucu önlemler konusundaki eğitimleri hastanelerdeki hizmet içi eğitimlerden (%22,9) veya birden çok yerden (%58,6) aldığı, kendilerini riskte görme puan ortalamalarının 8,21±2,01 (min-max:1-10) ve birlikte yaşadıkları kişiyi riskte görme puan ortalamalarının 7,99±2,77 (min-max:0-10) olduğu belirlendi. Son bir haftadır hissettikleri stres yoğunluğu ise ort±SD:6,80±2,49 olduğu görüldü.

Sonuç: Acil ünitedeki sağlık çalışanlarının COVID-19 salgını ile ilgili bilgileri pek çok kaynaktan takip etmelerine rağmen, hastanelerin bu konudaki bilgilendirmelerinin yetersiz olduğu, çalışanların kendilerini önemli oranda risk altında hissettikleri, kadınların, hemşirelerin, psikolojik destek almayanların, COVID-19 şüphesi olan hastaların triyajını yapan hemşire, ebe ve sağlık memurlarının yoğun stres hissettikleri tespit edilmiştir.

References

  • Mo Y, Deng L, Zhang L, Lang Q, Liao C, Wang N, et al. Work stress among Chinese nurses to support Wuhan in fighting against COVID-19 epidemic. J Nurs Manag. 2020 Jul;28(5):1002-1009. doi:10.1111/ jonm.13014.
  • Lai CC, Shih TP, Ko WC, Tang HJ, Hsueh PR. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;55(3):105924. doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag. 2020.105924
  • Ferioli M, Cisternino C, Leo V, Pisani L, Palange P, Nava S. Protecting healthcare workers from SARS-CoV-2 infection: practical indications. Eur Respir Rev. 2020;29(155):200068. doi:10.1183/16000617.0068-2020
  • Kursumovic E, Lennane S, Cook TM. Deaths in healthcare workers due to COVID-19: the need for robust data and analysis. Anaesthesia. 2020;10.1111/anae.15116. doi:10.1111/anae.15116
  • The Lancet. COVID-19: protecting health-care workers. Lancet. 2020;395(10228):922. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)306449http:// europepmc.org/article/MED/32199474
  • Lotfinejad N, Peters A, Pittet D. Hand hygiene and the novel coronavirus pandemic: The role of healthcare workers. J Hosp Infect. 2020;S0195-6701(20)30116-X. doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.017
  • Moazzami B, Razavi-Khorasani N, Dooghaie Moghadam A, Farokhi E, Rezaei N. COVID-19 and telemedicine: Immediate action required for maintaining healthcare providers well-being. J Clin Virol. 2020;126:104345. doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104345
  • Tsamakis K, Rizos E, Manolis AJ, Chaidou S, Kympouropoulos S, Spartalis E, et al. COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on mental health of healthcare professionals. Exp Ther Med. 2020 Jun;19(6):3451-3453. doi:10.3892/etm.2020.8646.
  • Hoe Gan W, Wah Lim J, Koh D. Preventing intra-hospital infection and transmission of COVID-19 in healthcare workers [published online ahead of print, 2020 Mar 24]. Saf Health Work. 2020;11(2):241-243. doi:10.1016/j.shaw.2020.03.001
  • Houghton C, Meskell P, Delaney H, Smalle M, Glenton C, Booth A, et al. Barriers and facilitators to healthcare workers' adherence with infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines for respiratory infectious diseases: a rapid qualitative evidence synthesis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Apr 21;4(4):CD013582. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD013582
  • Bhagavathula AS, Aldhaleei WA, Rahmani J, Mahabadi MA, Bandari DK. Knowledge and perceptions of COVID-19 among health care workers: cross-sectional study. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2020;6(2):e19160. doi:10.2196/19160
  • Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020 Mar 17;323(11):1061-1069. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.1585
  • Friese CR, Veenema TG, Johnson JS, Jayaraman S, Chang JC, Clever LH. Respiratory Protection Considerations for Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Health Secur. 2020;18(3). doi:10.1089/ hs.2020.0036
  • Meng L, Qiu H, Wan L, Ai Y, Xue Z, Guo Q, et al. Intubation and Ventilation amid the COVID-19 Outbreak: Wuhan's Experience. Anesthesiology. 2020 Jun;132(6):1317-1332. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000003296
  • Pappa S, Ntella V, Giannakas T, Giannakoulis VG, Papoutsi E, Katsaounou P. Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis [published online ahead of print, 2020 May 8]. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;S0889-1591(20)30845-X. doi:10.1016/j. bbi.2020.05.026
  • Kisely S, Warren N, McMahon L, Dalais C, Henry I, Siskind D. Occurrence, prevention, and management of the psychological effects of emerging virus outbreaks on healthcare workers: rapid review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2020;369:m1642. Published 2020 May 5. doi:10.1136/bmj.m1642
  • Bohlken J, Schömig F, Lemke MR, Pumberger M, Riedel-Heller SG. COVID-19-Pandemie: Belastungen des medizinischen Personals [COVID-19 Pandemic: Stress Experience of Healthcare Workers- A Short Current Review]. Psychiatr Prax. 2020;47(4):190‐197. doi:10.1055/a-1159-5551
  • Gold JA. Covid-19: adverse mental health outcomes for healthcare workers. BMJ. 2020;369:m1815. doi:10.1136/bmj.m1815
  • Zhang M, Zhou M, Tang F, Wang Y, Nie H, Zhang L, et al. Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19 among healthcare workers in Henan, China. J Hosp Infect. 2020 Jun;105(2):183-187. doi:10.1016/j. jhin.2020.04.012.
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors

Besey Ören This is me 0000-0003-4182-7226

Esra Yılmaz 0000-0002-7830-0631

Nurcan Çağlayan 0000-0002-0081-4798

Döndü Güler 0000-0003-2618-4920

Begüm Aslan 0000-0002-1675-1760

Early Pub Date January 30, 2022
Publication Date January 31, 2022
Submission Date January 12, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Ören, B., Yılmaz, E., Çağlayan, N., Güler, D., et al. (2022). Examination of the Experience and Stress Situation of Emergency Health Professionals During the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(1), 1-7.
AMA Ören B, Yılmaz E, Çağlayan N, Güler D, Aslan B. Examination of the Experience and Stress Situation of Emergency Health Professionals During the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey. İKÇÜSBFD. January 2022;7(1):1-7.
Chicago Ören, Besey, Esra Yılmaz, Nurcan Çağlayan, Döndü Güler, and Begüm Aslan. “Examination of the Experience and Stress Situation of Emergency Health Professionals During the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey”. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 7, no. 1 (January 2022): 1-7.
EndNote Ören B, Yılmaz E, Çağlayan N, Güler D, Aslan B (January 1, 2022) Examination of the Experience and Stress Situation of Emergency Health Professionals During the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 7 1 1–7.
IEEE B. Ören, E. Yılmaz, N. Çağlayan, D. Güler, and B. Aslan, “Examination of the Experience and Stress Situation of Emergency Health Professionals During the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey”, İKÇÜSBFD, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1–7, 2022.
ISNAD Ören, Besey et al. “Examination of the Experience and Stress Situation of Emergency Health Professionals During the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey”. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 7/1 (January 2022), 1-7.
JAMA Ören B, Yılmaz E, Çağlayan N, Güler D, Aslan B. Examination of the Experience and Stress Situation of Emergency Health Professionals During the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey. İKÇÜSBFD. 2022;7:1–7.
MLA Ören, Besey et al. “Examination of the Experience and Stress Situation of Emergency Health Professionals During the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey”. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 7, no. 1, 2022, pp. 1-7.
Vancouver Ören B, Yılmaz E, Çağlayan N, Güler D, Aslan B. Examination of the Experience and Stress Situation of Emergency Health Professionals During the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey. İKÇÜSBFD. 2022;7(1):1-7.



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