AB’de “Çoğunlukçu Olmayan Kurumlar” Olarak AB Ajanslarının İyi Yönetişim İlkeleri Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 26, 175 - 195, 28.02.2025

Feza Solak Tuygun

https://doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.1600642

Abstract

Çoğunlukçu olmayan kurumlar, kamu geliriyle finanse edilen ve kamusal bir işlevi yerine getiren ancak, seçilmiş politikacılardan belirli ölçüde bağımsız olarak varlığını sürdüren kurumlardır. AB’de birçok politika alanındaki yetkiler, ulus-üstü nitelikte çoğunlukçu olmayan kurumlar olarak AB ajanslarına devredilmektedir. AB ajanslarına yetki devrinin meşru olması, bu kurumların artan sayılarıyla birlikte “demokratik ilkelerle uyumu” sorununu gündeme getirmiştir. Demokratik yönetimin temel ilkelerini “iyi yönetişim” anlayışıyla yönetim süreçlerine dâhil eden AB, daha fazla demokrasi, şeffaflık ve yetki devri ile demokratik meşruiyetin güçlendirilmesi için Avrupa Yönetişimine İlişkin Beyaz Kitap’ı (2001) yayınlamış; bu kitapta bağımsızlık, hesap verebilirlik, şeffaflık ve katılım gerekliliklerini içeren iyi yönetişimin bir dizi temel ilkesini belirlemiştir. Bu çalışmada, AB ajanslarının Avrupa Yönetişimine İlişkin Beyaz Kitap’ta (2001) belirtilen bu ilkelere “uyumu” ele alınmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi yönteminin kullanıldığı çalışmada, AB karar alma sürecinin etkinliğini arttırmak ve meşruiyetini güçlendirmek için ajansların kurumsal yapıları ve etkileşimleri ile iyi yönetişim ilkelerine uyumları konusunda tutarlılığın sağlanarak işleyiş yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesi gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Keywords

Çoğunlukçu olmayan kurumlar, Avrupa Birliği, AB ajansları, Demokrasi, İyi yönetişim

Evaluation of EU Agencies as “Non-Majoritarian Institutions” in the Context of Good Governance Principles

Abstract

Non-majoritarian institutions are entities financed by public revenue and serving a public function while operating with a degree of independence from elected politicians. In the EU, authority in various policy areas is delegated to EU agencies, which function as supranational non-majoritarian institutions. The legitimacy of delegating authority to these agencies has raised concerns about "compliance with democratic principles" as their numbers continue to grow. Incorporating the fundamental principles of democratic governance into administrative processes through a "good governance" approach, the EU published the White Paper on European Governance (2001) to enhance democracy, transparency, and legitimacy through delegated authority. This book established a set of core principles for good governance, including independence, accountability, transparency, and participation. This study examines the "compliance" of EU agencies with the principles outlined in the White Paper on European Governance (2001). Utilizing document analysis, a qualitative research method, the study concluded that to enhance the effectiveness of the EU decision-making process and strengthen its legitimacy, it is necessary to ensure consistency in the institutional structures and interactions of the agencies and their compliance with the principles of good governance, while improving their operational methods.

Keywords

Non-majoritarian institutions, European Union, EU agencies, Democracy, Good governance

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