Türkiye’deki Ukraynalıların Hukuki Statülerine İlişkin Muhtemel Senaryolar

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 543 - 602, 30.12.2022

Hasan Basri Bülbül

Abstract

Rusya’nın Ukrayna’yı işgali ile birlikte milyonlarca insan yerinden edildi, bunlardan bir kısmı ise Türkiye’ye geldi. Türkiye Ukrayna vatandaşları için açık kapı politikası izleyip, Ukraynalıların Türkiye’ye giriş ve Türkiye’de kalışlarının kolaylaştırılacağını ilan etti. Bu makalede Türkiye’de bulunan Ukraynalıların kazanabileceği muhtemel hukuki statüler ele alınmaktadır. Bu çerçevede uluslararası koruma, geçici koruma, ikamet izinleri ve Türk soyluların durumu incelenmiştir. Uluslararası koruma başlığı altında Ukraynalılar şartları sağlamaları halinde mülteci veya ikincil koruma statüleri elde edebilirler. Uluslararası korumaya başvurmak istemezler ise kendilerine uygun bir ikamet izninden de yararlanabilirler. Kısa dönem ikamet izinleri ve özellikle insani ikamet izni Ukraynalıların çoğu için en kolay elde edilebilir seçenekler olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Ukrayna’dan gelen Türk soylular ise daha ayrıcalıklı bir rejimden faydalanmaktadırlar.

Keywords

Ukrainians in Turkey, International Protection, Temporary Protection, Residence Permits, People of Turkish Descent from Ukraine, Türkiye’deki Ukraynalılar, Uluslararası Koruma, İkamet İzinleri, Geçici Koruma, Ukrayna’dan Gelen Türk Soylular

Ukrainians in Turkey: Probable Scenarios Regarding their Legal Statuses

Abstract

Millions of people have been forcibly displaced after the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Some of them are now hosted in Turkey. The Turkish government has pursued an opendoor policy for Ukrainian nationals and announced that it will make their entry and stay of them in Turkey easier. This article analyses the probable legal statuses that Ukrainians can obtain in Turkey. International protection, temporary protection, residence permits, and the situation of people of Turkish descent are then examined respectively. Ukrainians can get refugee status and subsidiary protection provided that they meet the relevant criteria. If they do not wish to apply for international protection, they can avail themselves of residence permits. Short-term residence permit and particularly humanitarian residence permit seem to be the easiest options for most Ukrainians. People of Turkish descent from Ukraine, on the other hand, are subjected to a special regime.

Keywords

Ukrainians in Turkey, International Protection, Temporary Protection, Residence Permits, People of Turkish Descent from Ukraine, Türkiye’deki Ukraynalılar, Uluslararası Koruma, İkamet İzinleri, Geçici Koruma, Ukrayna’dan Gelen Türk Soylular

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