Hukuk Devletinde İnsan Hâkimin Rolünü Yeniden Düşünmek

Halil Çiçekfidan

Research Article

Rethinking the Role of the Human Judge in the Rule of Law

Year 2025, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 89 - 150, 28.06.2025

Abstract

The rule of law aspires to establish a just and objective order in which the law prevails over the arbitrary rule of man. To achieve this ideal, it envisages principles of legality that ensure the objectivity of law and adjudication. One of the most important roles in the realization of the principled vision rests with the judge. The mind-independent laws apply to the facts by the judge’s rational endeavor. The rule of law does not ignore the inevitability of subjectivity in human conduct. In fact, it makes room for subjectivity in the sense that it saves the legal order from being purely mechanical and humanizes it with social values. At the same time, it reconciles the objectivity of law with the judge’s relative subjectivity through rational legal reasoning and justified judgments.

Legal AI applications throw into question the centrality of human judges. The potential for AI to develop human-like legal reasoning and possibly take on judicial decision-making functions compels a reconsideration of the judge’s role in the rule of law. Our research suggests that constitutionalized social values necessitate a human element in adjudication, though AI can positively enhance effectiveness and efficiency within the judiciary.

Keywords

the rule of law , human judge , artificial intelligence , objectivity , judge’s role

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Hukuk Devletinde İnsan Hâkimin Rolünü Yeniden Düşünmek

Year 2025, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 89 - 150, 28.06.2025

Halil Çiçekfidan

Abstract

Hukuk devleti insanın keyfî yönetimi yerine hukukun hâkim olduğu adil ve objektif düzen idealidir. Bu hedefi gerçekleştirmek için hukukun ve yargılamanın objektifliğini sağlayacak hukukilik ilkeleri öngörür. İlkesel vizyonun hayata geçirilmesinde ise en önemli rollerden biri hâkime aittir. Öznelerden bağımsız bir varoluşa sahip hukuk kurallarının vakıaya etkisi hâkim eliyle gerçekleşir. Hukuk devleti anlayışı insan edimi söz konusu olduğunda sübjektifliğin kaçınılmazlığını göz ardı etmez. Hatta, ahlaki değerlerle genişleyen anlamıyla hukuk devleti, nötr hukuk düzenini bütünüyle mekanik olmaktan kurtarma ve toplumsal değerlerle insanileştirme yönüyle sübjektifliğe alan açar. Buna karşın, kural temelli rasyonel hukuki muhakeme ve hükmün gerekçelendirilmesi gibi tedbirlerle hukukun objektifliği ile yargılamanın görece sübjektifliğini birbirini tamamlayacak unsurlar olarak konumlandırır.

Yapay zekâ teknolojilerinin hukuk alanında günden güne yaygınlık kazanması, hukukun uygulanmasında hâkimin merkezi rolüne dair yerleşik kabullerin sorgulanmasını beraberinde getirmektedir. Yapay zekâ uygulamalarının hukuki muhakeme kabiliyeti kazanması ve ilerleyen süreçte hâkime yardımcı bir araç olmaktan öteye geçerek yargısal karar verme rolünü üstlenmesi ihtimali, mevcut hukuk devleti anlayışı içinde hâkimin işlevini yeniden düşünmeyi gerektirir. Çalışmamızda, insan hâkimin sistem içindeki işlevi irdelendikten sonra, anayasal nitelik kazandırılan toplumsal değerlerin yargılamada insan unsurunu zorunlu kıldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bununla birlikte, yapay zekâ uygulamalarının yargılamada etkililiği ve verimliliği artıracak potansiyelinden yararlanmanın olumlu katkılar sunacağı vurgulanmıştır.

Keywords

hukuk devleti , insan hâkim , yapay zekâ , objektiflik , hâkimin rolü

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Primary Language	Turkish
Subjects	Law, Science and Technology
Journal Section	Public Law
Authors	Halil Çiçekfidan 0000-0001-8422-026X
Publication Date	June 28, 2025
Submission Date	November 19, 2024
Acceptance Date	March 6, 2025
Published in Issue	Year 2025 Volume: 12 Issue: 1

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APA	Çiçekfidan, H. (2025). Hukuk Devletinde İnsan Hâkimin Rolünü Yeniden Düşünmek. İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(1), 89-150.
AMA	Çiçekfidan H. Hukuk Devletinde İnsan Hâkimin Rolünü Yeniden Düşünmek. IMUFLR. June 2025;12(1):89-150.
Chicago	Çiçekfidan, Halil. “Hukuk Devletinde İnsan Hâkimin Rolünü Yeniden Düşünmek”. İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 12, no. 1 (June 2025): 89-150.
EndNote	Çiçekfidan H (June 1, 2025) Hukuk Devletinde İnsan Hâkimin Rolünü Yeniden Düşünmek. İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 12 1 89–150.
IEEE	H. Çiçekfidan, “Hukuk Devletinde İnsan Hâkimin Rolünü Yeniden Düşünmek”, IMUFLR, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 89–150, 2025.
ISNAD	Çiçekfidan, Halil. “Hukuk Devletinde İnsan Hâkimin Rolünü Yeniden Düşünmek”. İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 12/1 (June2025), 89-150.
JAMA	Çiçekfidan H. Hukuk Devletinde İnsan Hâkimin Rolünü Yeniden Düşünmek. IMUFLR. 2025;12:89–150.
MLA	Çiçekfidan, Halil. “Hukuk Devletinde İnsan Hâkimin Rolünü Yeniden Düşünmek”. İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 1, 2025, pp. 89-150.
Vancouver	Çiçekfidan H. Hukuk Devletinde İnsan Hâkimin Rolünü Yeniden Düşünmek. IMUFLR. 2025;12(1):89-150.

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