GELENEKSEL ANLATIDAN DİJİTAL ESTETİĞE: "BİRDMAN" FİLMİ ÜZERİNDEN BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 1 - 26, 05.06.2025

Ali Ozturk

https://doi.org/10.47107/inifedergi.1511074

Abstract

Dijital sinema, 20. yüzyılın sonlarından itibaren gelişen teknolojik yeniliklerin etkisiyle, geleneksel film yapım süreçlerinden ayrışarak sinema üretiminde köklü bir dönüşüm başlatmıştır. Analog film teknolojisinin sınırlılıklarını aşan dijitalleşme süreci, sinemanın yalnızca teknik boyutunu değil, aynı zamanda estetik ve kuramsal temellerini de derinlemesine etkilemiş; görsel anlatının sınırlarını genişletmiştir. Bu dönüşüm, salt teknolojik bir ilerleme olarak değil, aynı zamanda sinema sanatının düşünsel paradigmalarında meydana gelen bir kırılma olarak değerlendirilmelidir.
Dijital sinemanın tarihsel gelişimi, 1990’lı yıllarda dijital görsel efektlerin yaygınlaşmasıyla ivme kazanmış, 2000’li yıllarda ise dijital kameraların film yapım süreçlerine entegre edilmesiyle birlikte belirleyici bir üretim normuna dönüşmüştür. Bu çalışma, dijital sinemanın tarihsel ve kuramsal bağlamda geleneksel sinema anlayışından nasıl farklılaştığını incelemekte ve Alejandro G. Iñárritu’nun Birdman (2014) filmi üzerinden bu dönüşümün somut bir örneğini analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Birdman, dijital sinemanın sunduğu teknik ve estetik olanakları kullanarak geleneksel sinema unsurlarıyla harmanlayan; bu yönüyle iki sinema anlayışı arasındaki geçiş sürecini temsil eden nitelikli bir yapımdır. Çalışmada, filmin anlatı yapısı ve biçimsel özelliklerini değerlendirmek amacıyla neoformalist analiz yöntemi benimsenmiştir. Neoformalist yaklaşım, anlatının içeriğinden ziyade biçimsel öğelere odaklanarak sinematik anlam üretim süreçlerini çözümlemeye imkân tanır. Bu çerçevede, filmin uzun plan tekniği, dijital kurgu biçimleri ve görsel anlatı stratejileri incelenmekte; dijitalleşmenin sinema sanatına kazandırdığı estetik yenilikler ve bu yeniliklerin geleneksel sinemayla kurduğu ilişki tartışılmaktadır. Ayrıca, dijital teknolojilerin sinemada gerçeklik olgusunu nasıl yeniden tanımladığına dair kuramsal bir değerlendirme sunulmaktadır.

Keywords

Dijital sinema , film endüstrisi , dijital kamera , sinema izleyicisi, Dijital Film çekimi

FROM TRADITIONAL NARRATIVE TO DIGITAL AESTHETICS: AN EVALUATION ON THE MOVIE "BIRDMAN"

Abstract

Digital cinema has entered a radical transformation process in the cinema industry by separating itself from traditional film production processes under the influence of technological innovations since the end of the 20th century. Digitalization, which has surpassed the limits of analog film technology, has opened new horizons in both the production and aesthetic dimensions of cinema; and expanded the boundaries of visual narrative. This transformation should be evaluated not only as a technical innovation, but also as an important paradigm shift that transformed the theoretical approaches of cinema. The historical development of digital cinema accelerated with the widespread use of digital effects in the 1990s, and with the integration of digital cameras into production processes in the 2000s, this transformation became a determining factor in cinema production. This article analyzes how digital cinema has historically and theoretically differentiated itself from traditional cinema and aims to embody this transformation through Alejandro G. Iñárritu’s film ‘Birdman’ (2014). Birdman combines the aesthetic and technical possibilities offered by digital cinema with the elements of traditional cinema, and constitutes an important example reflecting the transition process between these two cinematic approaches. In this study, the neoformalist analysis method was adopted in order to analyze the narrative and formal structure of the film. The neoformalist approach examines the processes of producing cinematic meaning by focusing not only on the narrative content of the film but also on its formal features. The study discusses the aesthetic innovations that digitalization has created in the art of cinema and the relationship that these innovations establish with traditional cinema through the elements of the film such as long-shot shooting technique, digital editing and visual narration. It also presents an assessment of how digital technologies have redefined the concept of reality in cinema.

Keywords

Digital Cinema , film industry , digital camera , cinema audience , Birdman

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