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Dental Anomalies and Pathological Lesions on Panoramic Radiographs of Children Aged 4-12: A Retrospective Study

Year 2024, , 249 - 263, 19.02.2024
https://doi.org/10.33715/inonusaglik.1391298

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of dental anomalies and pathologies detected in children between the ages of 4 and 12 years and their distribution according to gender and location. Panoramic radiographs of 3112 patients between the ages of 4-12 years who presented to the pediatric dental clinic within 1 year were retrospectively analyzed for dental anomalies and pathologic lesions. Dental anomalies were classified according to the subheadings of number, size, shape, and condition anomalies. The data obtained were classified according to gender, age groups, and jaws and their relationships were statistically evaluated. Among the patients aged between 4 and 12 years; 1504 were girls (48.3%) and 1608 were boys (51.7%). The prevalence of dental anomalies and pathologic lesions was higher in boys. The highest prevalence was observed in 10-year-old boys (1.24%) and the lowest in 4-year-old girls (0.20%). The findings of microdontia in the maxilla and hypodontia in the mandible were statistically significantly higher in girls. In boys, hyperdontia in the maxilla and pathological lesion findings in the mandible was significantly higher. In the age group of 10 years, hypodontia, dental anomalies and pathologic lesions in boys were statistically higher than in girls (p < 0.05). In this study, hypodontia was the most common and taurodontism was the least common. In pediatric patients, radiographic examinations should be performed in a complete and accurate manner.

References

  • Afify, A. R., & Zawawi, K. H. (2012). The prevalence of dental anomalies in the Western region of saudi arabia. ISRN dentistry, 2012, 837270. https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/837270
  • Al-Amiri, A., Tabbaa, S., Preston, C. B., & Al-Jewair, T. (2013). The prevalence of dental anomalies in orthodontic patients at the State University of New York at Buffalo. The journal of contemporary dental practice, 14(3), 518–523. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1354
  • Ansari G. Golpayegani M. V. & Welbury R. (2019). Atlas of pediatric oral and dental developmental anomalies. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Arandi, N. (2020). Hyperdontia: Exploring the Developmental Abnormality. Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research. 14. 10.26444/jpccr/130372.
  • Backman, B., & Wahlin, Y. B. (2001). Variations in number and morphology of permanent teeth in 7-year-old Swedish children. International journal of paediatric dentistry, 11(1), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-263x.2001.00205.x
  • Bağ İ. (2022). Investigation of Dental Anomalies in Children in Kütahya Province Population: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences. 28(4):832-838, doi:10.5336/dentalsci.2022-89075
  • Bakhurji, E. A., Aldossary, F., Aljarbo, J., AlMuhammadi, F., Alghamdi, M., & Nazir, M. A. (2021). Prevalence and Distribution of Nonsyndromic Dental Anomalies in Children in Eastern Saudi Arabia: A Radiographic Study. TheScientificWorldJournal, 2021, 9914670. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9914670
  • Bilodeau, E. A., & Hunter, K. D. (2021). Odontogenic and Developmental Oral Lesions in Pediatric Patients. Head and neck pathology, 15(1), 71–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12105-020-01284-3
  • Brook A. H. (1984). A unifying aetiological explanation for anomalies of human tooth number and size. Archives of oral biology, 29(5), 373–378. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-9969(84)90163-8
  • Brook A. H. (2009). Multilevel complex interactions between genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors in the aetiology of anomalies of dental development. Archives of oral biology, 54 Suppl 1(Suppl 1), S3–S17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2009.09.005
  • Büyükgöze Dindar, M., & Tekbaş Atay, M. (2022). Prevalence of Dental Anomalies Assessed Using Panoramic Radiographs in a Sample of the Turkish Population. The Chinese journal of dental research, 25(3), 189–196. https://doi.org/10.3290/j.cjdr.b3317997
  • Can Karabulut D., Er F., Orhan K., Solak H., Karabulut B., Aksoy S., Cengiz E., Basmacı F., Aksoy U. (2011). Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyetinde diş hekimliği fakültesine başvuran yetişkin popülasyonda diş gelişim bozukluklarına sahip bireylerin oranı. Gülhane Tıp Dergisi. 53. 154-161.
  • Cardesa A, Slootweg PJ, Gale N, Franchi A.(2017). Pathology of the head and neck. 2nd ed., Heidelberg: Springer
  • Cunha MGM, Nicollo R di, Teramoto L, Fava M. (2013).Prevalence of dental anomalies in children analyzed by orthopantomography. Braz Dent Sci. 16(4):28-33. doi: 10.14295/bds.2013.v16i4.925
  • Fekonja A. (2017). Prevalence of dental developmental anomalies of permanent teeth in children and their influence on esthetics. Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.], 29(4), 276–283. https://doi.org/10.1111/jerd.12302
  • Gupta, S. K., Saxena, P., Jain, S, (2011). Prevalence and distribution of selected developmental dental anomalies in an Indian population. Journal of oral science, 53(2), 231–238. https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.53.231
  • Haugland, L., Storesund, T., & Radunovic, V.V. (2013). Prevalence of dental anomalies in Norwegian school children. Open J Stomatol, 3(6), 329-333. doi: 10.4236/ojst.2013.36055
  • Ignelzi, M. A., Jr, Fields, H. W., & Vann, W. F., Jr (1989). Screening panoramic radiographs in children: prevalence data and implications. Pediatric dentistry, 11(4), 279–285.
  • Jafarzadeh, H., Azarpazhooh, A., & Mayhall, J. T. (2008). Taurodontism: a review of the condition and endodontic treatment challenges. International endodontic journal, 41(5), 375–388. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01388.x
  • Karadas, M., Celikoglu, M., & Akdag, M. S. (2014). Evaluation of tooth number anomalies in a subpopulation of the North-East of Turkey. European journal of dentistry, 8(3), 337–341. https://doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.137641
  • Kathariya, M. D., Nikam, A. P., Chopra, K., Patil, N. N., Raheja, H., & Kathariya, R. (2013). Prevalence of Dental Anomalies among School Going Children in India. Journal of international oral health : JIOH, 5(5), 10–14.
  • Kazanci, F., Celikoglu, M., Miloglu, O., Ceylan, I., & Kamak, H. (2011). Frequency and distribution of developmental anomalies in the permanent teeth of a Turkish orthodontic patient population. Journal of Dental Sciences, 6(2), 82-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jds.2011.03.003
  • Kirzioğlu, Z., Köseler Sentut, T., Ozay Ertürk, M. S., & Karayilmaz, H. (2005). Clinical features of hypodontia and associated dental anomalies: a retrospective study. Oral diseases, 11(6), 399–404. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-0825.2005.01138.x Laganà, G., Venza, N., Borzabadi-Farahani, A., Fabi, F., Danesi, C., & Cozza, P. (2017). Dental anomalies: prevalence and associations between them in a large sample of non-orthodontic subjects, a cross-sectional study. BMC oral health, 17(1), 62. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-017-0352-y
  • Lim, J. Y., Kim, I. H., & Song, J. S. (2020). Analysis of the Prevalence of Taurodont Deciduous Molars in Children. https://doi.org/10.5933/JKAPD.2020.47.4.438
  • Mallya, S., & Lam, E. (2018). White and Pharoah's oral radiology: principles and interpretation. 8th ed., St.Louis: Elsevier.
  • Mrinalini, M., & Chetan, C. (2015). True generalized macrodontia in a case of rabson–mendenhall syndrome. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathology, 27(3), 357-360.
  • Pallikaraki, G., Sifakakis, I., Gizani, S., Makou, M., & Mitsea, A. (2020). Developmental dental anomalies assessed by panoramic radiographs in a Greek orthodontic population sample. European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, 21(2), 223–228. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-019-00476-y Pekiner, F. N., Borahan, M. O., Gümrü, B., & Aytugar, E. (2011). Rate of incidental findings of pathology and dental anomalies in paediatric patients: A radiographic study. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 1(2), 112.
  • Peltola, J. S., Wolf, J., Männik, A., Russak, S., Seedre, T., Sirkel, M., & Vink, M. (1997). Radiographic findings in the teeth and jaws of 14- to 17-year-old Estonian schoolchildren in Tartu and Tallinn. Acta odontologica Scandinavica, 55(1), 31–35. https://doi.org/10.3109/00016359709091938
  • Pillai, K. G., Scipio, J. E., Nayar, K., & Louis, N. (2007). Prevalence of taurodontism in premolars among patients at a tertiary care institution in Trinidad. The West Indian medical journal, 56(4), 368–371.
  • Rajab, L. D., & Hamdan, M. A. (2002). Supernumerary teeth: review of the literature and a survey of 152 cases. International journal of paediatric dentistry, 12(4), 244–254. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-263x.2002.00366.x
  • Rølling, S., & Poulsen, S. (2001). Oligodontia in Danish schoolchildren. Acta odontologica Scandinavica, 59(2), 111–112. https://doi.org/10.1080/000163501750157298
  • Santosh A.B.R. (2020). Odontogenic Cysts. Dental clinics of North America, 64(1), 105–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cden.2019.08.002
  • Sacal, C., Echeverri, E. A., & Keene, H. (2001). Retrospective survey of dental anomalies and pathology detected on maxillary occlusal radiographs in children between 3 and 5 years of age. Pediatric dentistry, 23(4), 347–350.
  • Shrestha, A., Marla, V., Shrestha, S., & Maharjan, I. K. (2015). Developmental anomalies affecting the morphology of teeth–a review. RSBO Revista Sul-Brasileira de Odontologia, 12(1), 68-78.
  • Shrivastava, S., Tijare, M., Singh, S. (2011). Fusion/Double Teeth. Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology. 23. S468-S470. 10.5005/jp-journals-10011-1200.
  • Sökücü, O., Ünal, M., Topcuoğlu, T., Öztaş, N. (2009). Çocuklarda daimi dentisyonda hipodonti görülme sıklığı. Gazi Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, 26(1), 33-37.
  • Talukdar, M., Kumar, A., Goenka, S., Mahajani, M., Ambhore, M. P., & Tattu, V. D. (2020). Management of radicular cyst in deciduous molar: A case report. Journal of family medicine and primary care, 9(2), 1222–1225. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1147_19
  • Yassin S. M. (2016). Prevalence and distribution of selected dental anomalies among saudi children in Abha, Saudi Arabia. Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry, 8(5), e485–e490. https://doi.org/10.4317/jced.52870
  • Yildiz Ş., Ataş O., Tekin S., Gezer-Ataş A. (2022). Evaluation of Hypodontia Prevalence in Children 8-15 Years Old in Elazig Province. İnönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksek Okulu Dergisi. 10. 10.33715/inonusaglik.1049499.
  • Zhu, J. F., Marcushamer, M., King, D. L., & Henry, R. J. (1996). Supernumerary and congenitally absent teeth: a literature review. The Journal of clinical pediatric dentistry, 20(2), 87–95.

4-12 YAŞ ARASI ÇOCUKLARIN PANORAMİK RADYOGRAFİLERİNDE GÖRÜLEN DENTAL ANOMALİLER VE PATOLOJİK LEZYONLAR: BİR RETROSPEKTİF ÇALIŞMA

Year 2024, , 249 - 263, 19.02.2024
https://doi.org/10.33715/inonusaglik.1391298

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, çocuk diş kliniğine başvuran 4-12 yaş aralığındaki çocuklarda tespit edilen dental anomalilerin ve patolojilerin sıklığını, cinsiyete ve yerlerine göre dağılımlarını belirlemektir. 1 yıl içinde pedodonti kliniğine başvuran 4-12 yaş aralığında 3112 hastanın panoramik radyografileri, dental anomali ve patolojik lezyon açısından retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Dental anomaliler; sayı, boyut, biçim ve durum anomalilerinin alt başlıklarına göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler; cinsiyet, yaş grupları ve çenelere göre sınıflandırılarak ilişkileri istatiksel olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmaya dahil olan 4-12 yaşları arasındaki hastaların; 1504'ü kız (%48.3) ve 1608'i erkektir (%51.7). Dental anomali ve patolojik lezyon prevalansı; erkek çocuklarında daha yüksektir. En yüksek vaka prevalansı 10 yaş erkek çocuklarında (%1.24) görülürken; en düşük vaka prevalansı 4 yaş kız çocuklarında (%0.20) tespit edilmiştir. Kız çocuklarında; maksilladaki mikrodonti ve mandibuladaki hipodonti bulguları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunmuştur. Erkek çocuklarda ise; maksillada hiperdonti, mandibulada patolojik lezyon bulguları anlamlı şekilde yüksek tespit edilmiştir. 10 yaş grubunda erkek çocuklarda görülen hipodonti, dental anomali ve patolojik lezyonlar kız çocuklarına göre istatiksel olarak yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Bu çalışmada en sık hipodonti, en az taurodontizm görülmüştür. Çocuk hastalarda; radyografik incelemeler, eksiksiz ve doğru bir tedavi planında büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Anomalilerin ve patolojik lezyonların erken teşhisi, oluşabilecek komplikasyonların önüne geçebilir.

References

  • Afify, A. R., & Zawawi, K. H. (2012). The prevalence of dental anomalies in the Western region of saudi arabia. ISRN dentistry, 2012, 837270. https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/837270
  • Al-Amiri, A., Tabbaa, S., Preston, C. B., & Al-Jewair, T. (2013). The prevalence of dental anomalies in orthodontic patients at the State University of New York at Buffalo. The journal of contemporary dental practice, 14(3), 518–523. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1354
  • Ansari G. Golpayegani M. V. & Welbury R. (2019). Atlas of pediatric oral and dental developmental anomalies. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Arandi, N. (2020). Hyperdontia: Exploring the Developmental Abnormality. Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research. 14. 10.26444/jpccr/130372.
  • Backman, B., & Wahlin, Y. B. (2001). Variations in number and morphology of permanent teeth in 7-year-old Swedish children. International journal of paediatric dentistry, 11(1), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-263x.2001.00205.x
  • Bağ İ. (2022). Investigation of Dental Anomalies in Children in Kütahya Province Population: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences. 28(4):832-838, doi:10.5336/dentalsci.2022-89075
  • Bakhurji, E. A., Aldossary, F., Aljarbo, J., AlMuhammadi, F., Alghamdi, M., & Nazir, M. A. (2021). Prevalence and Distribution of Nonsyndromic Dental Anomalies in Children in Eastern Saudi Arabia: A Radiographic Study. TheScientificWorldJournal, 2021, 9914670. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9914670
  • Bilodeau, E. A., & Hunter, K. D. (2021). Odontogenic and Developmental Oral Lesions in Pediatric Patients. Head and neck pathology, 15(1), 71–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12105-020-01284-3
  • Brook A. H. (1984). A unifying aetiological explanation for anomalies of human tooth number and size. Archives of oral biology, 29(5), 373–378. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-9969(84)90163-8
  • Brook A. H. (2009). Multilevel complex interactions between genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors in the aetiology of anomalies of dental development. Archives of oral biology, 54 Suppl 1(Suppl 1), S3–S17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2009.09.005
  • Büyükgöze Dindar, M., & Tekbaş Atay, M. (2022). Prevalence of Dental Anomalies Assessed Using Panoramic Radiographs in a Sample of the Turkish Population. The Chinese journal of dental research, 25(3), 189–196. https://doi.org/10.3290/j.cjdr.b3317997
  • Can Karabulut D., Er F., Orhan K., Solak H., Karabulut B., Aksoy S., Cengiz E., Basmacı F., Aksoy U. (2011). Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyetinde diş hekimliği fakültesine başvuran yetişkin popülasyonda diş gelişim bozukluklarına sahip bireylerin oranı. Gülhane Tıp Dergisi. 53. 154-161.
  • Cardesa A, Slootweg PJ, Gale N, Franchi A.(2017). Pathology of the head and neck. 2nd ed., Heidelberg: Springer
  • Cunha MGM, Nicollo R di, Teramoto L, Fava M. (2013).Prevalence of dental anomalies in children analyzed by orthopantomography. Braz Dent Sci. 16(4):28-33. doi: 10.14295/bds.2013.v16i4.925
  • Fekonja A. (2017). Prevalence of dental developmental anomalies of permanent teeth in children and their influence on esthetics. Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.], 29(4), 276–283. https://doi.org/10.1111/jerd.12302
  • Gupta, S. K., Saxena, P., Jain, S, (2011). Prevalence and distribution of selected developmental dental anomalies in an Indian population. Journal of oral science, 53(2), 231–238. https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.53.231
  • Haugland, L., Storesund, T., & Radunovic, V.V. (2013). Prevalence of dental anomalies in Norwegian school children. Open J Stomatol, 3(6), 329-333. doi: 10.4236/ojst.2013.36055
  • Ignelzi, M. A., Jr, Fields, H. W., & Vann, W. F., Jr (1989). Screening panoramic radiographs in children: prevalence data and implications. Pediatric dentistry, 11(4), 279–285.
  • Jafarzadeh, H., Azarpazhooh, A., & Mayhall, J. T. (2008). Taurodontism: a review of the condition and endodontic treatment challenges. International endodontic journal, 41(5), 375–388. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01388.x
  • Karadas, M., Celikoglu, M., & Akdag, M. S. (2014). Evaluation of tooth number anomalies in a subpopulation of the North-East of Turkey. European journal of dentistry, 8(3), 337–341. https://doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.137641
  • Kathariya, M. D., Nikam, A. P., Chopra, K., Patil, N. N., Raheja, H., & Kathariya, R. (2013). Prevalence of Dental Anomalies among School Going Children in India. Journal of international oral health : JIOH, 5(5), 10–14.
  • Kazanci, F., Celikoglu, M., Miloglu, O., Ceylan, I., & Kamak, H. (2011). Frequency and distribution of developmental anomalies in the permanent teeth of a Turkish orthodontic patient population. Journal of Dental Sciences, 6(2), 82-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jds.2011.03.003
  • Kirzioğlu, Z., Köseler Sentut, T., Ozay Ertürk, M. S., & Karayilmaz, H. (2005). Clinical features of hypodontia and associated dental anomalies: a retrospective study. Oral diseases, 11(6), 399–404. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-0825.2005.01138.x Laganà, G., Venza, N., Borzabadi-Farahani, A., Fabi, F., Danesi, C., & Cozza, P. (2017). Dental anomalies: prevalence and associations between them in a large sample of non-orthodontic subjects, a cross-sectional study. BMC oral health, 17(1), 62. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-017-0352-y
  • Lim, J. Y., Kim, I. H., & Song, J. S. (2020). Analysis of the Prevalence of Taurodont Deciduous Molars in Children. https://doi.org/10.5933/JKAPD.2020.47.4.438
  • Mallya, S., & Lam, E. (2018). White and Pharoah's oral radiology: principles and interpretation. 8th ed., St.Louis: Elsevier.
  • Mrinalini, M., & Chetan, C. (2015). True generalized macrodontia in a case of rabson–mendenhall syndrome. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathology, 27(3), 357-360.
  • Pallikaraki, G., Sifakakis, I., Gizani, S., Makou, M., & Mitsea, A. (2020). Developmental dental anomalies assessed by panoramic radiographs in a Greek orthodontic population sample. European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, 21(2), 223–228. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-019-00476-y Pekiner, F. N., Borahan, M. O., Gümrü, B., & Aytugar, E. (2011). Rate of incidental findings of pathology and dental anomalies in paediatric patients: A radiographic study. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 1(2), 112.
  • Peltola, J. S., Wolf, J., Männik, A., Russak, S., Seedre, T., Sirkel, M., & Vink, M. (1997). Radiographic findings in the teeth and jaws of 14- to 17-year-old Estonian schoolchildren in Tartu and Tallinn. Acta odontologica Scandinavica, 55(1), 31–35. https://doi.org/10.3109/00016359709091938
  • Pillai, K. G., Scipio, J. E., Nayar, K., & Louis, N. (2007). Prevalence of taurodontism in premolars among patients at a tertiary care institution in Trinidad. The West Indian medical journal, 56(4), 368–371.
  • Rajab, L. D., & Hamdan, M. A. (2002). Supernumerary teeth: review of the literature and a survey of 152 cases. International journal of paediatric dentistry, 12(4), 244–254. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-263x.2002.00366.x
  • Rølling, S., & Poulsen, S. (2001). Oligodontia in Danish schoolchildren. Acta odontologica Scandinavica, 59(2), 111–112. https://doi.org/10.1080/000163501750157298
  • Santosh A.B.R. (2020). Odontogenic Cysts. Dental clinics of North America, 64(1), 105–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cden.2019.08.002
  • Sacal, C., Echeverri, E. A., & Keene, H. (2001). Retrospective survey of dental anomalies and pathology detected on maxillary occlusal radiographs in children between 3 and 5 years of age. Pediatric dentistry, 23(4), 347–350.
  • Shrestha, A., Marla, V., Shrestha, S., & Maharjan, I. K. (2015). Developmental anomalies affecting the morphology of teeth–a review. RSBO Revista Sul-Brasileira de Odontologia, 12(1), 68-78.
  • Shrivastava, S., Tijare, M., Singh, S. (2011). Fusion/Double Teeth. Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology. 23. S468-S470. 10.5005/jp-journals-10011-1200.
  • Sökücü, O., Ünal, M., Topcuoğlu, T., Öztaş, N. (2009). Çocuklarda daimi dentisyonda hipodonti görülme sıklığı. Gazi Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, 26(1), 33-37.
  • Talukdar, M., Kumar, A., Goenka, S., Mahajani, M., Ambhore, M. P., & Tattu, V. D. (2020). Management of radicular cyst in deciduous molar: A case report. Journal of family medicine and primary care, 9(2), 1222–1225. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1147_19
  • Yassin S. M. (2016). Prevalence and distribution of selected dental anomalies among saudi children in Abha, Saudi Arabia. Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry, 8(5), e485–e490. https://doi.org/10.4317/jced.52870
  • Yildiz Ş., Ataş O., Tekin S., Gezer-Ataş A. (2022). Evaluation of Hypodontia Prevalence in Children 8-15 Years Old in Elazig Province. İnönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksek Okulu Dergisi. 10. 10.33715/inonusaglik.1049499.
  • Zhu, J. F., Marcushamer, M., King, D. L., & Henry, R. J. (1996). Supernumerary and congenitally absent teeth: a literature review. The Journal of clinical pediatric dentistry, 20(2), 87–95.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Community Child Health
Journal Section Araştırma Makalesi
Authors

Ceren Kaplan 0000-0003-1779-1438

Cafer Ataş 0000-0002-3538-5436

Barış Karabulut 0000-0001-5556-6237

Early Pub Date February 11, 2024
Publication Date February 19, 2024
Submission Date November 15, 2023
Acceptance Date January 30, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

APA Kaplan, C., Ataş, C., & Karabulut, B. (2024). 4-12 YAŞ ARASI ÇOCUKLARIN PANORAMİK RADYOGRAFİLERİNDE GÖRÜLEN DENTAL ANOMALİLER VE PATOLOJİK LEZYONLAR: BİR RETROSPEKTİF ÇALIŞMA. İnönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksek Okulu Dergisi, 12(1), 249-263. https://doi.org/10.33715/inonusaglik.1391298