SARI KANTARON (Hypericum perforatum) BİTKİSİNİN ANTİKANSER VE ANTİMİKROBİYAL ÖZELLİKLERİ

Year 2025, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 181 - 191

Hüseyin Karci

https://doi.org/10.33715/inonusaglik.1544916

Abstract

Sarı kantaron (Hypericum perforatum), geleneksel tıpta yaygın olarak kullanılan ve antimikrobiyal ile antitümör gibi önemli farmakolojik özellikler sergileyen bir bitkidir. Bu çalışmada, Malatya ili Pütürge ilçesi Kubbe Dağı eteklerinden toplanan sarı kantaron bitkisinden maserasyon yöntemiyle ekstre hazırlanmış, antimikrobiyal ve antikanser aktiviteleri açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Disk Difüzyon Testi kullanılarak Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Candida albicans (SC5314/ATCC MYA-2876) ve Candida glabrata (ATCC 2001) gibi mikroorganizmalar üzerindeki antimikrobiyal etkinliği araştırılmıştır. Antikanser aktivitek, MTT testiyle HCT116 (insan kolon kanseri), SH-SY5Y (insan beyin kanseri) ve BEAS-2B (insan sağlıklı akciğer hücresi) hücre hatlarında değerlendirilmiş ve elde edilen IC50 değerleri, standart antikanser ilacı Cisplatin ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Antimikrobiyal aktivite için, inhibisyon bölgeleri incelendiğinde C. albicans ve C. glabrata mayalarında inhibisyon göstermemiş, E. coli’de 9,33±0,78 mm, P. aeruginosa’da 12.17±0,53 mm ve S. aureus’ta 11.73±0.41 mm olarak hesaplanmıştır. Antkanser aktiviteleri ise sağlıklı hücre hattı BEAS-2B hücrelerinde 48.87±7.03 μg/mL, IC50 değeriyle düşük sitotoksisite, kanserli hücre hatlarında IC50 değerleri SH-SY5Y hücre hattında 23.27±3.35 μg/mL, HCT116 hücre hattında ise 10.67±3.05 μg/mL değerleriyle yüksek sitotoksisiste tespit edilmiştir. Sarı kantaron ekstresi sağlıklı hücrelere zarar vermeden kanser hücrelerini etkili bir şekilde hedef alabildiğini ve seçici toksisiteye sahip olabileceğini göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak; P. aeruginosa ve S. aureus’a karşı etkili antimikrobiyal aktivite ve kanserli hücre hatlarında güçlü sitotoksisite sergileyerek doğal tedavi ajanı olarak değerlendirilebilecek bir potansiyel ortaya koymuştur.

Keywords

Antikanser, Antimikrobiyal, Disk difüzyon testi, MTT, Sarı kantaron

Anti-Cancer and Antimicrobial Properties of St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum)

Abstract

St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum) is a medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine, known for its significant pharmacological properties, including antimicrobial and antitumor activities. In this study, extracts of Hypericum perforatum were prepared using the maceration method from plants collected at the foothills of Kubbe Mountain, located in the Pütürge district of Malatya province. These extracts were evaluated for their antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Antimicrobial activity was investigated against microorganisms, including Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Candida albicans (SC5314/ATCC MYA-2876), and Candida glabrata (ATCC 2001), using the Disk Diffusion Test. Anticancer activity was assessed in HCT116 (human colon cancer), SH-SY5Y (human brain cancer), and BEAS-2B (human healthy lung cell) lines using the MTT assay, with IC50 values compared to those of the standard anticancer drug, Cisplatin. Regarding antimicrobial activity, the inhibition zones were measured as 9.33±0.78 mm for E. coli, 12.17±0.53 mm for P. aeruginosa, and 11.73±0.41 mm for S. aureus. No inhibition was observed for the yeasts C. albicans and C. glabrata. Low cytotoxicity was observed in the healthy cell line BEAS-2B, with an IC50 value of 48.87 ± 7.03 μg/mL, whereas high cytotoxicity was detected in cancer cell lines, with IC50 values of 23.27±3.35 μg/mL for SH-SY5Y and 10.67±3.05 μg/mL for HCT116. These findings indicate that Hypericum perforatum extract can effectively target cancer cells while sparing healthy cells, suggesting its potential for selective toxicity. In conclusion, Hypericum perforatum extract demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, as well as strong cytotoxicity in cancer cell lines, highlighting its potential as a natural therapeutic agent.

Keywords

Anticancer, Antimicrobial, Disk diffusion test, MTT, St. John

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