Otomotiv Sektöründe Çalışan Adolesanların Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışlarının Belirlenmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 74 - 88

Fatma Bozdağ , Serap Balcı

https://doi.org/10.33715/inonusaglik.1574960

Abstract

Araştırma sanayide çalışan adolesanların sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırma Mayıs-Aralık 2021 tarihleri arasında otomotiv sanayi sitesinde çalışan 14-17 yaş arasındaki 200 adolesan çocuk ile tamamlanmıştır. Veriler, Bilgi Formu ve Adolesan Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranış Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Sanayide çalışan adolesanların çoğunluğunun 15 yaş ve üzeri olduğu, çalışmaya 14 yaşından önce başladıkları, 3 yıldan daha az süredir çalıştıkları, eğitim sürecine devam ettikleri, günlük 8 saatin üzerinde çalıştıkları, çıraklara ödenmesi gereken ücretin altında ücret aldıkları ve hepsinin cinsiyetinin erkek olduğu saptanmıştır. Adolesanların sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları ölçeği ve alt boyutlarından aldıkları puanlar incelendiğinde, orta düzeyin biraz üzerinde sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışına sahip oldukları bulunmuştur. Eğitime devam etme durumunun, günlük çalışma ve mola saatlerinin adolesanların sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Otomotiv sanayide çalışan adolesanların sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının iyileştirilebilmesi için eğitime devamlılıkları desteklenmeli, günlük çalışma saati ve mola saatleri gibi çalışma şartlarına ilişkin düzenlemeler gereklidir.

Keywords

Adolesan, Çalışan çocuk, Davranış, Otomotiv sanayi, Sağlıklı yaşam biçimi

Ethical Statement

Araştırmanın verileri toplanılmadan önce bir üniversitenin klinik araştırmalar etik kurulundan 29.03.2021 tarihli ve HRU/21.07.26 sayılı etik kurul onayı ile valilikten çalışma izni alınmıştır.

DETERMINATION OF HEALTHY LIFESTYLE BEHAVIORS OF ADOLESCENTS WORKING IN THE AUTOMOTİVE SECTOR

Abstract

This study aims to determine the healthy lifestyle behaviors of adolescents working in the industry. The research was completed between May and December 2021 with 200 adolescents child aged 14-17 working in the auto industry site. Data were collected using an information form and the Adolescent Lifestyle Profile Scale. It was determined that the majority of adolescents working in the industry were 15 years of age or older, started working before the age of 14, had been working for less than 3 years, were continuing their education, worked more than 8 hours a day, received wages below those paid to apprentices, and were all male. When the scores of the adolescents on the healthy lifestyle behaviors scale and its sub-dimensions were examined, it was found that they had healthy lifestyle behaviors slightly above the moderate level. It was found that educational attendance, daily working hours, and break times significantly affected the healthy lifestyle behaviors of adolescents. To improve the healthy lifestyle behaviors of adolescents working in the auto industry, their educational attendance should be supported, and regulations regarding working conditions such as daily working hours and break times are necessary.

Keywords

Adolescent, Auto industry, Behavior, Healthy lifestyle, Working child

Ethical Statement

Before collecting the data of the study, a study permit was obtained from the governorship with the approval of the clinical research ethics committee of a university (Date: 29.03.2021, Number: HRU/21.07.26).

References

• Amon, J. J., Buchanan, J., Cohen, J. & Kippenberg, J. (2012). Child labor and environmental health: government obligations and human rights. International Journal of Pediatrics, 2012(1), 938306. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/938306
• Aransiola, T. J. & Justus, M. (2018). Child labor hazard on mental health: Evidence from Brazil. The Journal Mental Health Policy Economics, 21(2), 49-58.
• Ardıc, A. & Esin, M. N. (2015). The adolescent lifestyle profile scale: Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the instrument. The Journal of Nursing Research, 23(1), 33-40. https://doi.org/10.1097/jnr.0000000000000052
• Batomen Kuimi, B. L., Oppong-Nkrumah, O., Kaufman, J., Nazif-Munoz, J. I. & Nandi, A. (2018). Child labour and health: A systematic review. International Journal of Public Health, 63, 663-672. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-018-1075-9
• Bliznashka, L., Roy, A. & Jaacks, L. M. (2022). Pesticide exposure and child growth in low-and middle-income countries: A systematic review. Environmental Research, 215, 114230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114230
• Bozdag, F. & Balcı, S. (2023). Prevalence of musculoskeletal system problems in children working in Turkey's automotive industry. Public Health Nursing, 40(6), 876-884. https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.13243
• Cicek, E. & Cetinkaya, F. (2017). Healthy lifestyle behaviours of high school students in selected county town. Journal of Health Sciences, 26(1), 29-38.
• Convention on the Rights of the Child. (1989). https://www.ihd.org.tr/ble-mletler-cuk-haklarina-da-slee/
• Fanton d’Andon, C., Greene, C., Pellenq, C., Yilma, T. M., Champy, M., Canavera, M. & Pasquini, C. (2022). Child labor and psychosocial wellbeing: Findings from Ethiopia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(13), 7938. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137938
• Fassa, A. G., Faria, N. M. X., Szortyka, A. L. S. C., Meucci, R. D., Fiori, N. S. & Carvalho, M. P. D. (2021). Child labor in family tobacco farms in Southern Brazil: Occupational exposure and related health problems. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(22), 12255. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182212255
• Feeny, S., Posso, A., Skali, A., Jyotishi, A., Nath, S. & Viswanathan, P. K. (2021). Child labor and psychosocial wellbeing: Findings from India. Health Economics, 30(4), 876-902. https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.4224
• Ibrahim, A., Abdalla, S. M., Jafer, M., Abdelgadir, J. & De Vries, N. (2019). Child labor and health: A systematic literature review of the impacts of child labor on child’s health in low-and middle-income countries. Journal of Public Health, 41(1), 18-26. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdy018
• International Labour Organization (ILO). (2021). Child labour. https://www.ilo.org/ankara/areas-of-work/child-labour/lang--tr/index.htm
• Jones, A. (2018). Malnutrition, poverty, and climate change are also human rights ıssues in child labor. Health and Human Rights, 20(2), 249.
• Kaur, N. & Byard, R. W. (2021). Prevalence and potential consequences of child labour in India and the possible impact of COVID-19–a contemporary overview. Medicine, Science and the Law, 61(3), 208-214. https://doi.org/10.1177/0025802421993364
• Luckstead, J., Tsiboe, F. & Nalley, L. L. (2019). Estimating the economic incentives necessary for eliminating child labor in Ghanaian cocoa production. Plos One, 14(6), e0217230. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217230
• Meyer, S. R., Yu, G., Rieders, E. & Stark, L. (2020). Child labor, sex and mental health outcomes amongst adolescent refugees. Journal of Adolescence, 81, 52-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.04.002
• Moayad, S. J., Kamal, S. H. M., Sajjadi, H., Vameghi, M., Harouni, G. G. & Alamdari, S. M. (2021). Child labor in Tehran, Iran: Abuses experienced in work environments. Child Abuse & Neglect, 117, 105054. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105054
• Mohammadi, F., Oshvandi, K., Shamsaei, F., Khodaveisi, M., Khazaei, S. & Masoumi, S. Z. (2023). Child exposure to domestic violence, substance dependence and suicide resilience in child laborers. BMC Public Health, 23(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15367-7
• Omorogiuwa, T. B. (2020). Troubling childhood: The physical and health ıssues experienced by child labourers. Social Work in Public Health, 35(8), 679-688. https://doi.org/10.1080/19371918.2020.1823928
• Ozpolat, A. O. & Aktuna, E. (2023). An assessment of child poverty in Turkey. Ahi Evran University Social Sciences Institute Journal, 9(1), 204-223. https://doi.org/10.31592/aeusbed.1213348
• Posso, A., De Silva Perera, U. & Mishra, A. (2021). Community‐level health programs and child labor: Evidence from Ethiopia. Health Economics, 30(12), 2995-3015. https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.4429
• Pradhan, J., Ray, S., Nielsen, M. O. & Himanshu. (2022). Prevalence and correlates of multidimensional child poverty in India during 2015–2021: A multilevel analysis. Plos One, 17(12), e0279241. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279241
• Radfar, A., Asgharzadeh, S. A. A., Quesada, F. & Filip, I. (2018). Challenges and perspectives of child labor. Industrial Psychiatry Journal, 27(1), 17-20. https://doi.org/10.4103/ipj.ipj_105_14
• Sara, H. H., Bayazid, A. R. & Quayyum, Z. (2022). Occupational health sufferings of child waste workers in South Asia: A scoping review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(14), 8628. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148628
• Scott, N. B. & Pocock, N. S. (2021). The health ımpacts of hazardous chemical exposures among child labourers in low-and middle-income countries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(10), 5496. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105496
• Srivastava, R. N. (2019). Children at work, child labor and modern slavery in India: an overview. Indian Pediatrics, 56, 633-638.
• UNICEF. (2021). Child labour: Global estimates 2020, trends and the road forward. Retrieved December, 15, 2023, from https://data.unicef.org/resources/child-labour-2020-global-estimates-trends-and-the-road-forward/
• UNICEF. (2023). Child labour. https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-protection/child-labour/#status
• Wondimu, H. (2022). A cultural syndicate of society and ngos challenges to deter child labour manipulation in Addis Ababa. Journal of Mother and Child, 25(4), 285-300. https://doi.org/10.34763/jmotherandchild. 20212504.d-21-00032