Engelli Bireylerde Engellilik Türü ve Engellilik Düzeyi Obezite ve Öğün Tüketimini Etkiliyor mu?

Year 2025, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 693 - 706

Çiler Özenir , Fatma Nişancı Kılınç , Biriz Çakır , Emine Merve Ekici

https://doi.org/10.33715/inonusaglik.1642347

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı farklı engel türü ve düzeyine sahip yetişkinlerde obezite ve öğün tüketimini belirlemektir. Çalışma Kırıkkale ilinde özel eğitim ve rehabilitasyon merkezlerine devam eden 209 yetişkin engelli ile yürütülmüştür. Engellilik “zihinsel”, “bedensel” ve “zihinsel ve bedensel” olmak üzere sınıflandırılmıştır. Engellilerin vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu, bel çevresi, vücut yağ yüzdesi ölçülmüş, beden kütle indeksi ve bel/boy oranı hesaplanmıştır. Engellilerin ana ve ara öğün tüketimleri sorgulanmıştır. Engellilerin %56,9’u zihinsel engellidir. Engellilerin %36,8’inin engel oranı %51-75’tir. Engellilik türüne göre sadece vücut yağ yüzdesi gruplar arasında farklılık gösterirken (p=0,035); hem beden kütle indeksi hem de yağ yüzdesi engellilik düzeyine göre farklıdır (p=0,030; p=0,011). Bel/boy oranına göre belirlenen obezite yaygınlığı diğer parametrelere göre daha yüksektir. Zihinsel engelli yetişkinlerin günde 3 ana öğün tüketme yüzdesi fiziksel engelli bireylerden daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p=0,021). Beden kütle indeksine göre engellilerin dörtte birinde obezite, bel çevresine göre ise %34,6'sında santral obezite saptanmıştır. Ayrıca engelli bireyler çoğunlukla 3 ana öğün tüketmektedir.

Keywords

Beden kütle indeksi , Bel çevresi , Engelli yetişkin , Obezite , Öğün tüketimi

Ethical Statement

Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırma Etik Kurulu’ndan (karar no: 2016/6-4, karar tarihi: 15.06.2016) izin alınmıştır.

Supporting Institution

Kırıkkale Valiliği koordinasyonunda, İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü ortaklığıyla, Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanlığı Engelli Destek Programı (EDES) tarafından desteklenen proje kapsamında yürütülmüştür.

Thanks

Çalışmanın veri toplama aşamasındaki desteği için Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Aylin BAYINDIR GÜMÜŞ’e, işbirliği ve katılımları için özel eğitim uygulama ve rehabilitasyon merkezi yöneticilerine, eğitmenlere, engelli yetişkinlere ve ailelerine teşekkür ederiz.

DO DISABILITY TYPE AND SEVERITY AFFECT OBESITY AND MEAL CONSUMPTION IN INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES?

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine obesity and meal consumption patterns among adults with different types and severity of disability. The study was conducted with 209 adults with disabilities attending special education and rehabilitation centers in Kırıkkale. Participants were assigned to three groups: individuals with mental, physical, or combined mental and physical disabilities. Body weight, height, waist circumference, and body fat percentage were measured, and body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHR) were calculated. In addition, participants’ main and snack meal consumption habits were assessed. 56.9% of the participants had mental disabilities. 36.8% had a disability severity between 51–75%. While the body fat percentage differed significantly between groups based on disability type (p=0.035), both BMI and body fat percentage varied significantly according to disability severity (p=0.030; p=0.011). Obesity prevalence that was determined by WHR, was higher than other parameters in adults with disabilities. The proportion of adults with mental disabilities who consumed three main meals per day was higher than those with a physical disability (p=0.021). Eating habits play a key role in preventing and managing obesity in individuals with disabilities; therefore, public health policies should address their specific needs.

Keywords

Body mass index , Disabled adult , Meal consumption , Obesity , Waist Circumference

Ethical Statement

Approval was obtained from the Kırıkkale University Social and Humanities Research Ethics Committee (decision no: 2016/6-4, decision date: 15.06.2016).

Supporting Institution

It was carried out under the coordination of the Kırıkkale Governorship, in partnership with the Provincial Directorate of National Education, within the scope of the project supported by the Ministry of Family and Social Policies Disabled Support Program (EDES).

Thanks

We would like to thank Dr. Aylin BAYINDIR GÜMÜŞ for her support during the data collection phase of the study, as well as the administrators of the special education practice and rehabilitation center, instructors, disabled adults, and their families for their cooperation and participation.

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