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Eğitimde Eşitsizliklerin Kaynağı: Genetik mi Çevre mi?

Year 2021, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 199 - 208, 15.06.2021

Abstract

Eğitimde kitleselleşmenin artması ile toplumların eğitime erişimleri artmış, eğitimden beklentiler de yükselmeye başlamıştır. Ülkeler, eğitim üzerinden beşerî sermayelerinin niteliğini artırarak ekonomik rekabet güçlerini de yükseltmeye çalışmaktadırlar. Özellikle genç nüfusun fırsat penceresi olduğu Türkiye gibi ülkelerde ise bu çok daha önemli bir fırsata dönüşmektedir.

References

  • Arrow, K. J. ve Borzekowski, R. (2004). Limited network connections and the distribution of wages. U.S. Federal Reserve Board, Finance and Economics Discussion Series, No.2004-41.
  • Bourdieu, P. ve Passeron, J. C. (2000). Reproduction in education, society and culture. London: Sage Publication.
  • Bölükbaş, S. ve Gür, B. S. (2020). Tracking and inequality: The results from Turkey. International Journal of Educational Development, 78, 1-9.
  • Briley, D. A. ve Tucker-Drob, E. M. (2014). Genetic and environmental continuity in personality development: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 140(5), 1303-1331.
  • Burks, S. V., Cowgill, B., Hoffman, M. ve Housman, M. (2015). The value of hiring through employee referrals. Querterly Journal of Economics, 130(2), 805-839.
  • Calvo-Armengol, A. (2006). Social networks and labour market outcomes. Els Opuscles del CREI, Universitat pompeu Fabra, No.17.
  • Carter, P. L. (2018). The multidimensional problems of educational inequality require multidimensional solutions. Educational Studies, 54(1), 1-16.
  • Cingöz, Z. K. ve Gür, B. S. (2020). Ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel statünün akademik başarıya etkisi: PISA 2015 ve TEOG 2017 sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması. İnsan ve Toplum, 10(4), 247-288.
  • Coleman, J. S., Campbell, E. Q., Hobson, C. J., McPartland, J., Mood, A. M., Weinfeld, F. D. ve York, R. L. (1966). Equality of educational opportunity. US Office of Education.
  • Cunha, F. ve Heckman, J. J. (2006). The evolution of labor earnings risk in the USA economy. 2006 Meeting Papers, 665.
  • Darling-Hammond, L. (2010). The flat world and education: How America’s commitment to equity will determine our future. Teachers College Press: Colombia University.
  • Dickens, W. T. ve Flynn, J. R. (2001). Heritability estimates versus large environmental effects: The IQ paradox resolved. Psychological Review, 108, 346-369.
  • DiMaggio, P. ve Garip, F. (2012). Network effects and social inequality. Annual Review of Sociology, 38, 93-118.
  • Feinstein, L. (2003). Inequality in the early cognitive development of British children in the 1970 cohort. Economica, 70(277), 73-97.
  • Gee, L. K., Jones, J. ve Burke, M. (2017). Social networks and labor markets: How strong ties relate to job finding on Facebook’s social networks. Journal of Labor Market, 35(2), 485-518.
  • Granovetter, M. S. (1973). The strength of weak ties. American Journal of Sociology, 78, 1360-1380.
  • Granovetter, M. S. (1974). Getting a job: A study of contacts and careers. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.
  • Gür, B. S., Özoğlu, M., Akgeyik, T. ve Çetinkaya, E. vd. (2012). Türkiye’nin insan kaynağının belirlenmesi. Ankara: SETA Yayınları.
  • Hirsch, E. D. (2007). The knowledge deficit: Closing the shocking education gap for American children. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
  • Hurst, J. M. (2016). The impact of networks on unemployment. Palgrave Macmillan: Springer Nature.
  • Johnson, W., Penke, L. ve Spinath, F. M. (2011). Heritability in the era of molecular genetics: Some thought for understanding genetic influences on behavioral traits. European Journal of Personality, 25, 254-266.
  • Kendler, K. S. ve Baker, J. H. (2007). Genetic influences on measures of the environment: A systematic review. Psychological Medicine, 37, 615-626.
  • Klahr, A. M. ve Burt, S. A. (2014). Elucidating the etiology of individual differences in parenting: A meta-analysis of behavioral genetic research. Psychological Bulletin, 140(2), 544-586. Li, W., Aste, T., Caccioli, F. ve
  • Livan, G. (2019). Early coauthorship with top scientists predicts success in academic careers. Nature Communications, 10, 51-70.
  • Lövden, M., Fratiglioni, L., Glymour, M. M., Lindenberger, U. ve Tucker-Drob, E. M. (2020). Education and cognitive functioning across the life span. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 21(1), 6-41.
  • McAdams, D. P. ve Olson, B. D. (2010). Personality development: Continuity and change over the life cours. Annual Review of Psychology, 61, 517-542.
  • McCartney, K., Harris, M. J. ve Bernieri, F. (1990). Growing up and growing apart: A development meta-analysis of twin studies. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 226-237.
  • McCrae, R. R. ve Costa, P. T. (1994). The stability of personality: Observations and evaluations. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 3, 73-175.
  • McCrae, R. R., Costa, P. T., Ostendorf, F., Angleitner, A., Hrebickova, M., Avia, M. D. ve Smith, P. B. (2000). Nature over nurture: Temperament, personality and life span development. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 173-186.
  • Merton, R. K. (1968). The Matthew effect in science. Science, 159, 53-63.
  • Montgomery, J. D. (1991). Social networks and labor-market outcomes: Towards and economic analysis. American Economic Review, 81(5), 1408-1418.
  • Özer, M. (2020a). What PISA tells us about performance of education systems? Bartın University Journal of Faculty of Education, 9(2), 217-228.
  • Özer, M. (2020b). Okuldan işe geçiş sorunlarında bireyselci ve yapısalcı yaklaşım çatışması. Bartın Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(22), 330-345.
  • Özer, M. ve Suna, H. E. (2020). The linkage between vocational education and labor market in Turkey: Employability and skill mismatch. Kastamonu Education Journal, 28(2), 558-569.
  • Özer, M. ve Perc, M. (2020). Dreams and realities of school tracking and vocational education. Palgrave Communications, 6, 34.
  • Özer, M., Gençoğlu, C. ve Suna, H. E. (2020). Türkiye’de eğitimde eşitsizlikleri azaltmak için uygulanan politikalar. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 39(2), 294-312.
  • Özer, M. (2021). A new step towards narrowing the achievement gap in Turkey: “1,000 schools in vocational education and training” Project. Bartın University Journal of Faculty of Education, 10(1), 97-108.
  • Perc, M. (2014). The Matthew Effect in empirical data. Journal of Royal Soc Interface, 11.
  • Reschly, A. (2010). Reading and school completion: Critical connections and Matta effects. Reading & Writing Quarterly, 26, 67-90.
  • Richardson, K. (2017). Zekânın bilimi ve ideolojisi: Genler, beyin ve insanın potansiyeli ideolojisi. İstanbul: Koç Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Robert, B. W. ve Wood, D. (2006). Personality development in the context of the neo-socioanalytic model of personality. D. K. Mroczek ve T. D. Little (Ed.). Handbook of personality development içinde (ss. 11-41). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Sah, P., Fanselow, M., Quirk, G. J., Hattie, J., Mattingley, J. ve Tokuhama-Espinosa, T. (2018). The nature and nurture of education. Npj Science of Learning, 3, 6.
  • Stanovich, K. E. (1986). Matthew effect in reading: Some consequences of individual differences in acquisition of literacy. Reading Research Quarterly, 21(4), 360-407.
  • Suna, H. E., Tanberkan, H. ve Özer, M. (2020). Changes in literacy students in Turkey by years and school types: Performance of students in PISA applications. Journal of Measurement and Evaluation in Education and Psychology, 11(1), 76-97.
  • Suna, H. E., Tanberkan, H., Gür, B. S., Perc, M. ve Özer, M. (2020a). Socioeconomic status and school type as predictors of academic achievement. Journal of Economy Culture and Society, 61(1), 41-64.
  • Suna, H. E., Gür, B. S., Gelbal, S. ve Özer, M. (2020b). Fen lisesi öğrencilerinin sosyoekonomik arkaplanı ve yükseköğretime geçişteki tercihleri. Yükseköğretim Dergisi, 10(3), 356-370. Terracciano, A., Costa, P. T. ve McCrae, R. R. (2006). Personality plasticity after age 30. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32, 999-1009.
  • Thomson, S. (2018). Achievement at school and socioeconomic background: An educational perspective. Npj Science of Learning, 3, 5.
  • Tucker-Drob, E. M., Briley D. A. ve Harden, K. P. (2013). Genetic and environmental influences on cognition across development and context. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(5), 349-355.
  • Walberg, H. J. ve Tsai, S. L. (1983). Matthew effects in education. American Educational Research Journal, 20(3), 359-373.
Year 2021, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 199 - 208, 15.06.2021

Abstract

References

  • Arrow, K. J. ve Borzekowski, R. (2004). Limited network connections and the distribution of wages. U.S. Federal Reserve Board, Finance and Economics Discussion Series, No.2004-41.
  • Bourdieu, P. ve Passeron, J. C. (2000). Reproduction in education, society and culture. London: Sage Publication.
  • Bölükbaş, S. ve Gür, B. S. (2020). Tracking and inequality: The results from Turkey. International Journal of Educational Development, 78, 1-9.
  • Briley, D. A. ve Tucker-Drob, E. M. (2014). Genetic and environmental continuity in personality development: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 140(5), 1303-1331.
  • Burks, S. V., Cowgill, B., Hoffman, M. ve Housman, M. (2015). The value of hiring through employee referrals. Querterly Journal of Economics, 130(2), 805-839.
  • Calvo-Armengol, A. (2006). Social networks and labour market outcomes. Els Opuscles del CREI, Universitat pompeu Fabra, No.17.
  • Carter, P. L. (2018). The multidimensional problems of educational inequality require multidimensional solutions. Educational Studies, 54(1), 1-16.
  • Cingöz, Z. K. ve Gür, B. S. (2020). Ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel statünün akademik başarıya etkisi: PISA 2015 ve TEOG 2017 sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması. İnsan ve Toplum, 10(4), 247-288.
  • Coleman, J. S., Campbell, E. Q., Hobson, C. J., McPartland, J., Mood, A. M., Weinfeld, F. D. ve York, R. L. (1966). Equality of educational opportunity. US Office of Education.
  • Cunha, F. ve Heckman, J. J. (2006). The evolution of labor earnings risk in the USA economy. 2006 Meeting Papers, 665.
  • Darling-Hammond, L. (2010). The flat world and education: How America’s commitment to equity will determine our future. Teachers College Press: Colombia University.
  • Dickens, W. T. ve Flynn, J. R. (2001). Heritability estimates versus large environmental effects: The IQ paradox resolved. Psychological Review, 108, 346-369.
  • DiMaggio, P. ve Garip, F. (2012). Network effects and social inequality. Annual Review of Sociology, 38, 93-118.
  • Feinstein, L. (2003). Inequality in the early cognitive development of British children in the 1970 cohort. Economica, 70(277), 73-97.
  • Gee, L. K., Jones, J. ve Burke, M. (2017). Social networks and labor markets: How strong ties relate to job finding on Facebook’s social networks. Journal of Labor Market, 35(2), 485-518.
  • Granovetter, M. S. (1973). The strength of weak ties. American Journal of Sociology, 78, 1360-1380.
  • Granovetter, M. S. (1974). Getting a job: A study of contacts and careers. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.
  • Gür, B. S., Özoğlu, M., Akgeyik, T. ve Çetinkaya, E. vd. (2012). Türkiye’nin insan kaynağının belirlenmesi. Ankara: SETA Yayınları.
  • Hirsch, E. D. (2007). The knowledge deficit: Closing the shocking education gap for American children. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
  • Hurst, J. M. (2016). The impact of networks on unemployment. Palgrave Macmillan: Springer Nature.
  • Johnson, W., Penke, L. ve Spinath, F. M. (2011). Heritability in the era of molecular genetics: Some thought for understanding genetic influences on behavioral traits. European Journal of Personality, 25, 254-266.
  • Kendler, K. S. ve Baker, J. H. (2007). Genetic influences on measures of the environment: A systematic review. Psychological Medicine, 37, 615-626.
  • Klahr, A. M. ve Burt, S. A. (2014). Elucidating the etiology of individual differences in parenting: A meta-analysis of behavioral genetic research. Psychological Bulletin, 140(2), 544-586. Li, W., Aste, T., Caccioli, F. ve
  • Livan, G. (2019). Early coauthorship with top scientists predicts success in academic careers. Nature Communications, 10, 51-70.
  • Lövden, M., Fratiglioni, L., Glymour, M. M., Lindenberger, U. ve Tucker-Drob, E. M. (2020). Education and cognitive functioning across the life span. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 21(1), 6-41.
  • McAdams, D. P. ve Olson, B. D. (2010). Personality development: Continuity and change over the life cours. Annual Review of Psychology, 61, 517-542.
  • McCartney, K., Harris, M. J. ve Bernieri, F. (1990). Growing up and growing apart: A development meta-analysis of twin studies. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 226-237.
  • McCrae, R. R. ve Costa, P. T. (1994). The stability of personality: Observations and evaluations. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 3, 73-175.
  • McCrae, R. R., Costa, P. T., Ostendorf, F., Angleitner, A., Hrebickova, M., Avia, M. D. ve Smith, P. B. (2000). Nature over nurture: Temperament, personality and life span development. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 173-186.
  • Merton, R. K. (1968). The Matthew effect in science. Science, 159, 53-63.
  • Montgomery, J. D. (1991). Social networks and labor-market outcomes: Towards and economic analysis. American Economic Review, 81(5), 1408-1418.
  • Özer, M. (2020a). What PISA tells us about performance of education systems? Bartın University Journal of Faculty of Education, 9(2), 217-228.
  • Özer, M. (2020b). Okuldan işe geçiş sorunlarında bireyselci ve yapısalcı yaklaşım çatışması. Bartın Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(22), 330-345.
  • Özer, M. ve Suna, H. E. (2020). The linkage between vocational education and labor market in Turkey: Employability and skill mismatch. Kastamonu Education Journal, 28(2), 558-569.
  • Özer, M. ve Perc, M. (2020). Dreams and realities of school tracking and vocational education. Palgrave Communications, 6, 34.
  • Özer, M., Gençoğlu, C. ve Suna, H. E. (2020). Türkiye’de eğitimde eşitsizlikleri azaltmak için uygulanan politikalar. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 39(2), 294-312.
  • Özer, M. (2021). A new step towards narrowing the achievement gap in Turkey: “1,000 schools in vocational education and training” Project. Bartın University Journal of Faculty of Education, 10(1), 97-108.
  • Perc, M. (2014). The Matthew Effect in empirical data. Journal of Royal Soc Interface, 11.
  • Reschly, A. (2010). Reading and school completion: Critical connections and Matta effects. Reading & Writing Quarterly, 26, 67-90.
  • Richardson, K. (2017). Zekânın bilimi ve ideolojisi: Genler, beyin ve insanın potansiyeli ideolojisi. İstanbul: Koç Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Robert, B. W. ve Wood, D. (2006). Personality development in the context of the neo-socioanalytic model of personality. D. K. Mroczek ve T. D. Little (Ed.). Handbook of personality development içinde (ss. 11-41). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Sah, P., Fanselow, M., Quirk, G. J., Hattie, J., Mattingley, J. ve Tokuhama-Espinosa, T. (2018). The nature and nurture of education. Npj Science of Learning, 3, 6.
  • Stanovich, K. E. (1986). Matthew effect in reading: Some consequences of individual differences in acquisition of literacy. Reading Research Quarterly, 21(4), 360-407.
  • Suna, H. E., Tanberkan, H. ve Özer, M. (2020). Changes in literacy students in Turkey by years and school types: Performance of students in PISA applications. Journal of Measurement and Evaluation in Education and Psychology, 11(1), 76-97.
  • Suna, H. E., Tanberkan, H., Gür, B. S., Perc, M. ve Özer, M. (2020a). Socioeconomic status and school type as predictors of academic achievement. Journal of Economy Culture and Society, 61(1), 41-64.
  • Suna, H. E., Gür, B. S., Gelbal, S. ve Özer, M. (2020b). Fen lisesi öğrencilerinin sosyoekonomik arkaplanı ve yükseköğretime geçişteki tercihleri. Yükseköğretim Dergisi, 10(3), 356-370. Terracciano, A., Costa, P. T. ve McCrae, R. R. (2006). Personality plasticity after age 30. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32, 999-1009.
  • Thomson, S. (2018). Achievement at school and socioeconomic background: An educational perspective. Npj Science of Learning, 3, 5.
  • Tucker-Drob, E. M., Briley D. A. ve Harden, K. P. (2013). Genetic and environmental influences on cognition across development and context. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(5), 349-355.
  • Walberg, H. J. ve Tsai, S. L. (1983). Matthew effects in education. American Educational Research Journal, 20(3), 359-373.
There are 49 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Other Fields of Education
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Mahmut Özer

Publication Date June 15, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 11 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Özer, M. (2021). Eğitimde Eşitsizliklerin Kaynağı: Genetik mi Çevre mi?. İnsan Ve Toplum, 11(2), 199-208.