COVID-19 Aşılarına Karşı Olumsuz Tutumları Etkileyen Faktörler

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 53 - 72, 28.03.2023

Veysel Bozkurt , Nuran Bayram Arlı , Mustafa Necmi İlhan , Emine Kübra Usta , Burkay Budak Mine Aydemir Dev

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, aşılara yönelik olumsuz tutumları (aşı kararsızlığı ve aşı karşıtlığı) etkileyen faktörleri incelemektir. 4004 kişiden oluşan data çevrimiçi olarak toplanmıştır. Aşı kararsızlığı ve aşı karşıtlığı iki farklı kavram olmasına rağmen aralarında güçlü bir pozitif ilişki vardır. Çalışmada öncelikle aşı kararsızlığı ve aşı karşıtlığı ölçekleri için keşfedici faktör analizi ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri yapılmıştır Daha sonra 10p, 50p ve 90p değerlerinde kantil regresyon modelleri bu iki değişken (aşı kararsızlığı ve aşı karşıtlığı) için ayrı ayrı hesaplanmıştır. Tahmin edilen regresyonlar sonucunda yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim, hane geliri, komplo teorilerine inanç, politik görüş, dini inanç, bilime, aşılara, bitkisel tedavilere, devlete, aşı firmalarına ve doktorlara güven değişkenleri anlamlı değişkenler olarak elde edilmiştir. Yoksul, işsiz, geçim sıkıntısı yaşayan sosyo-ekonomik bakımdan dezavantajlı gruplar arasında aşıya karşı olumsuz tutumlar görece daha fazladır. Aşılara yönelik olumsuz tutumları azaltmak için güvenilir bilimsel araştırmaların sonuçlarına göre toplumu bilgilendirmek, insanların zihinlerindeki şüpheleri azaltacak şeffaf politikalar izlemek ve etkin iletişim politikalarını sürdürmek önemlidir.

Keywords

Aşı kararsızlığı, aşı karşıtlığı, güven, komplo teorileri, siyaset ve din.

Factors Affecting Negative Attitudes towards COVID-19 Vaccines

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the factors affecting negative attitudes (vaccine hesitancy and anti-vaccination) towards vaccines. Data of 4004 people were collected online. Although vaccine hesitancy and anti-vaccination attitudes are two different concepts, there is a strong positive relationship between them. In this study, explanatory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis are used for vaccine questions. Then, quantile regression models at 10p, 50p and 90p values were calculated separately for these two variables (vaccine hesitancy and anti-vaccination). As a result of the estimation, age, gender, education, household income, belief in conspiracy theories, political views, religious involvement are significant predictors. In addition, trust in science, doctors, the government, vaccine companies, COVID-19 vaccines and herbal treatments are other predictive variables. Negative attitudes towards vaccines are relatively higher among the poor, unemployed and socio-economically disadvantaged groups. To reduce negative attitudes towards vaccines, it is important to inform society based on the results of reliable scientific research, to follow transparent policies that will reduce the doubts in people’s minds, and to maintain effective communication policies.

Keywords

Vaccine hesitancy, anti-vaccination, trust, conspiracy theories, politics and religion.

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