Neokolonyal Hafıza İnşası ve Abd el-Kader Müzeciliği

Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 4, 139 - 170, 09.12.2024

Faruk Karaarslan , Said Topal

Abstract

Öz: Hafıza inşası, kolonyal süreçlerin ve yeni kolonyal formların işleyişinin ayrılmaz bir parçasını teşkil eder. Mekanın, ritüelin, bedensel pratiklerin ve tarih anlatısının şekillendirilmesi suretiyle, kolonyal toplumların kolektif hafızasını biçimlendirmeye devam eder. Bu noktada, sosyal bilimlerin iki farklı alanı; hafıza inşası ve neokolonyalizm ilişkisi, yeni bir tartışma alanı açmaktadır. Bu ilişki, çalışmamız bağlamında karşılığını, neokolonyal hafıza kavramsallaştırmasında bulmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın konusunu, Fransa ve Cezayir’in ortak kolonyal dönem tarihinin ve direnişin sembol şahsiyetinin konu edildiği Abd el-Kader müze sergisi oluşturmaktadır. 2022 yılında Fransa’nın Marsilya şehrinde, Avrupa ve Akdeniz Medeniyetler Müzesi’nde düzenlenen Abd el-Kader Sergisi, çalışmanın katılımcı gözlem ile gerçekleştirilen sahasını oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, Abd el-Kader müze sergisi üzerinden okuyarak, başta dönemselleştirme olmak üzere tarih yazımı, anlatı inşası, seçici hatırlatma ve unutturma gibi çarpıtma dinamiklerini içeren hafıza inşasının neokolonyal süreçler ile ilişkisine dair bir tartışma yürütmektir. Bu bağlamda, neokolonyal hafıza inşasının, bir taraftan kolonyal dönemin sorunlu geçmişini yatıştırma çabalarının bir parçası, diğer taraftan kolonyal mirasın ve güç eşitsizliklerinin sürdürülmesini içeren kültürel etki mekanizmasının aracı olduğu iddia edilmektedir. Abd el-Kader’in hayat serüvenini; direniş, tutsaklık, sürgün ve mirası olarak dönemselleştiren sergi, onun monografisini mağlup, tutsak, pasif; aynı zamanda lider, uyumlu, barış insanı, din adamı olarak sunmaktadır.

Keywords

Hafıza, Hafıza İnşası, Kolonyal, Neokolonyal, Neokolonyal Hafıza, Müze, MuCEM, Abd el-Kader

Neo-Colonial Memory Construction and Abd el- Kader Museology

Abstract

Memory construction constitutes an integral part of the functioning of colonial processes and new colonial forms. Through the shaping of space, ritual, bodily practices, and historical narrative, it continues to mold the collective memory of colonial societies. At this juncture, the relationship between two distinct areas of social sciences; memory construction and neo-colonialism, opens a new field of discussion. Within the context of our study, this relationship finds its expression in the conceptualization of neo-colonial memory. The Abd el-Kader Museum exhibition, centered on the shared colonial history of France and Algeria and the symbolic figure of resistance, serves as the focal point of this study. The exhibition, held in 2022 at the Museum of European and Mediterranean Civilizations in Marseille, France, serves as the field of study conducted through participant observation. The aim of this study is to analyze, through the Abd el-Kader Museum exhibition, the relationship between memory construction, including distortion dynamics such as periodization, historiography, narrative construction, selective remembering, and forgetting, and neo-colonial processes. In this context, it is argued that neo-colonial memory construction is both a part of the efforts to appease the troubled past of the colonial period and a mechanism of cultural influence that ensures the continuity of colonial legacy and power inequalities. The exhibition, which periodizes Abd el-Kader’s life journey as resistance, captivity, exile, and legacy, presents his monograph as a defeated, captive, passive figure, yet also as a leader, a harmonious, peaceful person, and a religious figure.

Keywords

Memory, Memory Construction, Colonial, Neo-Colonial, Neo-Colonial Memory, Museum, MuCEM, Abd el-Kader

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