Z Kuşağının Finansal Okuryazarlık Eğilimlerinin İncelenmesine İlişkin Bir Araştırma

Year 2020, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 356 - 366, 25.06.2020

Benan Gök , Ali Coşkun

Abstract

Bireylerin, yaşamları boyunca finansal kararlar almak zorunda kalması, bireylerin finansal okuryazarlık konusunda gereken bilgiyi elde etmelerini gerektirmektedir. Bireyler kendi finansal kararlarından sorumludur ve bu bireyler modern dünyada daha karmaşık finansal durumlarla karşı karşıya kalmaktadırlar. Dolayısıyla, finansal okuryazarlık, özellikle gençler için giderek daha önemli hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de Z kuşağına mensup olan bireylerin finansal okuryazarlık konusundaki bilgi seviyelerinden hareketle onların finansal algı ve tutumlarının harcama davranışlarını nasıl etkilediğini ölçmeye çalışmaktadır. Çalışma, kolayda örneklem yöntemiyle elde edilen 400 veri, yapısal eşitlik modellemesi ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, Z kuşağının finansal konulardaki algı ve tutumları harcama üzerinde negatif etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu bulgu, Z kuşağının finansal konulardaki algı ve tutum düzeyleri arttıkça onların günlük yaşamlarındaki harcamalarını azalttığını göstermektedir.

Keywords

Finansal okuryazarlık, z kuşağı, tutum, davranış, yapısal eşitlik modeli

References

• Adams, G., Rau, B. (2011). Putting off tomorrow to do what you want today: planning for retirement. American Psychologist, 66(3): 180-192.
• Agarwal, S., Driscoll, J C., Gabaix, X., Laibson, D. (2009). The age of reason: financial decisions over the life cycle and implications for regulation. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2009: 51-101.
• Arthur, C. (2012). Financial literacy education for citizens: what kind of responsibility, equality and engagement?. Citizenship, Social and Economics Education, 11(3): 163-176.
• Atkinson, A., Messy, F. (2012). Measuring financial literacy: results of the oecd/international network on financial education (INFE) pilot study. Working Paper, No. 15, OECD Working Papers on Finance, Insurance and Private Pensions, Paris: OECD Publishing, doi.org/10.1787/5k9csfs90fr4-en.
• Borodich, S., Deplazes, S., Kardash, N., Kovzik, A. (2010). Comparative analysis of the levels of financial literacy among students in the US, Belarus, and Japan. Journal of Economics and Economic Education Research, 11(3): 71-86.
• Cameron M P., Calderwood, R., Cox, A., Lim, S., Yamaoka, M. (2013). Personal financial literacy among high school students in New Zealand, Japan and the USA. Citizenship, Social and Economics Education, 12(3): 200-215.
• CFPB, Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (2017). CFPB Financial well-being scale: scale development technical report.
• CBF, Commonwealth Bank Foundation (2004). Improving financial literacy in Australia: benefits for the individual and the nation. Commonwealth Bank Foundation, Sydney.
• Collins, M., O’Rourke C. (2010). Financial education and counseling-still holding promise. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 44(3): 483-498.
• Danes, S M., Rodriguez, M C., Brewton, E K. (2013). Learning context when studying financial planning in high schools: nesting of student, teacher, and classroom characteristics. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 24(2): 20-36.
• Frunzaru, V., Cismaru, D.M. (2018). The impact of individual entrepreneurial orientation and education on generation z’s intention towards entrepreneurship. DOI 10.1108/K-05-2018-0272.
• Garg, N., Singh, S. (2018). Financial literacy among youth. International Journal of Social Economics, 45(1): 173-186.
• Gellman, S. (2011). Financial fitness for life: teacher guide grades 9-12. 3.ed., New York: Council for Economic Education.
• Gerardi, K., Goette, L., Meier, S. (2010). Financial literacy and subprime mortgage delinquency: evidence from a survey matched to administrative data. Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta Working Paper 2010-10, Atlanta: Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
• Hastings, J S., Madrian, B C., Skimmyhorn, W L. (2013). Financial literacy, financial education, and economic outcomes. Annual Review of Economics, 5(1): 347-373.
• Igel, C., Urquhort, V. (2012). Generation z, meet cooperative learning. Middle School Journal, 43(4): 16-21.
• Johnson, E., Sherraden, M S. (2007). From financial literacy to financial capability among youth. The Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 34: 119-145.
• Kaur, M., Vohra, T., Arora, A. (2015). Financial literacy among university students: a study of Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab. Asia-Pacific Journal of Management Research and Innovation, 11(2): 143-152.
• Koksal, M H. (2019). Differences among baby boomers, generation x, millennials, and generation z wine consumers in lebanon some perspectives. International Journal of Wine Business Research, 31(3): 456-472.
• Lanier, K. (2017). 5 Things hr professionals need to know about generation z. Strategic HR Review, 16(6): 288-290.
• Lusardi, A., Mitchell, O., Curto, V. (2010). Financial literacy among the young. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 44(2): 358-380.
• Lusardi, A., Mitchell, S. (2007). Baby boomer retirement security: the roles of planning, financial literacy, and housing wealth. Journal of monetary Economics, 54(1): 205-224.
• Mandell, L. (2006). Financial literacy: ıf it’s so important, why isn’t it improving?. Networks Financial Institute Policy Brief, Terre Haute: Networks Financial Institute, Indiana State University, DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.923557.
• Mandell, L. (2008). Financial literacy of high school students. Ed. Xiao JJ, in Handbook of Consumer Finance Research, pp.163-183, London: Springer.
• Marcolin, S., Abraham, A. (2006). Financial literacy research: current literature and future opportunities. Eds. P. Basu, G. O’Neill, A. Travaglione, in Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Contemporary Business, Leura New South Wales, Bathurst: Faculty of Commerce, Charles Sturt University.
• Nejad, M G., Javid, K. (2018). Subjective and objective financial literacy, opinion leadership, and the use of retail banking services. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 36(4): 784-804.
• Noctor, M., Stoney, S., Stradling, R. (1992). Financial literacy: a discussion of concepts and competences of financial literacy and opportunities for its introduction into young people’s learning. Report Prepared for the National Westminster Bank, National Foundation for Education Research, London.
• Patranabis, C I. (2012). The future of workforce management: perspectives and way ahead. in Today’s HR for a Sustainable Tomorrow, Eds. Mishra, R K., Sarkar, S., Singh, P., pp. 92-99, New Delhi: Allied Publishers.
• Pesando, M. (2018). Does financial literacy increase students’ perceived value of schooling?. Education Economics, 26(5): 488-515.
• Potrich, G., Vieira, K M., Mendes-Da-Silva, W. (2016). Development of a financial literacy model for university students. Management Research Review, 39(3): 356-376.
• Robinson, M., Schänzel, H. A. (2019). A tourism ınflex: generation z travel experiences. Journal of Tourism Futures, DOI: 10.1108/JTF-01-2019-0014
• Roy Morgan Research (2014). ANZ survey of adult financial literacy in Australia. Final Report, Melbourne.
• Sarıgül, H. (2015). Finansal okuryazarlık tutum ve davranış ölçeği: geliştirme, geçerlik ve güvenirlik. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 13(1): 200-218.
• Tosey, P. (2002). Experiential methods of teaching and learning. Ed. Peter Jarvis, in The Theory and Practice of Teaching, 1.ed, pp.108-122, VA: Stylus Publishing.
• Turner, A. (2015). Generation z: technology and social ınterest. Journal of Individual Psychology, 71(2): 103-113.
• Walstad, B W., Rebeck, K., Macdonald, R A. (2010). The effects of financial education on the financial knowledge of high school students. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 44(2): 336-357.
• Worthington, C. (2006). Predicting financial literacy in Australia. Financial Services Review, 15(1): 59-79.
• Yaşlıoğlu, M. (2017). Sosyal bilimlerde faktör analizi ve geçerlilik: keşfedici ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizlerinin kullanılması. İstanbul Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 46: 74-85.