Girişimcilik ve STEM Eğitimi Çalışmalarında Yeni Akımlar: Bir Bibliyometri Çalışması

Year 2023, , 869 - 892, 15.09.2023

Sıla Kaya-capoccı

https://doi.org/10.17679/inuefd.1320031

Cited By: 1

Abstract

GENİŞ ÖZET
Giriş
STEM eğitimi ve girişimcilik, teknolojinin ilerlemesi ve küreselleşme ile artan bir ilgi görmektedir. STEM eğitiminin ve girişimciliğin önemini ayrı ayrı göstermekte olan çeşitli araştırmalar bulunmasına rağmen, STEM'de yenilikçiliğin önemli bir yere sahip olması nedeniyle, artan sayıda çalışma STEM ve girişimciliğin arasındaki ilişkiye işaret etmektedir. STEM yeterliklerini geliştirmenin bir yolu kurumsal eğitim yoluyla olabilir, bunun nedeni ise STEM eğitimi, girişimciliğin ve dolayısıyla işletme eğitiminin ayrılmaz bir parçası olan inovasyon tarafından yönlendirilmesi olarak görülebilir. Bununla birlikte, sistematik olmayan bir literatür taramasının sonucunda, STEM eğitimi ve girişimcilik üzerine ayrı ayrı inceleme araştırması olmasına rağmen, bu alanların ilişkisine dair bir araştırma bulunamamıştır.
Yöntem
Bu araştırmada, ilgili alandaki akımların belirlenerek gelecekteki araştırmaların yönelmesi gereken alanlara dair öneriler verilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu nedenle, STEM eğitimi ve girişimcilik arasındaki ilişki bibliyometrik ve birlikte oluşum analizleri kullanarak incelenecektir. Bu kapsamda beş tane araştırma sorusuna ve üç tane alt soruya yer verilmiştir. Asıl araştırma soruları arasında: (1) STEM ve girişimcilik alanındaki yayınlarda görülen akımlar nelerdir?, (2) STEM ve girişimcilik üzerine yayınların yaygınlaştırılmasına en çok hangi ülkeler katkıda bulunmuştur?, (3) STEM ve girişimcilik üzerine yayınların yaygınlaşmasına en çok hangi yazarlar katkıda bulunmuştur?, (4) STEM ve girişimcilik üzerine yayınların yaygınlaştırılmasına en çok hangi dergiler katkıda bulunmuştur?, ve (5) STEM ve girişimcilik ile ilgili yayınlarda en sık kullanılan anahtar kelimeler nelerdir? yer almaktadır. Bu kapsamda, Web of Science veri tabanı kullanılarak konuyla ilgili 2865 yayın tespit edilmiştir. Seçim ve uygunluk sürecinin tamamlanmasının ardından geriye kalan 61 yayın ile çalışma yürütülmüştür. Analiz için Vosviewer ve HistCite yazılımı kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler, araştırma kategorilerinin yayın sayısına göre dağılımı, yayınların yıllık atıfları, yayınların ülke ve yazarlara göre dağılımı, trend olan anahtar kelimeler ve dergilerin analizine odaklanmaktadır.
Bulgular, Tartışma ve Sonuç
Elde edilen sonuçlar, konunun eğitim ve eğitim araştırması ile işletme ve yönetim arasında daha popüler hale geldiğini göstermektedir. En fazla yayın eğitim alanında yapılırken, bunu işletme ve yönetim alanlarında yapılan yayınlar takip etmektedir. Bir başka bulgu ise en fazla yayının 2021 ve 2022 yıllarında yapılırken, en fazla atıfın da yıllarda olduğunu göstermektedir. 2020 yılında yayınlanan çalışmalarda artış olmasının nedeninin ise aynı yıl yayınlanan devlet belgelerinde STEM ve girişimciliğe verilen yerin ve öneminin olduğu düşünülmektedir. Yayın sayılarının ülkelere göre dağılımına bakıldığında en yüksek sayıda yayınlar ABD, Türkiye, İngiltere ve Almanya’da yapılmıştır. Konuyla ilgili yapılan yayınlar toplamı en az %3 ve üzerinde olan sekiz dergi belirlenmiştir. Bu dergilerin başında “International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal” gelmektedir. Yazarların kullandığı anahtar sözcüklere bakıldığında STEM ve girişimcilik entegrasyonunda toplumsal cinsiyetle ilgili çalışmaların sayısının 2017 itibariyle artış gösterdiği gözlenmektedir. Bu çalışma, girişimcilik ve STEM hakkında daha fazla araştırma yapılması gerektiğini göstermektedir. Yayınlanan devlet belgeleri ve yürütülen araştırmalara bakıldığında ise, gelecekteki araştırmaların, girişimcilik ve STEM entegrasyonunda sürdürülebilirlik ve toplumsal cinsiyet konularının önemine daha fazla odaklanması önerilmektedir.

Keywords

bibliyometrik, girisimcilik, STEM egitimi

The Trends in Entrepreneurship and STEM Education Studies: A Bibliometric Study

Abstract

STEM education and entrepreneurship have gained increasing attention with the advancement of technology and globalization. Various research has shown the importance of STEM education and entrepreneurship separately, but a growing number of studies is now to point to their connection due to the utmost importance of innovation in STEM. The results of a non-systematic literature review, however, indicate that although there is review research on STEM education and entrepreneurship separately, there is no research on their relationship. This study examines the relationship between STEM education and entrepreneurship using bibliometric and co-occurrence analyses to identify trends and suggest future research directions. Using the Web of Science database, 2865 publications were identified on the topic. Following the selection and eligibility process, the study was conducted with remaining 61 publications. The Vosviewer and HistCite software were used for the analysis. The analysis focused on the distribution of the research categories according to the number of publications, distribution of publications according to the yearly citations, countries, and authors, the trending keywords, and the analysis of the journals. The results showed that the topic is becoming more popular between education and educational research as well as business and management. There was significant increase in the studies published in 2020, which may be the result of government documents published in this year. This study shows the need for further research on entrepreneurship and STEM and recommends future research to focus more on the importance of sustainability and gender issues in entrepreneurship and STEM integration.

Keywords

bibliometric, entrepreneurship, STEM education

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