Cebir Problemlerinin Çözümüne Yeni Yaklaşım: Singapur Şerit Model Yöntemi

Year 2020, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 942 - 962, 31.08.2020

Esra Baysal Şerife Sevinç

https://doi.org/10.17679/inuefd.709349

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, yedinci sınıf öğrencilerinin cebir problemlerini çözmede tercih ettikleri yöntemleri ve öğrencilerin Singapur çubuk model yöntemi hakkındaki görüşleri incelenmiştir. Tek durum çalışması olarak tasarlanan çalışmada, yedinci sınıf öğrencilerinden cebir problemlerinin sorulduğu ön değerlendirme testinin cevaplarına göre seçilen 10 öğrenci ile klinik görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Öğrenciler ders saatlerinde yedinci sınıf matematik öğretim programına uygun olarak cebirsel denklem kurma yöntemi ile problem çözmeyi öğrenmiştir. Buna ek olarak, öğrencilere okul sonrasında üç saatlik Singapur bar/çubuk model eğitimi verilmiştir. Eğitimden sonra yapılan bire bir klinik görüşmelerde öğrencilerin tercih ettikleri çözüm yöntemleri, nitel veri kodlaması yoluyla analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları, öğrencilerin ilk tercihlerinin çubuk model yöntemi olduğunu göstermiştir. Öğrencilerin, çubuk modeli özellikle problemde verilen bilinmeyen nicelikleri anlamlandırmak amacıyla kullandıkları görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin büyük çoğunluğu probleme uygun doğru çubuk modeli çizerek doğru cevaba ulaşabilmiş ve sonrasında da çubuk modelden yararlanarak cebirsel denklem oluşturabilmiştir. Dolayısıyla, çubuk model öğrencilerin problemi anlamasına yardımcı olurken cebirsel denklem kurmaları için de bir ara basamak görevi görmüştür. Öğrenciler, çubuk modeli “daha anlaşılır” bulduklarını, problem çözme sürecini zevkli hale getirdiğini ve diğer matematik problemlerini de bu yöntemle çözmek istediklerini belirtmiştir. Bu bulgu da, çubuk modelin öğrencilerin problem çözmeye karşı motivasyonlarına katkı sağladığını göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, öğrencilerin zorlandıkları cebir problemlerinde ve denklem kurma sürecinde görsel bir araç olan çubuk modelin etkisini ortaya koymuştur. Bu anlamda, matematik öğretmenlerine, öğretmen eğitimcilerine ve matematik eğitimi alanındaki araştırmacılara katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.

Keywords

Singapur Çubuk Model Yöntemi, Cebir Problemleri, Denklem Kurma

An Alternative Approach to Solving Algebra Word Problems: Singapore Bar Model Method

Abstract

This study investigated seventh grade students’ solution preferences while solving algebraic word problems and their thoughts about the Singapore bar model method. The study was designed as a single case study for which 10 seventh grade students were selected for the clinical interviews based on their performances on an initial assessment involving algebra problems. During the regular class hours, students learned how to solve algebra problems by writing linear equations. In addition, students were provided with an after school instruction for three hours and taught Singapore bar model method. Following the instruction, students’ solution preferences on algebra problems were analyzed qualitatively through coding students’ solutions and explanations in the clinical interviews. The study showed that, in most of the problems, students’ first preference was the bar model method. Students used the bar model particularly to conceptualize the unknown quantities given in the problems. The majority of the students could draw the correct bar model and reach the correct solution for the problems with this method, and those students could also write correct algebraic equation based on their models. Therefore, the bar model method not only helped students making sense with the problem but also served as a step towards writing algebraic equation. Furthermore, students stated that bar model method made the problem solving process more enjoyable, and they wanted to learn other math topics using the bar model. This result indicated that the bar model method as a visual tool also increased students’ motivation and played an important role in the algebra problems.

Keywords

Singapore Bar Model Method, Algebra Word Problems, Writing Algebraic Equations.

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