DESIGNING ETHNOCULTURAL IDENTITIES IN DIVIDED SOCIETIES AND CONSOCIATIONAL DEMOCRACY AS A POSSIBILITY

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2, 375 - 386, 31.12.2023

Salim Orhan

https://doi.org/10.21492/inuhfd.1277926

Öz

The management of ethnocultural diversity and design of related identities constitute one of the most fundamental questions of contemporary political science and constitutional law. Many countries in today’s world, albeit in different versions and degrees, are faced with challenges caused by ethnocultural identities that have transformed into political identities. Demands and problems arising in the line of ethnocultural identities occupy the agenda of many developed and developing countries. This article aims to highlight the most realistic and democratic method and strategy for such management and design through researching approaches and methods employed for ethnocultural identities in ethnoculturally deeply divided societies. In this context, following a brief explanation of the concept of a divided society, a macro-political analysis will be used to determine the main approaches and methods. Methods and strategies used by democratic states for ethnocultural diversity will be discussed under two general approaches: Integration, which advocates the policy of single identity in the public sphere, and accommodation, which protects diversity and advocates multiple identity in the public sphere. Following will be an examination as to whether the consociational power-sharing method is best suited as a design for ethnocultural identities in divided societies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Divided Societies, Ethnocultural Identity, Consociational Power Sharing

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Proje Numarası

Yok

Teşekkür

Acknowledgements: I gratefully thank Professor John McGarry for patiently answering my questions and generously sharing his thoughts with me throughout this research.

BÖLÜNMÜŞ TOPLUMLARDA ETNO-KÜLTÜREL KİMLİKLERİN DÜZENLENMESİ VE BİR İMKAN OLARAK ORTAKLIKÇI DEMOKRASİ

Öz

Etno-kültürel çeşitliliğin yönetilmesi ve bu kimliklerin düzenlenmesi, çağdaş siyaset biliminin ve anayasa hukukunun en temel sorunlarından biri haline gelmiş bulunmaktadır. Günümüz dünyasındaki birçok ülke, farklı biçim ve düzeylerde de olsa, politik kimliklere dönüşmüş bulunan etno-kültürel kimlikler ekseninde ortaya çıkan taleplerle ve bu kimliklerin yaratmış olduğu zorluklarla karşılaşmaktadır. Bu makale, etno-kültürel hatlar üzerinden derin bir biçimde bölünmüş toplumlarda etno-kültürel kimliklerin düzenlenmesine yönelik yaklaşım ve stratejileri araştırarak, bu tür toplumlarda söz konusu kimliklerin düzenlenmesi için en reel ve en demokratik yöntemi tespit etmeyi ve sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu çerçevede, öncelikle bölünmüş toplum kavramının çerçevesinin belirlenmesi ve tanımlanmasına yönelik açıklamalar yapıldıktan sonra makro-siyasal bir analizle etno-kültürel kimliklerin yönetilmesine yönelik temel yaklaşım ve yöntemlerin tespiti yapılacaktır. Etno-kültürel çeşitliliğe ve kimliklere yönelik demokratik devletler tarafından kullanılan yöntem ve stratejiler kamusal alanda tek kimliklilik politikasını savunan bütünleştirme ile kamusal alanda çeşitliliği koruyan ve çok kimliklilik politikasını savunan uzlaştırma şeklinde iki genel yaklaşım altında ele alınacaktır. Daha sonra ise, bölünmüş toplumlarda etno-kültürel kimliklerin düzenlenmesi konusunda tespiti yapılan bu yaklaşım ve strateji seçenekleri arasında uzlaşı potansiyeli açısında öne çıkan bir yöntem olarak ortaklıkçı güç paylaşım sistemi analiz edilecektir. Ortaklıkçı güç paylaşım yönteminin bölünmüş toplumlarda etno-kültürel kimliklerin tasarımı için rasyonel ve demokratik olup olmadığına dair bir inceleme yapılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bölünmüş Toplumlar, Etno-Kültürel Kimlikler, Ortaklıkçı Güç Paylaşımı

Proje Numarası

Yok

Kaynakça

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