İran'ın Afrika Politikası ve Karşılaşılan Zorluklar: Ahmedinejad Dönemi, 2005 – 2013

Year 2017, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 84 - 116, 30.06.2017

Cafer Talha Şeker

Abstract

Bu makale, 2005–2013 yılları arasında iktidarda bulunan Cumhurbaşkanı Mahmud Ahmedinejad döneminde İran’ın Afrika siyasetini ele almaktadır. Zikredilen dönemde İran’ın Afrika siyaseti, tabii kaynaklar üzerinden işbirliği yapma, teknolojik sahada ortaklıklar geliştirme ve İran’a ait meselelerin ele alındığı BM’de (oy kullanan) Afrika ülkelerinin desteğini kazanma hedefi üzerine kurgulanmıştır. Bu politika incelenirken İran’ın sahra altı Afrika bölgesine giriş çabaları ele alınmış, İran dış politikasının içinde bulunduğu zor şartlar gözden geçirilmiş, siyasi ve ekonomik olarak hâlihazırda Afrika’da güçlü bir konuma sahip Batılı ülkeler ve Batılı olmayan rakipler ile İran’ın nasıl karşı karşıya geldiği ve bunlara nasıl mukavemet gösterdiği tartışılmıştır. İran’daki Pehlevî monarşisinin 1979’daki devrilişinden itibaren bu ülkenin ABD ile anlaşmakta zorlanması ve Amerikan baskısıyla karşılaşması Batılı ülkelerle ticaret yapmasını zorlaştırmıştır. Aynı şekilde ABD, Afrika’da kendine yer açmaya çalışan İran’ı durdurmak için bu kıtadaki ekonomik ve siyasi nüfuzunu da kullanmıştır.

Keywords

İran, Afrika, Ahmedinejad, dış politika, enerji

Iran’s Africa Policy and Its Confrontations During the Ahmadinejad Era, 2005 – 2013

Abstract

This paper deals with Iran’s foreign
policy towards Africa at specific period, namely the period during the tenure
of president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad between 2005 and 2013. Iran’s foreign policy
towards Africa was predicated on economic and technological cooperation,
exploitation of natural resources, and garnering African support at United
Nations on key issues of particular interest to Iran at that period. In doing
so, the paper addresses the issue of Iran’s attempts at breaking into the
sub-Saharan markets and argues about the reasoning behind Iranian foreign
policy challenges, while at the same time confronting its Western and
non-Western rivals locally and globally, who were already well established
politically and economically in the continent. With the overthrow of the
Pahlavi monarchy in Iran in 1979, it became increasingly difficult for Iran to
do business with Western countries due to American pressure towards Iran. At
the same time, the US used its considerable economic and political clouts in
Africa to frustrate Iranian attempts at penetrating Africa.

Keywords

Iran, Africa, Ahmadinejad, foreign policy, energy

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