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İRAN, ANİRAN VE İRANŞEHR KAVRAMLARI ÜZERİNE

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 5, 37 - 55, 31.12.2020

Filiz Teker

Abstract

İran sözcüğünün Orta Persçe şekli olan Ērān’ın Proto-İrani bir terim olan Aryānām’dan türediği ve ēr’ köküne ān çoğul ekinin getirilmesiyle oluştuğu kabul edilir. Kökeni Avesta’ya kadar uzanan İran (Ērān) sözcüğüne ilk kez Sasani hanedanının kurucusu I. Ardeşir (224-240)’in yazıtlarında ve sikkelerinde rastlanır. İran (Ērān) teriminin karşıtı olan Aniran (Anērān) terimi ise I. Şapur (240-272) ile birlikte görünmeye başlamıştır. Yedi iklimden oluşan bir dünyanın merkezinde durduğu kabul edilen Airyanem Vaejah (Aryan’ların yayıldığı bölge)’ın bir bakıma halefi olarak İranşehr (Ērānšahr) tıpkı İran gibi Sasanilerin bir tasarımıydı. İran fikrinin Ahameniş, Helen, Part; hatta Yakındoğu mirası ile oluşan imparatorluk ideolojisi ile beraber sentezlendiğini söylemek mümkündür.

Keywords

İRAN İRANŞEHR ANİRAN

References

  • Bailey, H. W., “Arya”, Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition Originally Published: December 15, 1987 Last Updated: August 15, 2011 This article is available print. Vol. II, Fasc. 7, pp. 681-683 https://iranicaonline.org/articles/arya-an-ethnic-epithet , erişim tarihi: 20.07.2020.
  • Bocnurdi, Mecid Behruz Puya, “Goftogu Ba Turaç Deryayi Derbare- yi Endişe-yi İranşehri ve Merzha-yı Ferhengi İran”, Marlik, Sal-ı Devvom ve Sevvom Şomare-yi Pencom ve Şeşom, Behar, Tehran 1393/2015, s. 132-135.
  • Boyce, M., The Letter of Tansar, Istituto Italiano per il Medio ed.Estremo Oriente, Rome 1968.
  • Bundeheş, Motercim Fernebag Dadegi, Entişarat- i Tus, Tehran 1395/2017.
  • Darmesettar, Ceyms, Mecmua-yı Kavanin-i Zerdüşt ( Vendidad- ı Avesta ), Motercim: Doktor Musa Cevan, Donya-yı Kitab, Peyk-e İran, Tehran, 1386/2008.
  • Daryaee, Touraj,“ National History or Keyanid History? :The Nature of Sasanid Zoroastrian Historiography”, Iranian Studies, Volume 28, Numbers 3-4, Summer/Fall 1995, s.129-141.
  • Daryaee, Touraj, “Kingship in Early Sasanian Iran”, The Sasanian Era The Idea of Iran vol.3, ed.Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis and Sarah Stewart, I.B Tauris, s. 60-70.
  • Daryaee,T.,“Sasanian Coins & Kingship”, Persian Kings ed. K. Safdari, T.Daryeehttps://www.academia.edu/42204295/Sasanian_Coins_and_Kingship , erişim tarihi: 08.09.2020.
  • Daryaee, Touraj, Šahrestānīhā ī Ērānšahr A Middle Persian Text on Late Antique Geography, Epic and History With English and Persian Translations and Commentary, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California 2002.
  • Daryaee,Touraj, Sasanian Persia The Rise and Fall of An Empire, I. B. Tauris & Co. Ltd.,London-New York, 2009.
  • Daryaee, Touraj. “Sasanian Kingship Empire and Glory: Aspects of Iranian Imperium”, Raj-o-Ganj Papers in Honour of Professor Z. Zarshenas, Edted by, V. Nadaf, F. Goshtasb, M. Shokri-Foumeshi, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran 2013, s.11-22.
  • Daryaee, Touraj., “Memory and History: The Construction of the Past in Late Antique Persia”, Name-ye Iran-e Bastan, : The International Journal of Ancient Iranian Studies, Vol. 1, No. 2, Irvine 2001, s.1-14.
  • Denkard, The Acts of Religion, Book 3, ed. By, Dastur Peshotanji Behramji Sanjana, Ardeshir & Co. Bombay,1876.
  • el- Mukaddesi, Muhammed b. Ahmed, İslam Coğrafyası ( Ahsenü’t-Tekasim), çev. Dr. Ahsen Batur, Selenge Yayınları, İstanbul 2015.
  • Frye, Richard Nelson, Persia, Schocken Books, New York, 1969.
  • Frye, Richard Nelson., The Golden Age of Persia, Phoenix Press, London 2008.
  • Frye, Richard Nelson, The Heritage of Persia, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa California, 2004.
  • Frye, Richard Nelson, The History of Ancient Iran, C. H. Beck’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Germany 1984.
  • Frye, Richard Nelson, The Political History Under The Sasanians”,The Cambridge History of Iran Volume 3(1): The Seleucids, Parthian and Sasanian Perdiods, Ed. E. Yarshater, 1983, s. 116-180.
  • Gignoux, Ph. “ Anērān,” Encyclopædia Iranica, Online Edition, Originally Published: December 15, 1985, Last Updated: August 3, 2011, This article is available in print. Vol. II, Fasc. 1, pp. 30 http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/aneran erişim tarihi: 10.10.2020.
  • Gnoli, Gherardo., The Idea of Iran, An Essay on its Origin, Istituto Italiano per il Medio ed. Estremo Oriente, Roma, 1989.
  • Hafeziniya, Muhammed R, İran Jeopolitiği ve Siyasi Coğrafyası, İraniyat Yayınları, Ankara 2017.
  • Hämeen-Anttila, Jaakko, Khwadāynāmag The Middle Persian Book of Kings, Brill, Leiden 2018. https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/aryans, erişim tarihi: 20.07.2020
  • Koçak, İnci, “Bazı Arap Ülke ve Şehir Adları”, Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih- Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt 36, Sayı-1-2, Ankara 1995, s.127-135.
  • MacKenzie, D.N., “Ērān, Ērānšahr”, Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition, Originally Published: December 15, 1998, Last Updated: December 15, 2011. This article is available in print. Vol. VIII, Fasc. 5, p. 534 , https://iranicaonline.org/articles/eran-eransah , erişim tarihi: 30.08.2020.
  • Malandra, William W. “Vendidad i. Survey of the history and contents of the text”, Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition Originally Published: January 1, 2000 Last Updated: Sep. 5, 2006, https://iranicaonline.org/articles/vendidad erişim tarihi: 04.08.2020.
  • Multiple Authors, “Iran”, Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition, Originally Published: December 15, 2004, Last Updated: March 29, 2012, This article is available in print. Vol. XIII, Fasc. 2, pp. 204-224 and Vol. XIII, Fasc. 3, pp. 225-336 and Vol. XIII, Fasc. 4, pp. 226, https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iran , erişim tarihi: 10.10.2020.
  • Overlaet, Bruno, “ And Man Created God? Kings, Priestes and Gods on Sasanian InvestitureReliefs”, Iranica Antiqua, Vol. XLVIII, 2013, s. 313- 354.
  • Payne, Richard, Cosmology and The Expansian of The Iranian Empire, 502-628 CE”, Past & Present, Volume 220, Issue 1, August 2013, s. 3–33.
  • Rad, Karim Golshani, Ghafar Pourbakhtiar, Gholam Reza Soheily, “Kartir and is inscriptions”, Walia Journal 31(S3): 23-24, Ethiopia 2015, s 23-24.
  • Rezakhani, Khodadad, ReOrienting The Sasanians East Iran in Late Antiquity, Edinburgh University Press, U.K. 2010.
  • Ru, Jan-Pol', Istoriya Irana i irantsev, Ot istokov do naşih dney, Per. s frants. Nekrasov M. YU. SPb., Yevraziya, Sankt-Peterburg 2015.
  • Schmitt, R.,“Aryans”, Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition, Originally Published: December 15, 1987, Last Updated: August 16, 2011 This article is available in print. Vol. II, Fasc. 7, s. 684-687. Shahbazi, A. Shapur, , “Early Sasanians’ Claim to Achaemenid Heritage”, Name-ye Iran-e Bastan, The International Journal of Ancient Iranian Studies, Vol. 1, No. 1, Spring and Summer 2001, s.61-73.
  • Shahbazi, A.Shapur “ The History of the Idea of Iran”, Birth of The Persian Empire Vol I, Ed. Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis Sarah Stewart, I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd , London- New York, 2005, s.100-111.
  • Wiesehöfer, Josef, “The Achaemenid Empires” The Dynamics of the Ancient Empires :State Power from Assyria to Byzantium, ed. By an Morris and Walter Scheidel, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2009, s. 66-98.
  • Wiesehöfer, Josef, Ancient Persia, Translated by Azizeh Azodi, I. B. Tauris Publishers, London-New York, 2014.
  • Yarshater, Ehsan,“Were the Sasanians Heirs to the Achaemenids?”, La Persia nel Medioevo, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Roma, 1971, s. 517-533.
  • Yarshater, Ehsan, “ Communication”, Iranian Studies, Vol. 22, No. 1, Taylor&Francis, London 1989, s. 62-65.

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 5, 37 - 55, 31.12.2020

Filiz Teker

Abstract

References

  • Bailey, H. W., “Arya”, Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition Originally Published: December 15, 1987 Last Updated: August 15, 2011 This article is available print. Vol. II, Fasc. 7, pp. 681-683 https://iranicaonline.org/articles/arya-an-ethnic-epithet , erişim tarihi: 20.07.2020.
  • Bocnurdi, Mecid Behruz Puya, “Goftogu Ba Turaç Deryayi Derbare- yi Endişe-yi İranşehri ve Merzha-yı Ferhengi İran”, Marlik, Sal-ı Devvom ve Sevvom Şomare-yi Pencom ve Şeşom, Behar, Tehran 1393/2015, s. 132-135.
  • Boyce, M., The Letter of Tansar, Istituto Italiano per il Medio ed.Estremo Oriente, Rome 1968.
  • Bundeheş, Motercim Fernebag Dadegi, Entişarat- i Tus, Tehran 1395/2017.
  • Darmesettar, Ceyms, Mecmua-yı Kavanin-i Zerdüşt ( Vendidad- ı Avesta ), Motercim: Doktor Musa Cevan, Donya-yı Kitab, Peyk-e İran, Tehran, 1386/2008.
  • Daryaee, Touraj,“ National History or Keyanid History? :The Nature of Sasanid Zoroastrian Historiography”, Iranian Studies, Volume 28, Numbers 3-4, Summer/Fall 1995, s.129-141.
  • Daryaee, Touraj, “Kingship in Early Sasanian Iran”, The Sasanian Era The Idea of Iran vol.3, ed.Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis and Sarah Stewart, I.B Tauris, s. 60-70.
  • Daryaee,T.,“Sasanian Coins & Kingship”, Persian Kings ed. K. Safdari, T.Daryeehttps://www.academia.edu/42204295/Sasanian_Coins_and_Kingship , erişim tarihi: 08.09.2020.
  • Daryaee, Touraj, Šahrestānīhā ī Ērānšahr A Middle Persian Text on Late Antique Geography, Epic and History With English and Persian Translations and Commentary, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California 2002.
  • Daryaee,Touraj, Sasanian Persia The Rise and Fall of An Empire, I. B. Tauris & Co. Ltd.,London-New York, 2009.
  • Daryaee, Touraj. “Sasanian Kingship Empire and Glory: Aspects of Iranian Imperium”, Raj-o-Ganj Papers in Honour of Professor Z. Zarshenas, Edted by, V. Nadaf, F. Goshtasb, M. Shokri-Foumeshi, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran 2013, s.11-22.
  • Daryaee, Touraj., “Memory and History: The Construction of the Past in Late Antique Persia”, Name-ye Iran-e Bastan, : The International Journal of Ancient Iranian Studies, Vol. 1, No. 2, Irvine 2001, s.1-14.
  • Denkard, The Acts of Religion, Book 3, ed. By, Dastur Peshotanji Behramji Sanjana, Ardeshir & Co. Bombay,1876.
  • el- Mukaddesi, Muhammed b. Ahmed, İslam Coğrafyası ( Ahsenü’t-Tekasim), çev. Dr. Ahsen Batur, Selenge Yayınları, İstanbul 2015.
  • Frye, Richard Nelson, Persia, Schocken Books, New York, 1969.
  • Frye, Richard Nelson., The Golden Age of Persia, Phoenix Press, London 2008.
  • Frye, Richard Nelson, The Heritage of Persia, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa California, 2004.
  • Frye, Richard Nelson, The History of Ancient Iran, C. H. Beck’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Germany 1984.
  • Frye, Richard Nelson, The Political History Under The Sasanians”,The Cambridge History of Iran Volume 3(1): The Seleucids, Parthian and Sasanian Perdiods, Ed. E. Yarshater, 1983, s. 116-180.
  • Gignoux, Ph. “ Anērān,” Encyclopædia Iranica, Online Edition, Originally Published: December 15, 1985, Last Updated: August 3, 2011, This article is available in print. Vol. II, Fasc. 1, pp. 30 http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/aneran erişim tarihi: 10.10.2020.
  • Gnoli, Gherardo., The Idea of Iran, An Essay on its Origin, Istituto Italiano per il Medio ed. Estremo Oriente, Roma, 1989.
  • Hafeziniya, Muhammed R, İran Jeopolitiği ve Siyasi Coğrafyası, İraniyat Yayınları, Ankara 2017.
  • Hämeen-Anttila, Jaakko, Khwadāynāmag The Middle Persian Book of Kings, Brill, Leiden 2018. https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/aryans, erişim tarihi: 20.07.2020
  • Koçak, İnci, “Bazı Arap Ülke ve Şehir Adları”, Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih- Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt 36, Sayı-1-2, Ankara 1995, s.127-135.
  • MacKenzie, D.N., “Ērān, Ērānšahr”, Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition, Originally Published: December 15, 1998, Last Updated: December 15, 2011. This article is available in print. Vol. VIII, Fasc. 5, p. 534 , https://iranicaonline.org/articles/eran-eransah , erişim tarihi: 30.08.2020.
  • Malandra, William W. “Vendidad i. Survey of the history and contents of the text”, Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition Originally Published: January 1, 2000 Last Updated: Sep. 5, 2006, https://iranicaonline.org/articles/vendidad erişim tarihi: 04.08.2020.
  • Multiple Authors, “Iran”, Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition, Originally Published: December 15, 2004, Last Updated: March 29, 2012, This article is available in print. Vol. XIII, Fasc. 2, pp. 204-224 and Vol. XIII, Fasc. 3, pp. 225-336 and Vol. XIII, Fasc. 4, pp. 226, https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iran , erişim tarihi: 10.10.2020.
  • Overlaet, Bruno, “ And Man Created God? Kings, Priestes and Gods on Sasanian InvestitureReliefs”, Iranica Antiqua, Vol. XLVIII, 2013, s. 313- 354.
  • Payne, Richard, Cosmology and The Expansian of The Iranian Empire, 502-628 CE”, Past & Present, Volume 220, Issue 1, August 2013, s. 3–33.
  • Rad, Karim Golshani, Ghafar Pourbakhtiar, Gholam Reza Soheily, “Kartir and is inscriptions”, Walia Journal 31(S3): 23-24, Ethiopia 2015, s 23-24.
  • Rezakhani, Khodadad, ReOrienting The Sasanians East Iran in Late Antiquity, Edinburgh University Press, U.K. 2010.
  • Ru, Jan-Pol', Istoriya Irana i irantsev, Ot istokov do naşih dney, Per. s frants. Nekrasov M. YU. SPb., Yevraziya, Sankt-Peterburg 2015.
  • Schmitt, R.,“Aryans”, Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition, Originally Published: December 15, 1987, Last Updated: August 16, 2011 This article is available in print. Vol. II, Fasc. 7, s. 684-687. Shahbazi, A. Shapur, , “Early Sasanians’ Claim to Achaemenid Heritage”, Name-ye Iran-e Bastan, The International Journal of Ancient Iranian Studies, Vol. 1, No. 1, Spring and Summer 2001, s.61-73.
  • Shahbazi, A.Shapur “ The History of the Idea of Iran”, Birth of The Persian Empire Vol I, Ed. Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis Sarah Stewart, I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd , London- New York, 2005, s.100-111.
  • Wiesehöfer, Josef, “The Achaemenid Empires” The Dynamics of the Ancient Empires :State Power from Assyria to Byzantium, ed. By an Morris and Walter Scheidel, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2009, s. 66-98.
  • Wiesehöfer, Josef, Ancient Persia, Translated by Azizeh Azodi, I. B. Tauris Publishers, London-New York, 2014.
  • Yarshater, Ehsan,“Were the Sasanians Heirs to the Achaemenids?”, La Persia nel Medioevo, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Roma, 1971, s. 517-533.
  • Yarshater, Ehsan, “ Communication”, Iranian Studies, Vol. 22, No. 1, Taylor&Francis, London 1989, s. 62-65.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Filiz Teker

Publication Date December 31, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 3 Issue: 5

Cite

APA Teker, F. (2020). İRAN, ANİRAN VE İRANŞEHR KAVRAMLARI ÜZERİNE. İran Ve Turan Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(5), 37-55.
AMA Teker F. İRAN, ANİRAN VE İRANŞEHR KAVRAMLARI ÜZERİNE. İRTAD. December 2020;3(5):37-55.
Chicago Teker, Filiz. “İRAN, ANİRAN VE İRANŞEHR KAVRAMLARI ÜZERİNE”. İran Ve Turan Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi 3, no. 5 (December 2020): 37-55.
EndNote Teker F (December 1, 2020) İRAN, ANİRAN VE İRANŞEHR KAVRAMLARI ÜZERİNE. İran ve Turan Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi 3 5 37–55.
IEEE F. Teker, “İRAN, ANİRAN VE İRANŞEHR KAVRAMLARI ÜZERİNE”, İRTAD, vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 37–55, 2020.
ISNAD Teker, Filiz. “İRAN, ANİRAN VE İRANŞEHR KAVRAMLARI ÜZERİNE”. İran ve Turan Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi 3/5 (December 2020), 37-55.
JAMA Teker F. İRAN, ANİRAN VE İRANŞEHR KAVRAMLARI ÜZERİNE. İRTAD. 2020;3:37–55.
MLA Teker, Filiz. “İRAN, ANİRAN VE İRANŞEHR KAVRAMLARI ÜZERİNE”. İran Ve Turan Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi, vol. 3, no. 5, 2020, pp. 37-55.
Vancouver Teker F. İRAN, ANİRAN VE İRANŞEHR KAVRAMLARI ÜZERİNE. İRTAD. 2020;3(5):37-55.