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Testing the Mediating and Moderating Factors of the Link Between Religiosity and Vaccine Hesitancy: A Quantitative Study of Turkish Muslims

Year 2024, , 95 - 117, 08.07.2024

Ali Ayten , Muhammet Numan Sağırlı , Derya Eren Cengiz , Ömer Faruk Cengiz , Muhammed Turan Çalışkan

https://doi.org/10.12730/is.1390131

Abstract

This study aims to examine the link between religiosity and vaccine hesitancy and whether this relationship is mediated by trust in science and scientists. The sample consisted of 571 Turkish Muslims. The participants' average age was 38.09 years (SD=11.3). The participants were asked to provide their demographic information and complete measures of vaccine hesitancy, religiosity, and trust in science and scientists. The findings indicate that (a) there is a significant positive correlation between religiosity and vaccine hesitancy, (b) trust in science and scientists has a mediating role in the relationship between religiosity and vaccine hesitancy, and (c) age has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between religiosity and vaccine hesitancy. The findings suggest that the role of religiosity in vaccine hesitancy functions through trust in science and scientists.

Keywords

Vaccine hesitancy trust in science trust in scientists religiosity Turkish Muslims

References

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  • Allington, Daniel - McAndrew, Siobhan - Moxham-Hall, Vivienne - Duffy, Bobby. “Coronavirus Conspiracy Suspicions, General Vaccine Attitudes, Trust and Coronavirus Information Source as Predictors of Vaccine Hesitancy among UK Residents during the COVID-19 Pandemic”. Psychological Medicine 53/1 (2023), 236-247. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721001434
  • Andrade, Gabriel. “Vaccine Hesitancy and Religiosity in a Sample of University Students in Venezuela”. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 17/12 (2021), 5162–5167. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.1981737
  • Arshad, Muhammad Subhan - Hussain, Iltaf - Mahmood, Tahir et al. “A National Survey to Assess the COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Conspiracy Beliefs, Acceptability, Preference, and Willingness to Pay among the General Population of Pakistan.” Vaccines 9/7 (2021), 720. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9070720
  • Ayten, Ali. “Kimlik ve Din: İngiltere’deki Türk Gençleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma”. Çukurova Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (ÇÜİFD) 12/2 (2012), 101–119.
  • Ayten, Ali - Hussain, Amjad M. Psychology and Islam. İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Vakfı Yayınları, 2020.
  • Baron, R. M. - Kenny, D. A. “The Moderator–Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 51/6 (1986), 1173–1182. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
  • Bish, Alison - Yardley, Lucy - Nicoll, Angus - Michie, Susan. “Factors Associated with Uptake of Vaccination against Pandemic Influenza: A Systematic Review”. Vaccine 29/38 (2011), 6472–6484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.06.107
  • Bodner, Ehud - Shrira, Amit - Palgi, Yuval. “Attitudes to Aging Mediate the Reciprocal Effects of Health Anxiety and Physical Functioning”. Psychology & Health 38/2 (2023), 190-208. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2021.1956496
  • Bozkurt, Veysel - Bayram Arlı, Nuran - İlhan, Mustafa Necmi et al. “Factors Affecting Negative Attitudes towards COVID-19 Vaccines”. İnsan & Toplum 13/1 (2023), 53-72. https://doi.org/10.12658/M0674
  • Browne, M. W. - Cudeck, R. “Alternative Ways of Assessing Model Fit”. Sociological Methods & Research 21/2 (1992), 230–258. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124192021002005
  • Cadeddu, Chiara et al. “Vaccine Hesitancy and Trust in the Scientific Community in Italy: Comparative Analysis from Two Recent Surveys”. Vaccines 9 (2021), 1206.
  • Chan, Esther. “Are the Religious Suspicious of Science? Investigating Religiosity, Religious Context, and Orientations towards Science”. Public Understanding of Science 27/8 (2018), 967–984. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963662518781231
  • Chu, James - Pink, Sophia L. - Willer, Robb. “Religious Identity Cues Increase Vaccination Intentions and Trust in Medical Experts among American Christians”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118/49 (2021), e2106481118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2106481118
  • Corcoran, Katie E. - Scheitle, Christopher P - DiGregorio, Bernard D. “Christian Nationalism and COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Uptake”. Vaccine 39/45 (2021), 6614–6621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.09.074
  • Dubé, Eve - Laberge, Caroline - Guay, Maryse. “Vaccine Hesitancy: An Overview”. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 9/8 (2013), 1763–1773. https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.24657
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  • Gopez, Jose Ma W. “Building Public Trust in COVID-19 Vaccines Through the Catholic Church in the Philippines”. Journal of Public Health 43/2 (2021), e330–e331. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdab036
  • Hornsey, Matthew J. - Finlayson, Matthew - Chatwood, Gabrielle. “Donald Trump and Vaccination: The Effect of Political Identity, Conspiracist Ideation and Presidential Tweets on Vaccine Hesitancy”. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 88 (2020), 103947. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2019.103947
  • Hossain, Mohammad Bellal - Alam, Md. Zakiul - Islam, Md. Syful. “COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among the Adult Population in Bangladesh: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey”. PLOS ONE 16/12 (2021), e0260821. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260821
  • Kline, R. B. Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. New York: Guilford Press, 2011.
  • Ladini, Riccardo - Vezzoni, Cristiano. “When Believing in Divine Immanence Explains Vaccine Hesitancy: A Matter of Conspiracy Beliefs?”. Politics and Governance 10/4 (2022), 168–176. https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v10i4.5766
  • Lindesay, James - Baillon, Sarah - Brugha, Traolach. “Worry Content across the Lifespan: An Analysis of 16- to 74-Year-Old Participants in the British National Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity 2000”. Psychological Medicine 36/11 (2006), 1625–1633. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291706008439
  • Marsh, H. W. - Hocevar, D. “Application of Confirmatory Factor Analysis to the Study of Self-Concept: First- and Higher Order Factor Models and Their Invariance across Groups”. Psychological Bulletin 97/3 (1985), 562–582.
  • McPhetres, Jonathon - Zuckerman, Miron. “Religiosity Predicts Negative Attitudes towards Science and Lower Levels of Science Literacy”. PLOS ONE 13/11 (2018), e0207125. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207125
  • Mesch, Gustavo S. - Schwirian, Kent P. “Social and Political Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy: Lessons Learned from the H1N1 Pandemic of 2009-2010”. American Journal of Infection Control 43/11 (2015), 1161–1165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2015.06.031
  • Milošević Đorđević, J. - Mari, S. - Vdović, M. et al. “Links Between Conspiracy Beliefs, Vaccine Knowledge, and Trust: Anti-Vaccine Behavior of Serbian Adults”. Social Science & Medicine 277 (2021), 113930. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113930
  • Mohamed, Nareman Aly et al. “Moderating Effect of Psychological Antecedents and Conspiracy Mentality On COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in A Sample of Egyptians”. Egyptian Journal of Health Care 12/3 (2021), 1873-1886. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejhc.2021.260320
  • Mupandawana, Edith T. - Cross, Ruth. “Attitudes towards Human Papillomavirus Vaccination among African Parents in a City in the North of England: A Qualitative Study”. Reproductive Health 13/1 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-016-0209-x
  • Myers, Lynn B. - Goodwin, Robin. “Determinants of Adults’ Intention to Vaccinate against Pandemic Swine Flu”. BMC Public Health 11/1 (2011), 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-15
  • Nadelson, Louis - Jorcyk, Cheryl - Yang, Dazhi. “I Just Don’t Trust Them: The Development and Validation of an Assessment Instrument to Measure Trust in Science and Scientists”. School Science and Mathematics 114/2 (2014), 76–86. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssm.12051
  • O’Brien, Timothy L. - Noy, Shiri. “Cultural Authority in Comparative Context: A Multilevel Analysis of Trust in Science and Religion”. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 57/3 (2018), 495–513. https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12537
  • Olagoke, Ayokunle A. - Olagoke, Olakanmi O. - Hughes, Ashley M. “Intention to Vaccinate Against the Novel 2019 Coronavirus Disease: The Role of Health Locus of Control and Religiosity”. Journal of Religion and Health 60/1 (2021), 65–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-020-01090-9
  • Plohl, Nejc - Musil, Bojan. “Modeling Compliance with COVID-19 Prevention Guidelines: The Critical Role of Trust in Science”. Psychology, Health & Medicine 26/1 (2021), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2020.1772988
  • Pugliese-Garcia, Miguel - Heyerdahl, Leonard W. - Mwamba, Chanda. “Factors Influencing Vaccine Acceptance and Hesitancy in Three Informal Settlements in Lusaka, Zambia”. Vaccine 36/37 (2018), 5617–5624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.07.042
  • Rainey, Jeanette J. - Watkins, Margaret - Ryman, Tove K. “Reasons Related to Non-Vaccination and under-Vaccination of Children in Low and Middle Income Countries: Findings from a Systematic Review of the Published Literature, 1999–2009”. Vaccine 29/46 (2011), 8215–8221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.096
  • Repalust, Anja - Šević, Sandra - Rihtar, Stanko. “Childhood Vaccine Refusal and Hesitancy Intentions in Croatia: Insights from a Population-Based Study”. Psychology, Health & Medicine 22/9 (2017), 1045–1055. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2016.1263756
  • Roberts, Hannah A. - Clark, D. Angus - Kalina, Claire. “To Vax or Not to Vax: Predictors of Anti-Vax Attitudes and COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Prior to Widespread Vaccine Availability.” PLOS ONE 17/2 (2022), e0264019. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264019
  • Rönnerstrand, Björn. “Social Capital and Immunisation against the 2009 A(H1N1) Pandemic in Sweden”. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 41/8 (2013), 853–859. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494813494975
  • Rozek, Laura S. - Jones, Pauline - Menon, Anil et al. “Understanding Vaccine Hesitancy in the Context of COVID-19: The Role of Trust and Confidence in a Seventeen-Country Survey”. International Journal of Public Health 66 (2021), 636255. https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2021.636255
  • Schermelleh-Engel, Karin - Moosbrugger, Helfried - Müller, Hans. “Evaluating the Fit of Structural Equation Models: Tests of Significance and Descriptive Goodness-of-Fit Measures”. Methods of Psychological Research 8/2 (2003), 23–74. https://doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.12784
  • Scheufele, Dietram A. - Corley, Elizabeth A. - Shih, Tsung-jen et al. “Religious Beliefs and Public Attitudes toward Nanotechnology in Europe and the United States”. Nature Nanotechnology 4/2 (2009), 91–94. https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2008.361
  • Seddig, Daniel - Maskileyson, Dina - Davidov, Eldad et al. “Correlates of COVID-19 Vaccination Intentions: Attitudes, Institutional Trust, Fear, Conspiracy Beliefs, and Vaccine Skepticism”. Social Science & Medicine 302 (2022), 114981. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114981
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Year 2024, , 95 - 117, 08.07.2024

Ali Ayten , Muhammet Numan Sağırlı , Derya Eren Cengiz , Ömer Faruk Cengiz , Muhammed Turan Çalışkan

https://doi.org/10.12730/is.1390131

Abstract

References

  • Abbas, Qamar - Mangrio, Fatima - Kumar, Sunil. “Myths, Beliefs, and Conspiracies about COVID-19 Vaccines in Sindh, Pakistan: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey”. Authorea. Accessed 03.07.2024 https://doi.org/10.22541/au.161519250.03425961/v1
  • Allington, Daniel - McAndrew, Siobhan - Moxham-Hall, Vivienne - Duffy, Bobby. “Coronavirus Conspiracy Suspicions, General Vaccine Attitudes, Trust and Coronavirus Information Source as Predictors of Vaccine Hesitancy among UK Residents during the COVID-19 Pandemic”. Psychological Medicine 53/1 (2023), 236-247. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721001434
  • Andrade, Gabriel. “Vaccine Hesitancy and Religiosity in a Sample of University Students in Venezuela”. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 17/12 (2021), 5162–5167. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.1981737
  • Arshad, Muhammad Subhan - Hussain, Iltaf - Mahmood, Tahir et al. “A National Survey to Assess the COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Conspiracy Beliefs, Acceptability, Preference, and Willingness to Pay among the General Population of Pakistan.” Vaccines 9/7 (2021), 720. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9070720
  • Ayten, Ali. “Kimlik ve Din: İngiltere’deki Türk Gençleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma”. Çukurova Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (ÇÜİFD) 12/2 (2012), 101–119.
  • Ayten, Ali - Hussain, Amjad M. Psychology and Islam. İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Vakfı Yayınları, 2020.
  • Baron, R. M. - Kenny, D. A. “The Moderator–Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 51/6 (1986), 1173–1182. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
  • Bish, Alison - Yardley, Lucy - Nicoll, Angus - Michie, Susan. “Factors Associated with Uptake of Vaccination against Pandemic Influenza: A Systematic Review”. Vaccine 29/38 (2011), 6472–6484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.06.107
  • Bodner, Ehud - Shrira, Amit - Palgi, Yuval. “Attitudes to Aging Mediate the Reciprocal Effects of Health Anxiety and Physical Functioning”. Psychology & Health 38/2 (2023), 190-208. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2021.1956496
  • Bozkurt, Veysel - Bayram Arlı, Nuran - İlhan, Mustafa Necmi et al. “Factors Affecting Negative Attitudes towards COVID-19 Vaccines”. İnsan & Toplum 13/1 (2023), 53-72. https://doi.org/10.12658/M0674
  • Browne, M. W. - Cudeck, R. “Alternative Ways of Assessing Model Fit”. Sociological Methods & Research 21/2 (1992), 230–258. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124192021002005
  • Cadeddu, Chiara et al. “Vaccine Hesitancy and Trust in the Scientific Community in Italy: Comparative Analysis from Two Recent Surveys”. Vaccines 9 (2021), 1206.
  • Chan, Esther. “Are the Religious Suspicious of Science? Investigating Religiosity, Religious Context, and Orientations towards Science”. Public Understanding of Science 27/8 (2018), 967–984. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963662518781231
  • Chu, James - Pink, Sophia L. - Willer, Robb. “Religious Identity Cues Increase Vaccination Intentions and Trust in Medical Experts among American Christians”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118/49 (2021), e2106481118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2106481118
  • Corcoran, Katie E. - Scheitle, Christopher P - DiGregorio, Bernard D. “Christian Nationalism and COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Uptake”. Vaccine 39/45 (2021), 6614–6621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.09.074
  • Dubé, Eve - Laberge, Caroline - Guay, Maryse. “Vaccine Hesitancy: An Overview”. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 9/8 (2013), 1763–1773. https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.24657
  • El-Gabalawy, R. - Mackenzie, C. S. - Thibodeau, M. A. “Health Anxiety Disorders in Older Adults: Conceptualizing Complex Conditions in Late Life”. Clinical Psychology Review 33/8 (2013), 1096–1105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2013.08.010
  • Eriksson, Kimmo - Vartanova, Irina. “Vaccine Confidence Is Higher in More Religious Countries”. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 18/1 (2022), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.1883389
  • Esen, Seher - Alkış-Küçükaydın, Menşure. “Turkish Adaptation Study of the Trust in Science and Scientists Scale: Validity and Reliability Study”. Research on Education and Psychology 6/(Special Issue) (2022), 57–68. https://doi.org/10.54535/rep.1089295
  • Gopez, Jose Ma W. “Building Public Trust in COVID-19 Vaccines Through the Catholic Church in the Philippines”. Journal of Public Health 43/2 (2021), e330–e331. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdab036
  • Hornsey, Matthew J. - Finlayson, Matthew - Chatwood, Gabrielle. “Donald Trump and Vaccination: The Effect of Political Identity, Conspiracist Ideation and Presidential Tweets on Vaccine Hesitancy”. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 88 (2020), 103947. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2019.103947
  • Hossain, Mohammad Bellal - Alam, Md. Zakiul - Islam, Md. Syful. “COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among the Adult Population in Bangladesh: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey”. PLOS ONE 16/12 (2021), e0260821. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260821
  • Kline, R. B. Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. New York: Guilford Press, 2011.
  • Ladini, Riccardo - Vezzoni, Cristiano. “When Believing in Divine Immanence Explains Vaccine Hesitancy: A Matter of Conspiracy Beliefs?”. Politics and Governance 10/4 (2022), 168–176. https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v10i4.5766
  • Lindesay, James - Baillon, Sarah - Brugha, Traolach. “Worry Content across the Lifespan: An Analysis of 16- to 74-Year-Old Participants in the British National Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity 2000”. Psychological Medicine 36/11 (2006), 1625–1633. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291706008439
  • Marsh, H. W. - Hocevar, D. “Application of Confirmatory Factor Analysis to the Study of Self-Concept: First- and Higher Order Factor Models and Their Invariance across Groups”. Psychological Bulletin 97/3 (1985), 562–582.
  • McPhetres, Jonathon - Zuckerman, Miron. “Religiosity Predicts Negative Attitudes towards Science and Lower Levels of Science Literacy”. PLOS ONE 13/11 (2018), e0207125. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207125
  • Mesch, Gustavo S. - Schwirian, Kent P. “Social and Political Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy: Lessons Learned from the H1N1 Pandemic of 2009-2010”. American Journal of Infection Control 43/11 (2015), 1161–1165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2015.06.031
  • Milošević Đorđević, J. - Mari, S. - Vdović, M. et al. “Links Between Conspiracy Beliefs, Vaccine Knowledge, and Trust: Anti-Vaccine Behavior of Serbian Adults”. Social Science & Medicine 277 (2021), 113930. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113930
  • Mohamed, Nareman Aly et al. “Moderating Effect of Psychological Antecedents and Conspiracy Mentality On COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in A Sample of Egyptians”. Egyptian Journal of Health Care 12/3 (2021), 1873-1886. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejhc.2021.260320
  • Mupandawana, Edith T. - Cross, Ruth. “Attitudes towards Human Papillomavirus Vaccination among African Parents in a City in the North of England: A Qualitative Study”. Reproductive Health 13/1 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-016-0209-x
  • Myers, Lynn B. - Goodwin, Robin. “Determinants of Adults’ Intention to Vaccinate against Pandemic Swine Flu”. BMC Public Health 11/1 (2011), 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-15
  • Nadelson, Louis - Jorcyk, Cheryl - Yang, Dazhi. “I Just Don’t Trust Them: The Development and Validation of an Assessment Instrument to Measure Trust in Science and Scientists”. School Science and Mathematics 114/2 (2014), 76–86. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssm.12051
  • O’Brien, Timothy L. - Noy, Shiri. “Cultural Authority in Comparative Context: A Multilevel Analysis of Trust in Science and Religion”. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 57/3 (2018), 495–513. https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12537
  • Olagoke, Ayokunle A. - Olagoke, Olakanmi O. - Hughes, Ashley M. “Intention to Vaccinate Against the Novel 2019 Coronavirus Disease: The Role of Health Locus of Control and Religiosity”. Journal of Religion and Health 60/1 (2021), 65–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-020-01090-9
  • Plohl, Nejc - Musil, Bojan. “Modeling Compliance with COVID-19 Prevention Guidelines: The Critical Role of Trust in Science”. Psychology, Health & Medicine 26/1 (2021), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2020.1772988
  • Pugliese-Garcia, Miguel - Heyerdahl, Leonard W. - Mwamba, Chanda. “Factors Influencing Vaccine Acceptance and Hesitancy in Three Informal Settlements in Lusaka, Zambia”. Vaccine 36/37 (2018), 5617–5624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.07.042
  • Rainey, Jeanette J. - Watkins, Margaret - Ryman, Tove K. “Reasons Related to Non-Vaccination and under-Vaccination of Children in Low and Middle Income Countries: Findings from a Systematic Review of the Published Literature, 1999–2009”. Vaccine 29/46 (2011), 8215–8221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.096
  • Repalust, Anja - Šević, Sandra - Rihtar, Stanko. “Childhood Vaccine Refusal and Hesitancy Intentions in Croatia: Insights from a Population-Based Study”. Psychology, Health & Medicine 22/9 (2017), 1045–1055. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2016.1263756
  • Roberts, Hannah A. - Clark, D. Angus - Kalina, Claire. “To Vax or Not to Vax: Predictors of Anti-Vax Attitudes and COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Prior to Widespread Vaccine Availability.” PLOS ONE 17/2 (2022), e0264019. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264019
  • Rönnerstrand, Björn. “Social Capital and Immunisation against the 2009 A(H1N1) Pandemic in Sweden”. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 41/8 (2013), 853–859. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494813494975
  • Rozek, Laura S. - Jones, Pauline - Menon, Anil et al. “Understanding Vaccine Hesitancy in the Context of COVID-19: The Role of Trust and Confidence in a Seventeen-Country Survey”. International Journal of Public Health 66 (2021), 636255. https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2021.636255
  • Schermelleh-Engel, Karin - Moosbrugger, Helfried - Müller, Hans. “Evaluating the Fit of Structural Equation Models: Tests of Significance and Descriptive Goodness-of-Fit Measures”. Methods of Psychological Research 8/2 (2003), 23–74. https://doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.12784
  • Scheufele, Dietram A. - Corley, Elizabeth A. - Shih, Tsung-jen et al. “Religious Beliefs and Public Attitudes toward Nanotechnology in Europe and the United States”. Nature Nanotechnology 4/2 (2009), 91–94. https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2008.361
  • Seddig, Daniel - Maskileyson, Dina - Davidov, Eldad et al. “Correlates of COVID-19 Vaccination Intentions: Attitudes, Institutional Trust, Fear, Conspiracy Beliefs, and Vaccine Skepticism”. Social Science & Medicine 302 (2022), 114981. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114981
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There are 54 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Religious Studies (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ali Ayten 0000-0002-2787-2429

Muhammet Numan Sağırlı 0000-0001-6430-5194

Derya Eren Cengiz 0000-0001-7598-2027

Ömer Faruk Cengiz 0000-0003-4050-7917

Muhammed Turan Çalışkan This is me 0000-0001-6705-5514

Publication Date July 8, 2024
Submission Date November 13, 2023
Acceptance Date June 20, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

ISNAD Ayten, Ali et al. “Testing the Mediating and Moderating Factors of the Link Between Religiosity and Vaccine Hesitancy: A Quantitative Study of Turkish Muslims”. Ilahiyat Studies 15/1 (July 2024), 95-117. https://doi.org/10.12730/is.1390131.

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