The Mediating Role of Reverse Logistics in the Effect of Green Production on Environmental and Economic Performance

Year 2020, , 2326 - 2349, 30.09.2020

Bülent Yıldız , Ertuğrul Çavdar

https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.763261

Cited By: 1

Abstract

With the increase in the world population, the effects of people on the ecosystem also increase. Natural resources are being used more and more intensively, and the waste that takes time and is difficult to recycle by nature is constantly released to the environment. With the negative effects of environmental pollution, environmental sensitivity has started to gain more importance. For a sustainable life, a lifestyle compatible with the environment should be adopted. One of the most important roles in the environment falls on production companies. In addition to not leaving pollutants to the nature within the scope of environmental policies, the use of recycled and recyclable materials in production processes is of great importance. In this context, the materials that have completed their duties at every stage of the supply chain must be delivered to the previous stages of the process to be reused. In this context, this study investigates, the mediating role of reverse logistics is investigated in the impact of green production on environmental and economic performance. For this purpose, data was collected from 191 manufacturing companies by questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by structural equation modeling and process macro method. As a result of the analysis of the structural equation model, it was found that green production significantly affected environmental and economic performance. For this reason, manufacturing companies should show the necessary importance to environmentally friendly production in order to increase both their economic and environmental performance. It has been found that green production significantly affect reverse logistics. Therefore, reverse logistics activities are linked to green production. In case of manufacturing companies giving importance to green production, reverse logistics activities also increase. It is concluded that reverse logistics has a significant impact on economic performance, but not on environmental performance. As a result of the mediation test conducted by the process macro method, reverse logistics has a mediating role in the effect of green production on economic performance. Therefore, when manufacturing companies perform green production, an increase occurs in their reverse logistics activities and as a result, their economic performance improves. The mediating role of reverse logistics has not been confirmed in the impact of green production on environmental performance.

Keywords

Green Production, Reverse Logistics, Environmental Performance, Economic Performance, Supply Chain

Yeşil Üretimin Çevresel ve Ekonomik Performans Üzerindeki Etkisinde Ters Lojistiğin Aracı Rolü

Abstract

Dünya nüfusundaki artışla birlikte insanların ekosistem üzerindeki etkileri de artmaktadır. Doğal kaynaklar giderek daha yoğun şekilde kullanılmakta, sürekli olarak çevreye doğa tarafından dönüştürülmesi zor ve zaman alan atıklar bırakılmaktadır. Çevre kirliliğinin olumsuz etkileri ile birlikte çevre duyarlılığı daha fazla önem kazanmaya başlamıştır. Sürdürülebilir bir hayat için çevre ile uyumlu bir yaşam tarzı benimsenmelidir. Çevre konusunda en önemli rollerden biri üretim firmalarına düşmektedir. Çevreci politikalar kapsamında kirleticilerin doğaya bırakılmamasının yanı sıra üretim süreçlerinde geri dönüştürülmüş, dönüştürülebilir materyallerin kullanımı büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu kapsamda tedarik zincirinin her aşamasında görevini tamamlamış materyallerin tekrar kullanılmak üzere sürecin önceki aşamalarına ulaştırılması gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışmada yeşil üretimin çevresel ve ekonomik performans üzerindeki etkisinde ters lojistiğin aracı rolü araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla farklı sektörlerde faaliyet gösteren 191 imalat firmasından, yönetici konumunda çalışan katılımcılardan anket ile veri toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler yapısal eşitlik modellemesi ve process makro metodu ile analiz edilmiştir. Yapısal eşitlik modelinin analizi sonucu yeşil üretimin çevresel ve ekonomik performansı anlamlı olarak etkilediği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu nedenle imalat firmaları hem ekonomik hem de çevresel performanslarını artırmak için çevreci üretime gerekli önemi göstermelidir. Yeşil üretimin ters lojistiği anlamlı olarak etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Bu nedenle ters lojistik faaliyetleri yeşil üretim ile bağlantılıdır. İmalat firmalarının yeşil üretime önem vermeleri durumunda ters lojistik faaliyetleri de artış göstermektedir. Ters lojistiğin ekonomik performansı anlamlı olarak etkilediği fakat çevresel performansı anlamlı olarak etkilemediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Process makro yöntemi ile yapılan aracılık testi neticesinde ise yeşil üretimin ekonomik performans üzerindeki etkisinde ters lojistiğin aracılık rolü bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Dolayısıyla imalat firmaları yeşil üretim gerçekleştirdiklerinde ters lojistik faaliyetlerinde de artış meydana gelmekte ve neticesinde ekonomik performanslarında iyileşme görülmektedir. Yeşil üretimin çevresel performans üzerindeki etkisinde ise ters lojistiğin aracılık rolü doğrulanamamıştır. 

Keywords

Yeşil üretim, Ters Lojistik, Çevresel Performans, Ekonomik Performans, Tedarik Zinciri

References

• Abraham, N. (2011). The apparel aftermarket in India – a case study focusing on reverse logistics. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management 15 (2) 211-227.
• Agrawal, S. ve Singh, R.K. (2019). Analyzing disposition decisions for sustainable reverse logistics: Triple Bottom Line approach. Resources, Conservation & Recycling 150, 1-11.
• Aksu, G., Eser, M.T. ve Güzeller, C.O. (2017) Açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile yapısal eşitlik modeli uygulamaları. Detay Yayıncılık.
• Arı, M. (2012). The impact of green product innovation on firm performance and competitive capability: the moderating role of managerial environmental concern. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 62, 854 – 864.
• Autry, C.W., Daugherty, P.J. ve Richey, R.G. (2001). The challenge of reverse logistics in catalog retailing. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 31 (1) 26-37.
• Bouzon, M., Govindan, K. ve Taboada, R.C.M. (2018). Evaluating barriers for reverse logistics implementation under a multiple stakeholders’ perspective analysis using grey decision making approach. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 128, 315–335.
• Breen, L. (2006). Give me back my empties or else! A preliminary analysis of customer compliance in reverse logistics practices (UK). Management Research News 29 (9) 532-551.
• Chen, R.H. (2014). Effects of Green Operations and Green Innovation on Firm’s Environmental Performance. Industrial Engineering & Management Systems 13 (2) 118-128.
• Choudhary, K. ve Sangwan, K.S. (2019). Multiple case study analysis and development of an interpretive structural model for greening of supply chains in Indian ceramic enterprises. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 30 (6) 1279-1296.
• Darnall, N. (2009). Regulatory Stringency, Green Production Off sets, and Organizations’ Financial Performance. Public Administration Review https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2009.01989.x
• Ghazilla R.A.R., Sakundarini, N., Abdul-Rashıd, S.H., Ayub, N.S., Olugu, E.U. ve Musa, S.N. (2015). Drivers and barriers analysis for green manufacturing practices in Malaysian SMEs: A Preliminary Findings. Procedia CIRP 26, 658 – 663.
• Green, Jr K., Zelbst, P.J. Meacham, J. ve Bhadauria, V.S. (2012). Green supply chain management practices: impact on performance. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 17 (3) 290–305.
• Guo, S., Shen, B., Choi, T.M. ve Jung, S. (2017). A review on supply chain contracts in reverse logistics: Supply chain structures and channel leaderships. Journal of Cleaner Production 144, 387-402.
• Günday, A.H. (2018). Yeşil Tedarik Zinciri Uygulamalarının İşletme Performansı Üzerine Etkisi: Kimya Sektöründe Görgül Bir Analiz. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Konya.
• Hajmohammad, S., Vachon, S., Klassen, R.D. ve Gavronski, I. (2013). Reprint of Lean management and supply management: their role in green practices and performance. Journal of Cleaner Production 56, 86-93.
• Hallam, C. ve Contreras, C. (2016). Integrating lean and green management. Management Decision 54 (9) 2157-2187.
• Hayes, A.F. (2018). Introduction to mediation, moderation and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach (2. Baskı). New York: The Guilford Press.
• Hsu, C.C., Tan, K.C. ve Mohamad, Z.S.H. (2016). Strategic orientations, sustainable supply chain initiatives, and reverse logistics Empirical evidence from an emerging market. International Journal of Operations & Production Management 36 (1) 86-110.
• Jack, E.P., Powers, T.L. ve Skinner, L. (2010). Reverse logistics capabilities: antecedents and cost savings. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management 40 (3) 228-246.
• JOHANSSON G. ve WINROTH M. (2010). Introducing environmental concern in manufacturing strategies Implications for the decision criteria. Management Research Review 33 (9) 877-899
• Kannan, G. (2009). Fuzzy approach for the selection of third party reverse logistics provider. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 21 (3) 397-416.
• Li, K., Zhang, X., Leung, J.Y.T. ve Yang, S.L. (2016). Parallel machine scheduling problems in green manufacturing industry. Journal of Manufacturing Systems 38, 98–106.
• Lin, Y., Luo, J., Cai, S., Ma, S. ve Rong, K. (2016). Exploring The Service Quality in The E-Commerce Context: A Triadic View. Industrial Management & Data Systems 116 (3) 388-415.
• Liang,, D., Hou C., Jo, M.S. ve Sarıgöllü, E. (2019). Pollution avoidance and green purchase: The role of moral emotions. Journal of Cleaner Production 210,1301-1310. Mao, S., Wang, B., Tang, Y. ve Qiıan, F. (2019). Opportunities and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence for Green Manufacturing in the Process Industry. Engineering 5 (6) 995-1002.
• Maruthi, G.D. ve Rashmi, R. (2015). Green Manufacturing: It’s Tools and Techniques that can be implemented in Manufacturing Sectors. Materials Today: Proceedings 2, 3350 – 3355.
• Mittal, V.K. ve Sangwan, K.S. (2014). Prioritizing Barriers to Green Manufacturing: Environmental, Social and Economic Perspectives. Procedia CIRP 17, 559 – 564.
• Muma, B.O., Nyaoga, R.B., Matwere, R.B. ve Nyambega, E. (2014). Green supply chain management and environmental performance among tea processing firms in Kericho County- Kenya. International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences; 2(5): 270-276.
• Nik A.N.A.H. ve Yaakub, S. (2014). Reverse logistics: pressure for adoption and the impact on firm’s performance. International Journal of Business and Society, 15 (1) 151 – 170.
• Orji, I. ve Wei, S. (2016). A detailed calculation model for costing of green manufacturing. Industrial Management & Data Systems 116 (1) 65-86.
• Özdamar, K. (2016) Ölçek ve test geliştirme yapısal eşitlik modellemesi. Nisan Kitabevi Eskişehir
• Pang, R. ve Zhang, X. (2019). Achieving environmental sustainability in manufacture: A 28-year bibliometric cartography of green manufacturing research. Journal of Cleaner Production 233, 84-99.
• Prajapati, H., Kant, R. ve Shankar, R. (2019). Bequeath life to death: State-of-art review on reverse logistics. Journal of Cleaner Production 211, 503-520.
• Prakash C. ve Barua M.K. (2016). An analysis of integrated robust hybrid model for third-party reverselogistics partner selection under fuzzy environment. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 108, 63–81.
• Prasad, S., Khanduja, D. ve Sharma, S.K. (2016). An empirical study on applicability of lean and green practices in the foundry industry. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 27 (3) 408-426.
• Rachih, H., Mhada, F.Z. ve Chiheb, R. (2019). Meta-heuristics for reverse logistics: A literature review and perspectives. Computers & Industrial Engineering 127, 45–62 .
• Rehman, K.S.A. ve Qianli, D. (2017). Impact of green supply chain management practices on firms’ performance: an empirical study from the perspective of Pakistan. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24,16829–16844
• Sangwan, K.S. ve Choudhary, K. (2018). Benchmarking manufacturing industries based on green practices. Benchmarking: An International Journal 25 (6) 1746-1761.
• Senthil, S., Murugananthan, M. Ve Ramesh, A. (2017). Analysis and prioritisation of risks in a reverse logistics network using hybrid multi-criteria decision making methods. Journal of Cleaner Production 179, 716-730.
• Seth, D., Shrivastava, R.L. Ve Shrivastava, S. (2016). An empirical investigation of critical success factors and performance measures for green manufacturing in cement industry. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 27 (8) 1076-1101.
• Seth, D., Rehman, M.A.A. Ve Shrivastava, R.L. (2018). Green manufacturing drivers and their relationships for small and medium(SME) and large industries. Journal of Cleaner Production 198, 1381-1405.
• Sezen, B. Ve Çankaya, S.Y. (2013). Effects of green manufacturing and eco-innovation on sustainability performance. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 99, 154 – 163.
• Shrivastava, S. ve Shrivastava, R.L. (2017). A systematic literature review on green manufacturing concepts in cement industries. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 34 (1) 68-90.
• Singh, A., Philip, D., Ramkumar, J. ve Das, M. (2018). A simulation based approach to realize green factory from unit green manufacturing processes. Journal of Cleaner Production 182, 67-81.
• Tan, C.L., Mohd, Z.S.H., Tan, S.C. ve Shaharudin, M.R. (2016). The impact of green supply chain management practices on firm competitiveness. Int. J. Business Innovation and Research, 11 (4) 539-558.
• Yang, M.G., Hong, P. ve Modi, S.H. (2011). Impact of lean manufacturing and environmental management on business performance: An empirical study of manufacturing firms. International Journal of Production Economics 129, 251–261.
• Yazgan, H.İ., Yıldız, M.S. ve Yücel, S. (2014). Temiz üretimin firma performansına etkisi: Düzce sanayi işletmelerinde bir araştırma. Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 32 (7) 722-733.
• Ye, F., Zhao, X., Prahinski, C. ve Li Y. (2013). The impact of institutional pressures, top managers’ posture and reverse logistics onperformance—Evidence fromChina. International Journal of Production Economics143, 132–143.
• Yu, W. ve Ramanathan, R. (2015) An empirical examination of stakeholder pressures, green operations practices and environmental performance, International Journal of Production Research, 53 (21) 6390-6407.
• Zarbakhshnia, N., Wu Y., Govindan, K. ve Soleimani H. (2020). A novel hybrid multiple attribute decision-making approach for outsourcing sustainable reverse logistics. Journal of Cleaner Production 242, 1-16.