Supply Chain Strategies Against Supply Chain Risks: Supply Chain Agility and Flexibility

Year 2024, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 1239 - 1255, 30.09.2024

Ahmet Çetindaş

https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.1468133

Abstract

In today's business world, supply chain management has become a critical concern for companies dealing with a variety of external and internal uncertainties. External factors such as technological developments, natural disasters, and pandemics, along with internal factors related to production, can create supply chain risks. To address these risks, companies should design their supply chains to be agile and/or flexible. The aim of this study, which considers supply chain risks as supply risk, demand risk, and process risk, is to reveal the impact of each of these risks on supply chain flexibility and agility strategies. It is emphasized that in risky business environments where uncertainties are high, companies should design their supply chains more agile and flexible. Within the scope of quantitative research methods, data were collected via phone calls and online surveys from 112 manufacturing companies operating in the Gaziantep Organized Industrial Zone, which is the population of the study. The construct validity of the scales used in the research was determined through exploratory factor analysis, and the fit to the predicted structure was confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis. Additionally, the reliability analysis indicated that the alpha coefficients of the scales were reliable. Skewness and kurtosis coefficients were checked, revealing that the variables fell within the range of -2 and +2, indicating a normal distribution. After finding a positive relationship between the variables through correlation analysis, regression analysis was applied to test the hypotheses of the study. The results of the multiple regression analysis found that supply risk affects both strategies, and process risk only affects the supply chain agility strategy. Demand risk did not have impacted any of these strategies. These findings suggest that both supply chain agility and flexibility strategies are effective against supply risk, but may not be suitable for demand risk. Therefore, the recommendation stands that supply chain agility and flexibility strategies are particularly effective suggestions for industrial firms to cope with supply-related risks in supply chain management.

Keywords

Supply chain risks, Demand risk, Supply risk, Process risk, Agility, Flexibility

Tedarik Zinciri Risklerine Karşı Tedarik Zinciri Stratejileri: Tedarik Zinciri Çevikliği ve Esnekliği

Abstract

Günümüzün iş dünyasında tedarik zinciri yönetimi, bir dizi dışsal ve içsel belirsizlikle baş etmek zorunda olan firmalar için kritik bir konu haline gelmiştir. Teknolojik gelişmeler, doğal afetler ve salgın hastalıklar gibi dışsal etkenlerin yanı sıra, üretim ile ilişkili içsel faktörler de tedarik zinciri riski oluşturabilir. Tedarik zinciri risklerine karşı firmalar tedarik zincirlerini çevik ve/veya esnek tasarlanmalıdır. Tedarik zinciri risklerini tedarik riski, talep riski ve süreç risk olarak ele alan bu çalışmanın amacı, bu risklerin her birinin tedarik zinciri esneklik ve çeviklik stratejilerine etkisini ortaya koymaktır. Bu bağlamda, belirsizliklerin yoğun olduğu riskli iş çevrelerinde, şirketlerin tedarik zincirlerini daha çevik ve esnek bir şekilde tasarlamaları gerektiği vurgulanmak istenmiştir. Nicel araştırma yöntemleri kapsamında çalışmanın evreni olan Gaziantep organize sanayi bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren 112 imalat işletmesinden telefonla ve çevrim içi veri toplanmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan ölçeklerin yapı geçerliliği keşfedici faktör analizi ile öngörülen yapıya uygunluğu doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca güvenilirlik analizi sonucu alfa katsayıları ölçeklerin güvenilir olduğunu göstermiştir. Çarpıklık basıklık katsayıları kontrol edilerek değişkenlerin -2 ve +2 aralığında değer aldığı ve böylelikle normal dağılım gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Korelasyon analizi ile değişkenler arasında pozitif ilişki bulunduktan sonra çalışmanın hipotezlerini test etmek için regresyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Yapılan çoklu regresyon analizi sonuçları, tedarik riskinin her iki stratejiye ve süreç riskinin sadece tedarik zinciri çeviklik stratejisine etki ettiği bulunmuştur. Talep riski her iki stratejiye de etki etmemiştir. Bu sonuçlar, tedarik zinciri yönetiminde her iki stratejinin de tedarik riskine karşı etkili olduğunu, ancak talep riskine karşı her iki stratejinin de uygun olmayabileceğini göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla, tedarik zinciri çeviklik ve esneklik stratejilerinin, özellikle sanayi firmalarının tedarik kaynaklı risklerle başa çıkmasında etkili bir öneri olarak öne çıkmaktadır.

Keywords

Tedarik zinciri riskleri, Talep riski, Tedarik riski, Süreç riski, Çeviklik, Esneklik

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