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The African Union within the Social Constructivist Framework

Year 2015, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 634 - 650, 31.07.2015
https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.44813

Abstract

The experiences, which people as social beings accumulate, diversify and transform their aims of organization in social life. As this process prolongs, the number of national and international organizations shall increase rapidly. The interactions of individuals who make up societies combine with the identities and interests of different segments of people and produce a process of collectivization. This situation results in countries in an organization draw their identities and interests closer with others and enlarges the common space of identity and interest. Therefore, an international organization gains autonomy from its own members and transforms into a political actor on its own in international system. The constructivist theory underlines that states are not the only primary units in international arena, that the identity and interests of states shape through historical process and that African Union is a part of this system.

References

  • Kaynakça
  • “Africa’s Strategic Partnerships”, African Union, erişim tarihi: 05.01.2014,
  • http://www.au.int/en/sites/default/files/Partnerships.pdf.
  • “Afrika Birliği (AfB)”, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Dışişleri Bakanlığı, erişim tarihi: 07.07.2015,
  • http://www.mfa.gov.tr/afrika-birligi.tr.mfa.
  • “Afrika Birliği Kurucu Antlaşma Metni”, erişim tarihi: 17.12.2013, http://www.africa-union.org/official_documents/Speeches_&_Statements/HE_Thabo_Mbiki/Launch%20of%20the%20African%20Union,%209%20July%202002.htm.
  • “Afrika Birliği’nden ‘Mısır’ Kararı”, Anadolu Ajansı, erişim tarihi: 09.01.2014, http://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/253733--afrika-birliginden-quot-misir-quot-aciklamasi.
  • Altan, Can, Türkiye-Afrika Birliği, (ed.) Fatma Günce Kanlı, İstanbul: Tasam Yayınları, 2008.
  • Ataöv, Türkkaya, Afrika Ulusal Kurtuluş Mücadeleleri, Ankara: AÜ SBF Yayınları 1975).
  • Ateş, Davut, “Konstrüktivizm, Tek Kutupluluk ve Amerikan Hegemonyası”, Uluslararası Hukuk ve Politika 5/20, (2009): 79-103.
  • __________, Uluslararası Örgütler-Devletlerin Örgütlenme Mantığı, İstanbul: Dora Yayıncılık, 2010.
  • Bratton, Michael, “South Africa”, Comparative Politics: Interests, Identities and Institutions in a Changing Global Orders, (eds.) Jeffrey Kepstein, Mark Lichbach, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000, s. 382-410.
  • Adler, Emanuel, “Seizing the Middle Ground: Constructivism in World Politics”, European Journal of International Relations 3/3, (1997): 319-363.
  • Aguilar, Mike, Thera Watson, Dave Verge, “African Union”, National Model United Nations 8, (2008): 1-51.
  • Boutros-Ghali, B., L’Organisation de l’Unité Africaine, Paris: Armand Colin, 1969.
  • Buturo, James, “NGOs: Democracy and Sustainable Development in Africa”, Voices from Africa 5, (Haziran 1994): 29-36.
  • Checkel, Jeffery T., “Social Contructivism in Global and European Politics (A Review Essay)”, ARENA Working Papers 15/03, (2003): 1-27.
  • De Waal, Alex, “What is new in the ‘New Partnership for Africa’s Development?’, International Affairs 78/3 (2002): 463-475.
  • Dursun, Davut, “Afrika Birliği Teşkilâtı”, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi (DİA), İstanbul: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı, 1988, c. 1, 439-440.
  • Gould, Harry D., “What is at Stake in the Agent-Structure Debate?”, International Relations In a Constructed World, (Eds.) Vendulka Kubalkova, Nicholas Onuf, New York: M. E. Sharpe, 1998.
  • Griffiths, M., Steven C. Roach, M. Scott Solomon, Fifty Key Thinkers in International Relations, 2. Bs., Londra-New York: Routledge, 2009.
  • Hasgüler, M., M.B. Uludağ, Uluslararası Örgütler, İstanbul: Alfa Yayınları, 2010.
  • Kapungu, Leonard T., “The OAU’s Support fort he Liberation of Southern Africa”, The OAU After Ten Years, (ed.) Yassin el-Ayouty, New York: Praeger, 1975, s. 135-151.
  • Karaosmanoğlu, Ali L., İç Çatışmaların Çözümü ve Uluslararası Örgütler, İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları, 1981.
  • Karns, Margaret P., Karen A. Mingst, International Organizations: The Politics and Processes of Global Govarnance, London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2004.
  • Kaya, Sezgin, “Uluslararası İlişkilerde Konstrüktivist Yaklaşımlar”, Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 63-3, (2008): 83-114.
  • Knight, W. Andy, Kassu Gebremariam, “UN Intervention and Peacebuilding in Somalia: Constraints and Possibilities”, Adapting in the United Nations to a Postmodern Era, (ed.) W. Andy Knight, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.
  • Latham, Robert, The Liberal Moment: Modernity, Security, and the Making of Postwar International Order, Columbia: Columbia University Press, 1997.
  • Maier-Rigaud, Remi, International Organizations as Corporate Actors: Agency and Emergence in Theories of International Relations, Bonn: Preprints of the Max Planck Institute on Collective Goods, 2008.
  • Ngwawi, Joseph, “Africa reviews progress towards economic community”, SANF 06 (Southern African News Features) 51, (June 2006), erişim tarihi: 27.12.2013,
  • http://www.sardc.net/editorial/newsfeature/06510606.htm.
  • Onuf, Nicholas, Worlds of Our Making: rules and Rule in social Theory and International Relations, Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1989.
  • __________, “Constructivism: A User’s Manuel”, International Relations in A Constructed World, (eds.) Vendulka Kubalkova, Nicholas Onuf, Paul Kowert (New York: M. E. Sharpe, 1998), s. 58-78.
  • Oran, Baskın, Azgelişmiş Ülke Milliyetçiliği, Ankara: SBF Yayınları, 1977.
  • Özmen, Ersin, “Afrika Birliği (African Union-AU)”, erişim tarihi: 27.12.2013,
  • http://www.beykent.edu.tr/WebProjects/Web/egitim.php?CategoryId=833&ContentId=657&phpMyAdmin=26b1ab37aa748d52c4747d623bec741b.
  • Roskin, Michael G., Çağdaş Devlet Sistemleri: Siyaset, Coğrafya, Kültür, 4. bs, Ankara: Adres Yayınları, 2013.
  • Ruggie, John Gerard, “What Makes The World Hang Together? Neo-Utilitarianism and The Social Constuctivist Challenge”, International Organization 52/4, (1988): 855-885.
  • Tieku, Thomas Kwasi, , “Explaining the Clash and Accommodation of Interests of Major Actors in the Creation of the African Union”, African Affairs 103/411, (April, 2004): 249-267.
  • “Treaty establishing the African Economic Community”, African Unian Summit, erişim tarihi: 07.01.2014. http://www.au2002.gov.za/docs/key_oau/aectreat1.htm.
  • Wendt, Alexander E., “Anarchy is What States Make of It: The Social Construction of Power Politics”, International Organization 46/2, (Spring 1992): 391-425.
  • __________, Social Theory of International Politics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
  • Wendt, Alexander E., “The Agent-Structure Problem in International Relations Theory”, International Organizations 41/3, (1987): 335-370.
  • __________, “Constucting International Politics”, International Security 20/1, (1995): 73-80.
  • Wiener, Antje, “Constructivism: The Limits of Bridging Gaps”, JIRD (Journal of International Relations and Development) 6/3, (2003): 253-275.
  • Yabi, Gille Olakounle, “The Role of ECOWAS in Managing Political Crisis and Conflict”, FES Peace and Security Series, Abuja 2010.
  • Yakemtchouk, Romain, “The Organization of African Unity and International Law”, The OAU After Ten Years, (ed.) Yassin el-Ayouty, New York: Praeger, 1975.

Konstrüktivizm (Sosyal İnşacılık) Kuramı Bağlamında Afrika Birliği

Year 2015, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 634 - 650, 31.07.2015
https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.44813

Abstract

Sosyal bir varlık olan insanın başından geçen olaylar sonucu edindiği tecrübeler, beşeri hayattaki örgütlenme gerekçelerini değiştirebilmekte veya çeşitlendirebilmektedir. Yaşanan bu süreç devam ettiği sürece ulusal veya uluslararası örgütlenmelerin de hızla artacağı aşikârdır. Zira toplumları oluşturan fertlerin karşılıklı etkileşimiyle bu sürece dahil olan farklı kesimlerin çıkarları ve kimlikleri birleşince daha geniş alanları kapsama ve kolektifleşme eğilimi görülmektedir. Bu durum, bir örgütün bünyesinde barındırdığı ülkelerin çıkarlarını ve kimliklerini diğerleriyle yakınlaştırma eğilimi içerisine girerek, bu süreci yapıcı manada ilerletmekte ve ortak çıkar ile ortak kimlik olgusunun kapsadığı alanın da genişlemesini sağlamaktadır. Dolayısıyla uluslararası bir örgüt, zamanla kendi üyelerinden özerklik kazanıp, uluslararası sistemde kendi başına siyasi bir aktör olabilme yoluna girebilme gücüne ulaşabilmektedir. Bu yönüyle konstrüktivizm kuramı, uluslararası dengeler açısından temel birimlerin yalnızca devletler olmadığını; devletlerin çıkar ve kimliklerinin belirli bir tarihî süreçle şekillenmesi yanında Afrika Birliği’nin de yapısı gereği bu sistemin bir unsuru olduğunun altını çizmektedir.

References

  • Kaynakça
  • “Africa’s Strategic Partnerships”, African Union, erişim tarihi: 05.01.2014,
  • http://www.au.int/en/sites/default/files/Partnerships.pdf.
  • “Afrika Birliği (AfB)”, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Dışişleri Bakanlığı, erişim tarihi: 07.07.2015,
  • http://www.mfa.gov.tr/afrika-birligi.tr.mfa.
  • “Afrika Birliği Kurucu Antlaşma Metni”, erişim tarihi: 17.12.2013, http://www.africa-union.org/official_documents/Speeches_&_Statements/HE_Thabo_Mbiki/Launch%20of%20the%20African%20Union,%209%20July%202002.htm.
  • “Afrika Birliği’nden ‘Mısır’ Kararı”, Anadolu Ajansı, erişim tarihi: 09.01.2014, http://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/253733--afrika-birliginden-quot-misir-quot-aciklamasi.
  • Altan, Can, Türkiye-Afrika Birliği, (ed.) Fatma Günce Kanlı, İstanbul: Tasam Yayınları, 2008.
  • Ataöv, Türkkaya, Afrika Ulusal Kurtuluş Mücadeleleri, Ankara: AÜ SBF Yayınları 1975).
  • Ateş, Davut, “Konstrüktivizm, Tek Kutupluluk ve Amerikan Hegemonyası”, Uluslararası Hukuk ve Politika 5/20, (2009): 79-103.
  • __________, Uluslararası Örgütler-Devletlerin Örgütlenme Mantığı, İstanbul: Dora Yayıncılık, 2010.
  • Bratton, Michael, “South Africa”, Comparative Politics: Interests, Identities and Institutions in a Changing Global Orders, (eds.) Jeffrey Kepstein, Mark Lichbach, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000, s. 382-410.
  • Adler, Emanuel, “Seizing the Middle Ground: Constructivism in World Politics”, European Journal of International Relations 3/3, (1997): 319-363.
  • Aguilar, Mike, Thera Watson, Dave Verge, “African Union”, National Model United Nations 8, (2008): 1-51.
  • Boutros-Ghali, B., L’Organisation de l’Unité Africaine, Paris: Armand Colin, 1969.
  • Buturo, James, “NGOs: Democracy and Sustainable Development in Africa”, Voices from Africa 5, (Haziran 1994): 29-36.
  • Checkel, Jeffery T., “Social Contructivism in Global and European Politics (A Review Essay)”, ARENA Working Papers 15/03, (2003): 1-27.
  • De Waal, Alex, “What is new in the ‘New Partnership for Africa’s Development?’, International Affairs 78/3 (2002): 463-475.
  • Dursun, Davut, “Afrika Birliği Teşkilâtı”, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi (DİA), İstanbul: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı, 1988, c. 1, 439-440.
  • Gould, Harry D., “What is at Stake in the Agent-Structure Debate?”, International Relations In a Constructed World, (Eds.) Vendulka Kubalkova, Nicholas Onuf, New York: M. E. Sharpe, 1998.
  • Griffiths, M., Steven C. Roach, M. Scott Solomon, Fifty Key Thinkers in International Relations, 2. Bs., Londra-New York: Routledge, 2009.
  • Hasgüler, M., M.B. Uludağ, Uluslararası Örgütler, İstanbul: Alfa Yayınları, 2010.
  • Kapungu, Leonard T., “The OAU’s Support fort he Liberation of Southern Africa”, The OAU After Ten Years, (ed.) Yassin el-Ayouty, New York: Praeger, 1975, s. 135-151.
  • Karaosmanoğlu, Ali L., İç Çatışmaların Çözümü ve Uluslararası Örgütler, İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları, 1981.
  • Karns, Margaret P., Karen A. Mingst, International Organizations: The Politics and Processes of Global Govarnance, London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2004.
  • Kaya, Sezgin, “Uluslararası İlişkilerde Konstrüktivist Yaklaşımlar”, Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 63-3, (2008): 83-114.
  • Knight, W. Andy, Kassu Gebremariam, “UN Intervention and Peacebuilding in Somalia: Constraints and Possibilities”, Adapting in the United Nations to a Postmodern Era, (ed.) W. Andy Knight, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.
  • Latham, Robert, The Liberal Moment: Modernity, Security, and the Making of Postwar International Order, Columbia: Columbia University Press, 1997.
  • Maier-Rigaud, Remi, International Organizations as Corporate Actors: Agency and Emergence in Theories of International Relations, Bonn: Preprints of the Max Planck Institute on Collective Goods, 2008.
  • Ngwawi, Joseph, “Africa reviews progress towards economic community”, SANF 06 (Southern African News Features) 51, (June 2006), erişim tarihi: 27.12.2013,
  • http://www.sardc.net/editorial/newsfeature/06510606.htm.
  • Onuf, Nicholas, Worlds of Our Making: rules and Rule in social Theory and International Relations, Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1989.
  • __________, “Constructivism: A User’s Manuel”, International Relations in A Constructed World, (eds.) Vendulka Kubalkova, Nicholas Onuf, Paul Kowert (New York: M. E. Sharpe, 1998), s. 58-78.
  • Oran, Baskın, Azgelişmiş Ülke Milliyetçiliği, Ankara: SBF Yayınları, 1977.
  • Özmen, Ersin, “Afrika Birliği (African Union-AU)”, erişim tarihi: 27.12.2013,
  • http://www.beykent.edu.tr/WebProjects/Web/egitim.php?CategoryId=833&ContentId=657&phpMyAdmin=26b1ab37aa748d52c4747d623bec741b.
  • Roskin, Michael G., Çağdaş Devlet Sistemleri: Siyaset, Coğrafya, Kültür, 4. bs, Ankara: Adres Yayınları, 2013.
  • Ruggie, John Gerard, “What Makes The World Hang Together? Neo-Utilitarianism and The Social Constuctivist Challenge”, International Organization 52/4, (1988): 855-885.
  • Tieku, Thomas Kwasi, , “Explaining the Clash and Accommodation of Interests of Major Actors in the Creation of the African Union”, African Affairs 103/411, (April, 2004): 249-267.
  • “Treaty establishing the African Economic Community”, African Unian Summit, erişim tarihi: 07.01.2014. http://www.au2002.gov.za/docs/key_oau/aectreat1.htm.
  • Wendt, Alexander E., “Anarchy is What States Make of It: The Social Construction of Power Politics”, International Organization 46/2, (Spring 1992): 391-425.
  • __________, Social Theory of International Politics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
  • Wendt, Alexander E., “The Agent-Structure Problem in International Relations Theory”, International Organizations 41/3, (1987): 335-370.
  • __________, “Constucting International Politics”, International Security 20/1, (1995): 73-80.
  • Wiener, Antje, “Constructivism: The Limits of Bridging Gaps”, JIRD (Journal of International Relations and Development) 6/3, (2003): 253-275.
  • Yabi, Gille Olakounle, “The Role of ECOWAS in Managing Political Crisis and Conflict”, FES Peace and Security Series, Abuja 2010.
  • Yakemtchouk, Romain, “The Organization of African Unity and International Law”, The OAU After Ten Years, (ed.) Yassin el-Ayouty, New York: Praeger, 1975.
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Muhammed Tandoğan

Publication Date July 31, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 4 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Tandoğan, M. (2015). Konstrüktivizm (Sosyal İnşacılık) Kuramı Bağlamında Afrika Birliği. İnsan Ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(3), 634-650. https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.44813

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