Biyokontrol Yaklaşımı ile Küflerin Kontrolü

Abstract

Dünya nüfusunun artmasıyla birlikte küresel gıda talebini karşılayabilmek amacıyla gıda üretimi de artış göstermektedir. Artan bu gıda talebi; özellikle tarımsal gıda üretimi üzerinde büyük bir baskı oluşturmakta, dolayısıyla tarım alanlarının daha verimli ve etkili biçimde kullanılmasını gerekli kılmaktadır. Tarım alanlarındaki verim kayıplarını azaltmak amacıyla yakın geçmişte üzerinde en çok çalışma yürütülen konulardan birisi olan biyokontrol yaklaşımı sayesinde tarımsal gıda üretiminde gerçekleştirilen kayıpların azaltılması, böylece hem sürdürülebilir hem de gıda güvenliği açısından uygun kabul edilen üretim proseslerinin entegrasyonunun sağlanması hedeflenmektedir. Biyokontrol yaklaşımı, çeşitli mikroorganizmaların bitki patojenlerini kontrol etmek amacıyla, insan, hayvan ve bitki sağlığı üzerinde toksik etkileri görülen kimyasal pestisitler yerine kullanımını içermektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında zirai ürünlerde küf gelişimini kontrol etmek amacıyla bakteri, küf ve mayaların kullanımı ve etki mekanizmaları incelenmiştir.

Keywords

• Biyokontrol
• küf
• hasat sonrası
• meyve
• mikroorganizma

CONTROL OF MOLDS WITH BIOCONTROL APPROACH

Abstract

With the world's population increasing day by day, food production increases in direct proportion to meet the global food demand. This demand for food generates great pressure on agricultural production, thus making it necessary to expand farm land and use it more efficiently and effectively. In order to reduce yield losses in farming areas, the biocontrol approach, one of the most studied topics in the recent past, aims to reduce losses in agricultural food production, thus ensuring the integration of production processes that are considered both sustainable and appropriate regarding food safety. Biocontrol approach refers to using various organisms to control plant pathogens instead of chemical pesticides that have toxic effects on human, animal and plant health. The substances used in this approach are called biocontrol agents. In this study, the prominent mechanisms of biocontrol agents on plant pathogens will be mentioned, and then the biocontrol agents of bacteria, mold and yeast used against molds will be emphasized.

Keywords

• Biocontrol
• mould
• post harvest
• fruit
• microorganism

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