Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite
Year 2018, Volume: 2 Issue: 40, 55 - 75, 28.12.2018

Abstract

References

  • Atkinson, R., & Shiffrin, R. (1968). Human memory: A proposed system and its control process. In K. Spence (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation: Advances in research and theory 2 (pp. 89–125). New York, NY: Academic Press.
  • Delucchi Danhier, R. (2017). Weganweisungen im Deutschen und Spanischen. Eine Vergleichsanalyse unter Anwendung von Visualisierungen. München, DE: Verlag Dr. Hut.
  • Denis, M. (1997). The description of routes: A cognitive approach to the production of spatial discourse. Current Psychology of Cognition, 16, 409–458.
  • Habel, C. (1987). Prozedurale Aspekte der Wegplanung und Wegbeschreibung. LILOG- Report 17.
  • Habel, C. (2001). On the interaction of verbal and pictorial representations in describing routes. In T. Arnold & C. Herrmann (Eds.), Cognitive systems and mechanisms - KogWis 2001 (p. 116). Leipzig: Leipziger Universitäts-Verlag.
  • Henkel, L. A. (2014). Point and shoot memories: The influence of taking photos on memory for a museum tour. Psychological Science, 25, 396-402.
  • Horton, W. S., & Keysar, B. (1996). When do speakers take into account common ground? Cognition, 59(1), 91–117.
  • Galea, L. A. M., & Kimura, D. (1993). Sex differences in route-learning. Personality and Individual Differences, 14, 53–65.
  • Klein, W. (1979). Wegauskünfte. Zeitschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik 33, 9–57.
  • Levelt, W. (1989). Speaking: From intention to articulation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Loftus, E.F., & Banaji, M.R. (1989). Memory modification and the role of the media. In: V.A. Gheorghiu, P. Netter, H.J. Eysenck & R. Rosenthal (Eds.), Suggestion and suggestibility. 279-293. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
  • McGaugh, J. L. (2003). Memory and emotion: The making of lasting memories. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
  • Michon, P. E., & Denis, M. (2001). When and why referring to visual landmarks in direction giving? In C. Freksa & D. M. Mark (Eds.), Spatial Information theory: Cognition and computational foundations of geographic information science (pp. 292–305). Berlin, DE: Springer,
  • Nelson, K., & Fivush, R. (2004). The emergence of autobiographical memory: A social cultural developmental theory. Psychological Review, 111, 486–511.
  • Schweizer, K., Hermann, T., Janzen, G., & Katz, S. (1998). The route direction effect and its constraints. In C. Freksa, C. Habel & K. F. Wender (Eds.), Spatial cognition I: An interdisciplinary approach to representing and processing spatial knowledge (pp. 19–38). Berlin, DE: Springer.
  • Sparrow, B., Liu, J., & Wegner, D. M. (2011). Google effects on memory: Cognitive consequences of having information at our fingertips. Science, 333(6043), 776–778.
  • Stevens, M. M., Abowd, G. D., Truong, K. N., & Vollmer, F. (2003). Getting into the living memory box: Family archives & holistic design. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 7(3–4), 210–216.
  • Taylor, H. A., & Tversky, B. (1992). Spatial mental models derived from survey and route descriptions. Journal of Memory and Language, 31, 261–292.
  • Taylor, H. A., & Tversky, B. (1996). Perspective in spatial descriptions. Journal of Memory and Language, 35, 371–391.
  • Qi, W., Dasom L., & Yubo H. (2017) Externalising the autobiographical self: Sharing personal memories online facilitated memory retention. Memory, 25(6), 772–776.
  • Wang, Q., Lee, D. & Hou, Y. (2017). Externalising the autobiographical self: sharing personal memories online facilitated memory retention. Memory, 25(6), 772-776.
  • Wunderlich, D. (1978). Wie analysiert man Gespräche? Beispiel Wegauskünfte. Linguistische Berichte 58, 41-76.

Media Exposure Influences Cognition and the Informational Content of Texts

Year 2018, Volume: 2 Issue: 40, 55 - 75, 28.12.2018

Abstract

In a world where online-media plays an ever increasingly important role supplanting increasingly more aspects of real-life experiences, the question is raised on how the particular kind of media a person is exposed to influences the retelling of the experience (language production) and its mental representation (conceptualization). In this experiment, participants gave written route directions for a route they got to know through different media. Four conditions were tested: 1) a video of the route 2) a plan of the area complemented with photographs of the surroundings and 3) a multimedia combination of 1) and 2). A baseline was provided by 4) walking the route in the real world (no-media condition). The participants (N=88) were adult native German speakers. The texts were compared to assess text length, number of landmarks used, and the specifications provided by them. Results show that participants exposed to video routes produced texts similar to those texts based on real life experiences. Experiencing the route only through a map produced shorter texts that contained fewer landmarks. Based on these results, the map can be interpreted to be the least natural experience. Further results showed that decision points are easily identified in the real world or using a plan, but less so based only on a video, since the first-person perspective of the video obstructs the decision points or passes them too quickly. The findings suggest that exposure to different media leads to different cognitive maps that in turn lead to different route directions.

References

  • Atkinson, R., & Shiffrin, R. (1968). Human memory: A proposed system and its control process. In K. Spence (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation: Advances in research and theory 2 (pp. 89–125). New York, NY: Academic Press.
  • Delucchi Danhier, R. (2017). Weganweisungen im Deutschen und Spanischen. Eine Vergleichsanalyse unter Anwendung von Visualisierungen. München, DE: Verlag Dr. Hut.
  • Denis, M. (1997). The description of routes: A cognitive approach to the production of spatial discourse. Current Psychology of Cognition, 16, 409–458.
  • Habel, C. (1987). Prozedurale Aspekte der Wegplanung und Wegbeschreibung. LILOG- Report 17.
  • Habel, C. (2001). On the interaction of verbal and pictorial representations in describing routes. In T. Arnold & C. Herrmann (Eds.), Cognitive systems and mechanisms - KogWis 2001 (p. 116). Leipzig: Leipziger Universitäts-Verlag.
  • Henkel, L. A. (2014). Point and shoot memories: The influence of taking photos on memory for a museum tour. Psychological Science, 25, 396-402.
  • Horton, W. S., & Keysar, B. (1996). When do speakers take into account common ground? Cognition, 59(1), 91–117.
  • Galea, L. A. M., & Kimura, D. (1993). Sex differences in route-learning. Personality and Individual Differences, 14, 53–65.
  • Klein, W. (1979). Wegauskünfte. Zeitschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik 33, 9–57.
  • Levelt, W. (1989). Speaking: From intention to articulation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Loftus, E.F., & Banaji, M.R. (1989). Memory modification and the role of the media. In: V.A. Gheorghiu, P. Netter, H.J. Eysenck & R. Rosenthal (Eds.), Suggestion and suggestibility. 279-293. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
  • McGaugh, J. L. (2003). Memory and emotion: The making of lasting memories. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
  • Michon, P. E., & Denis, M. (2001). When and why referring to visual landmarks in direction giving? In C. Freksa & D. M. Mark (Eds.), Spatial Information theory: Cognition and computational foundations of geographic information science (pp. 292–305). Berlin, DE: Springer,
  • Nelson, K., & Fivush, R. (2004). The emergence of autobiographical memory: A social cultural developmental theory. Psychological Review, 111, 486–511.
  • Schweizer, K., Hermann, T., Janzen, G., & Katz, S. (1998). The route direction effect and its constraints. In C. Freksa, C. Habel & K. F. Wender (Eds.), Spatial cognition I: An interdisciplinary approach to representing and processing spatial knowledge (pp. 19–38). Berlin, DE: Springer.
  • Sparrow, B., Liu, J., & Wegner, D. M. (2011). Google effects on memory: Cognitive consequences of having information at our fingertips. Science, 333(6043), 776–778.
  • Stevens, M. M., Abowd, G. D., Truong, K. N., & Vollmer, F. (2003). Getting into the living memory box: Family archives & holistic design. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 7(3–4), 210–216.
  • Taylor, H. A., & Tversky, B. (1992). Spatial mental models derived from survey and route descriptions. Journal of Memory and Language, 31, 261–292.
  • Taylor, H. A., & Tversky, B. (1996). Perspective in spatial descriptions. Journal of Memory and Language, 35, 371–391.
  • Qi, W., Dasom L., & Yubo H. (2017) Externalising the autobiographical self: Sharing personal memories online facilitated memory retention. Memory, 25(6), 772–776.
  • Wang, Q., Lee, D. & Hou, Y. (2017). Externalising the autobiographical self: sharing personal memories online facilitated memory retention. Memory, 25(6), 772-776.
  • Wunderlich, D. (1978). Wie analysiert man Gespräche? Beispiel Wegauskünfte. Linguistische Berichte 58, 41-76.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Renate Delucchı Danhıer This is me 0000-0002-8247-815X

Publication Date December 28, 2018
Submission Date December 3, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 2 Issue: 40

Cite

APA Delucchı Danhıer, R. (2018). Media Exposure Influences Cognition and the Informational Content of Texts. Studien Zur Deutschen Sprache Und Literatur, 2(40), 55-75.
AMA Delucchı Danhıer R. Media Exposure Influences Cognition and the Informational Content of Texts. Studien zur deutschen Sprache und Literatur. December 2018;2(40):55-75.
Chicago Delucchı Danhıer, Renate. “Media Exposure Influences Cognition and the Informational Content of Texts”. Studien Zur Deutschen Sprache Und Literatur 2, no. 40 (December 2018): 55-75.
EndNote Delucchı Danhıer R (December 1, 2018) Media Exposure Influences Cognition and the Informational Content of Texts. Studien zur deutschen Sprache und Literatur 2 40 55–75.
IEEE R. Delucchı Danhıer, “Media Exposure Influences Cognition and the Informational Content of Texts”, Studien zur deutschen Sprache und Literatur, vol. 2, no. 40, pp. 55–75, 2018.
ISNAD Delucchı Danhıer, Renate. “Media Exposure Influences Cognition and the Informational Content of Texts”. Studien zur deutschen Sprache und Literatur 2/40 (December 2018), 55-75.
JAMA Delucchı Danhıer R. Media Exposure Influences Cognition and the Informational Content of Texts. Studien zur deutschen Sprache und Literatur. 2018;2:55–75.
MLA Delucchı Danhıer, Renate. “Media Exposure Influences Cognition and the Informational Content of Texts”. Studien Zur Deutschen Sprache Und Literatur, vol. 2, no. 40, 2018, pp. 55-75.
Vancouver Delucchı Danhıer R. Media Exposure Influences Cognition and the Informational Content of Texts. Studien zur deutschen Sprache und Literatur. 2018;2(40):55-7.