Paleopathological Analysis of Craniosynostosis (CS): Two Cases of Plagiocephaly from the Archaeological Site of Kayalıpınar, Sivas, Turkey
Year 2024,
, 1 - 17, 04.09.2024
İbrahim Sarı
,
Sercan Acar
,
Ayşen Açıkkol
Abstract
This article describes two individuals diagnosed with craniosynostosis. The archaeological human remains were uncovered from Kayalıpınar excavations in Sivas's province in Turkey. The skeletons described here belong to the Byzantine period. Anterior plagiocephaly (unicoronal synostosis) observed in a female aged 30-34, and posterior plagiocephaly (unilambdoid synostosis) observed in a male aged 20-30. Both skulls show deformities due to synostosis. It is assumed that premature suture closure has no influence on the death of individuals. Craniosynostosis is a known case in clinical studies; however, its frequency in archaeological records/paleopathological literature is unclear. No example of craniosynostosis (especially plagiocephaly) has been found in ancient Anatolian populations, except for scaphocephaly. In conclusion, in addition to dental anomalies, bulging on the frontal bone and lambdoid suture fusion were found in this study, which provides a specific example and useful results for future research.
References
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Year 2024,
, 1 - 17, 04.09.2024
İbrahim Sarı
,
Sercan Acar
,
Ayşen Açıkkol
References
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- Barnes, E. (2012). Atlas of Developmental Field Anomalies of the Human Skeleton: A Paleopathology Perspective. Wiley-Blackwell. google scholar
- Boyadjiev, S.A. (2007). Genetic Analysis of Non-Syndromic Craniosynostosis. Orthodontics Craniofacial Research, 10, 129-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-6343.2007.00393.x google scholar
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- Kreiborg, S., and Björk, A. (1982). Description of a Dry Skull with Crouzon Syndrome. Scandinavian Journal ofPlastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 16(3), 245-253. https://doi.org/10.3109/02844318209026215 google scholar
- Kumar, G.R., Jyothsna, M., Ahmed, S.B., & Lakshmi, K.S. (2013). Crouzon’s Syndrome: A Case Report. International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 6(1), 33-37. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1183 google scholar
- Kumar, I.G., Raghunath, N., Ravi, S., Jyothikiran, H., & Pradeep, S. (2020). The Apert and Crouzon syndromes: general and dental aspects and management in orthodontics and dentofacial orthopaedics: A review article. International Journal ofApplied Dental Sciences, 6 (3), 243-252. google scholar
- Lovejoy, C.O., Meindl, R.S., Pryzbeck, T.R., & Mensforth, R.P. (1985). Chronological Metamorphosis of the Auricular Surface of the Ilium: A New Method for the Determination of Adult Skeletal Age at Death. American Journal ofPhysical Anthropology, 68, 15-28. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330680103 google scholar
- Mann, R.W., & Hunt, D.R. (2012). Photographic Regional Atlas of Bone Disease: A Guide to Pathologic and Normal Variation in the Human Skeleton (Third Edition). Springfield Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, Publisher. google scholar
- Mays, S. (1998). The Archaeology of Human Bones. Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge New York. google scholar
- Menard, R.M., & David, D.J. (1998). Unilateral Lambdoid Synostosis: Morphological Characteristics. The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, 9(3), 240-246. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001665-199805000-00011 google scholar
- Müller-Karpe, A. (2006), “Untersuchungen in Kayalıpınar 2005” (mit Beitragen von V. Müller-Karpe, E. Rieken, W. Sommerfeld, G. Wilhelm, M. Zeiler). Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft, 138, 211-247. google scholar
- Müller-Karpe, A. & Müller-Karpe, V. (2006). Kızılırmak (Maraşanta) Kıyısındaki Bir Hitit Kentinde Yeni Araştırmalar. Arkeoloji ve Sanat Dergisi, 123, 1-12. google scholar
- Müller-Karpe, A., & Müller-Karpe, V. (2009). Untersuchungen in Kayalıpınar und Umgebung 2006-2009 (mit Beitragen von E. Rieken, T. Mühlenbruch, C. Salzmann, M. Zeiler, J. Wangen), Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft, 141, 173-238. google scholar
- Müller-Karpe, V., & Müller-Karpe, A. (2012). Kayalıpınar’da Yapılan Araştırmalar. 29. Araştırma Sonuçları Toplantısı, 2, 407-418. google scholar
- Oberoi, S., Hoffman, W.Y., & Vargervik, K. (2012). Craniofacial Team Management in Apert Syndrome. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 141(4), 82-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. ajodo.2012.01.003 google scholar
- Oliveira, C.I.F., & Fett-Conte, A.C. (2013). Birth Defects: Risk Factors and Consequences. Journal of Pediatric Genetics, 2(2), 85-90. doi: 10.3233/PGE-13052 google scholar
- Oostra, R.J., van der Wolk, S., Maas, M., & Hennekam, R.C.M. (2005). Malformations of the Axial Skeleton in the Museum Vrolik: II: Craniosynostoses and Suture-Related Condition. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 136A, 327-342. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.30769 google scholar
- Ortner, D.J. & Putschar, W.G.J. (1981). Identification of Pathological Conditions in Human Skeletal Remains. Smithsonian Institution Press, City of Washington. google scholar
- Ortner, D.J. (2003). Identification of Pathological Conditions in Human Skeletal Remains. (Second Edition). Academic Press. Washington. google scholar
- Ökse, A.T. (1994). Sivas İli 1992 Yüzey Araştırması. XI. Araştırma Sonuçları Toplantısı, 243-258. google scholar
- Ökse, A.T. (1999). Sivas İli 1997 Yüzey Araştırması. XVI. Araştırma Sonuçları Toplantısı 1, 467-490. google scholar
- Pospı'silovâ, B., & Prochâzkovâ, O. (2006). Paleopathological Findings of Dry Skulls with Plagiocephaly. Acta Medica, 49(4), 219-226. https://doi.org/10.14712/18059694.2017.136 google scholar
- Rice, D.P. (2008). Clinical Features of Syndromic Craniosynostosis. D.P. Rice (Ed.) in, Craniofacial Sutures: Development, Disease and Treatment (s.91-106). Frontiers of Oral Biology (Vol.12), Basel, Karger. google scholar
- Roberts, C., & Manchester, K. (2010). The Archaeology of Disease (Third Edition). The History Press. google scholar
- Sağır, M., Özer, İ. & Güleç, E. (2009). Osmanlı Dönemi Kafataslarının Paleopatolojik Analizi. 24. Arkeometri Sonuçları Toplantısı, 65-78. google scholar
- Sakurai, A., Hirabayashi, S., Sugawara, Y., & Harii, K. (1998). Skeletal Analysis of Craniofacial Asymmetries in Plagiocephaly (Unilateral Coronal Synostosis). Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, 32, 81-89. google scholar
- Sarı, İ., & Açıkkol Yıldırım, A. (2021). Dental Anomalies in Ancient Populations: The Kayalıpınar Samples (Eski Toplumlarda Diş Anomalileri: Kayalıpınar Örneği). Antropoloji, 41, 99-107. https://doi. org/10.33613/antropolojidergisi.883636 google scholar
- Schultz, M., Carli-Thiele, P., Schmidt-Schultz, T.H., Kierdorf, U., Kierdorf, H., Teegen, W.R. & Kreutz, K., (1998), “Enamel Hypoplasias in Archaeological Skeletal Remains”, (edited by Alt, K.W., Rösing, F.W., Teschler-Nicola, M. (2012): Dental Anthropology: Fundamentals, Limits, and Prospects (in), Austria: Springer-Verlag/Wien, 293-312. google scholar
- Sevim, A., Pehlevan, C., Açıkkol, A., Yılmaz, H. & Güleç, E. (2002). Karagündüz Erken Demir Çağı İskeletleri. 17. Arkeometri Sonuçları Toplantısı, 37-48. google scholar
- Sevim Erol, A. & Pehlivan, S. (2014). A Sample of Premature Suture Fusion in the Cranium / Kafa İskeletinde Erken Sutur Kaynaşmasına Bir Örnek. Turkish Journal of Forensic Sciences, 13 (4), 33-37. google scholar
- Suzuki, T. & Jkeda, J. (1981). A Palaeopathological Study of The Craniosynostosis A case of plagiocephaly. Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nippon, 89(4), 479-492. google scholar
- Szilvassy, J. & Kritscher, H. (1990). Estimation of Chronological Age in Man Based on the Spongy Structure of Long Bones. Anthropologischer Anzeiger, 48(3), 289-298. google scholar
- Şenyürek, M.S. (1951). Two Cases of Premature Suture Closure Among the Ancient Inhabitants of Anatolia. Belleten, 15(58), 247-262. google scholar
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