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Ottoman Geography - an Article by Franz Taeschner and an Analysis of the Transition from Eastern Scientific Tradition to European Scientific Mentalty

Year 2019, Issue: 39, 1 - 9, 30.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.26650/JGEOG2019-0008

Abstract

This paper attempts to make a contrastive analysis of history via an article by German orientalist Taeschner (1888-1967) in which the mentality of Eastern geography, that of the Ottomans in particular, was investigated and discussed in detail. The article being analyzed in this paper was once taught as a textbook at Westfalia-Wilhelm University (1922) in Münster, Germany. Only four years later, it was published under the name of Ottoman Geography on pages 271 through 314 in the second volume of Journal of Turkology after it had been translated by Hamid Sami. All books with a great impact on medieval Ottoman geographers are compared with a critical approach in the article by Taeschner, where not only the copies of the books in Europe but also those of the books in Ottoman libraries are introduced to the reader. Furthermore, it attempts to explain the change observed in the orientalist science and geography mentality based upon the similarities and differences between these books. Finally, Taeschner goes on to talk in this article about how the mentality of European science in the 18th and 19th centuries affected Ottoman science mentality and discusses the books through which this effect was achieved.

References

  • Adıvar, A. A. (1982). Science in Ottoman Turks. İstanbul: Remzi Bookstore.
  • Ak, M. (1993). Geography. Islam Encyclopedia, İstanbul: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı Publisher.
  • …….., (2004). Ottoman geography studies. Türkiye Literature Research Magazine, Skin: 2, Number: 4, p.p. 163-211.
  • Çetin, E. (2014). Notes on Franz Taeschner’s work on various ways in Anatolia. Tarih Okulu Magazine (TOD), Year: 7, Skin: (XVII), p.p. 321-343.
  • Evliya Çelebi. (1992). Seyahatname. (By: M. Emre Karaörs), İstanbul: Morpa Publisher.
  • Göçer, Z. (2006). The life and works of Franz Taeschner. Selçuk University Institute of Social Sciences, Department of History, Master Thesis, Konya.
  • Hedda, R. K. (2010). Franz Taeschner. Diyanet İslam Ansiklopedia, Skin: 39, p. 369, Istanbul.
  • Orhonlu, C. (1964). Geography in the Ottomans in the 18th century and Atlas of Ibrahim Hamdi of Bartın, Istanbul University History Magazine, Number: 19, Istanbul.
  • Önder, M. (1968). Franz Taeschner (8.9.1888-11.11.1967). Turkish Culture Magazine, Skin: 64, p.p. 261-262, Ankara.
  • Özkul, O. (2009). Ottoman ulema between tradition and innovation. Sakarya: Sakarya University Publisher.
  • Taeschner, F. (1926). Geography in the Ottomans. (Interpretation: Hamid Sâdî), Türkiyat Magazine, Skin: II, p.p. 271-314, Istanbul.
  • Türkay, C. (1959). Geography of Ottoman Turks. Istanbul: Maarif Publisher.

Franz Taeschner’in Osmanlılarda Coğrafya Makalaesi ve Doğu İlim Geleneğinden Batı İlim Zihniyetine Geçiş Sürecinin Tahlili

Year 2019, Issue: 39, 1 - 9, 30.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.26650/JGEOG2019-0008

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın konusu, Alman oryantalist Taeschner’in genel olarak Doğu ve özel olarak Osmanlı Coğrafyacılığı ile Batı Coğrafyacılığı zihniyetini karşılaştırdığı makalesinden yola çıkarak, bir analiz yapmaktır. Çalışmaya konu olan metin Prof. Franz Taeschner (1888-1967) tarafından 1922 senesinde Almanya’nın Münster şehrinde Westfalia-Wilhelm Üniversitesinde ders örneği olarak okutulmuştur. Bu metin daha sonra 1926 senesinde Türkiyat Mecmuası, II. Cild, 271314. sayfalarında Hâmid Sadî tarafından tercüme edilerek Osmanlılar’da Coğrafya adıyla yayınlanmıştır. Ancak söz konusu makale, bu isme rağmen, genel anlamda Doğu Coğrafya zihniyetini temsil eden belli başlı eserleri de tahlil etmekte, Şark coğrafyası hakkında içerik bakımından ayrıntılı bir analiz sunmaktadır. Bunun yanında, Ortaçağ’da Osmanlı coğrafyacılarını etkileyen önemli eserlerin analizini ve karşılaştırmalı bir tahlilini yapmaktadır. Daha sonra, birbirleri ile benzerliklerini ve etkilendikleri konuları belirlemektedir. Ayrıca bu eserlerin Avrupa ve Osmanlı kütüphanelerindeki nüshalarını tanıtmaktadır. Daha önemlisi şark bilim ve coğrafya zihniyetinin geçirdiği değişimi bu eserler arasındaki benzerlikler ve farklılıklardan hareketle açıklamaktadır. Daha sonra da 18. ve 19. Asırdaki Osmanlı bilim zihniyetinin nasıl ve hangi eserlerden etkilediğini analiz etmektedir. Tarih coğrafya ve edebiyat alanındaki Batı tesirinin bilim zihniyetinde nasıl tezahür ettiğini anlatan Taeschner, özellikle bu konuda coğrafi eserlerin önemine vurgu yapmaktadır. Eserin Almanca’dan Osmanlı Türkçesine tercümesini yapan, Hamid Sadi de bazı konularda eklemeler ve düzeltmeler yapmaktadır.

References

  • Adıvar, A. A. (1982). Science in Ottoman Turks. İstanbul: Remzi Bookstore.
  • Ak, M. (1993). Geography. Islam Encyclopedia, İstanbul: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı Publisher.
  • …….., (2004). Ottoman geography studies. Türkiye Literature Research Magazine, Skin: 2, Number: 4, p.p. 163-211.
  • Çetin, E. (2014). Notes on Franz Taeschner’s work on various ways in Anatolia. Tarih Okulu Magazine (TOD), Year: 7, Skin: (XVII), p.p. 321-343.
  • Evliya Çelebi. (1992). Seyahatname. (By: M. Emre Karaörs), İstanbul: Morpa Publisher.
  • Göçer, Z. (2006). The life and works of Franz Taeschner. Selçuk University Institute of Social Sciences, Department of History, Master Thesis, Konya.
  • Hedda, R. K. (2010). Franz Taeschner. Diyanet İslam Ansiklopedia, Skin: 39, p. 369, Istanbul.
  • Orhonlu, C. (1964). Geography in the Ottomans in the 18th century and Atlas of Ibrahim Hamdi of Bartın, Istanbul University History Magazine, Number: 19, Istanbul.
  • Önder, M. (1968). Franz Taeschner (8.9.1888-11.11.1967). Turkish Culture Magazine, Skin: 64, p.p. 261-262, Ankara.
  • Özkul, O. (2009). Ottoman ulema between tradition and innovation. Sakarya: Sakarya University Publisher.
  • Taeschner, F. (1926). Geography in the Ottomans. (Interpretation: Hamid Sâdî), Türkiyat Magazine, Skin: II, p.p. 271-314, Istanbul.
  • Türkay, C. (1959). Geography of Ottoman Turks. Istanbul: Maarif Publisher.
There are 12 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Osman Özkul This is me

Nadir Çomak

Publication Date December 30, 2019
Submission Date February 25, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Issue: 39

Cite

APA Özkul, O., & Çomak, N. (2019). Ottoman Geography - an Article by Franz Taeschner and an Analysis of the Transition from Eastern Scientific Tradition to European Scientific Mentalty. Journal of Geography(39), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.26650/JGEOG2019-0008
AMA Özkul O, Çomak N. Ottoman Geography - an Article by Franz Taeschner and an Analysis of the Transition from Eastern Scientific Tradition to European Scientific Mentalty. Journal of Geography. December 2019;(39):1-9. doi:10.26650/JGEOG2019-0008
Chicago Özkul, Osman, and Nadir Çomak. “Ottoman Geography - an Article by Franz Taeschner and an Analysis of the Transition from Eastern Scientific Tradition to European Scientific Mentalty”. Journal of Geography, no. 39 (December 2019): 1-9. https://doi.org/10.26650/JGEOG2019-0008.
EndNote Özkul O, Çomak N (December 1, 2019) Ottoman Geography - an Article by Franz Taeschner and an Analysis of the Transition from Eastern Scientific Tradition to European Scientific Mentalty. Journal of Geography 39 1–9.
IEEE O. Özkul and N. Çomak, “Ottoman Geography - an Article by Franz Taeschner and an Analysis of the Transition from Eastern Scientific Tradition to European Scientific Mentalty”, Journal of Geography, no. 39, pp. 1–9, December 2019, doi: 10.26650/JGEOG2019-0008.
ISNAD Özkul, Osman - Çomak, Nadir. “Ottoman Geography - an Article by Franz Taeschner and an Analysis of the Transition from Eastern Scientific Tradition to European Scientific Mentalty”. Journal of Geography 39 (December 2019), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.26650/JGEOG2019-0008.
JAMA Özkul O, Çomak N. Ottoman Geography - an Article by Franz Taeschner and an Analysis of the Transition from Eastern Scientific Tradition to European Scientific Mentalty. Journal of Geography. 2019;:1–9.
MLA Özkul, Osman and Nadir Çomak. “Ottoman Geography - an Article by Franz Taeschner and an Analysis of the Transition from Eastern Scientific Tradition to European Scientific Mentalty”. Journal of Geography, no. 39, 2019, pp. 1-9, doi:10.26650/JGEOG2019-0008.
Vancouver Özkul O, Çomak N. Ottoman Geography - an Article by Franz Taeschner and an Analysis of the Transition from Eastern Scientific Tradition to European Scientific Mentalty. Journal of Geography. 2019(39):1-9.